Commit Graph

138 Commits

Author SHA1 Message Date
Marc Schier 60dc5ab404 Reset the push coordinator after each PushComplianceRegressionTests test (#4719)
# Description

`dotnet test tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` exits 1 even when every test
passes. The assembly-level `LeakDetectionSetup` teardown reports
`Certificate leak detected: 3 instance(s) created but not disposed`.

Cause: `CloseAndUpdateRejectsRetainedCrlOfRemovedCaAsync` and
`CloseAndUpdateAcceptsVersion3CertificateWithoutExtensionsAsync` stage
TrustList updates through `CloseAndUpdate` and finish without
`ApplyChanges` or `CancelChanges`. `TearDown` disposed the TrustLists
but not the staged operations, so the
`PushConfigurationTransactionCoordinator` kept the staged and original
`CertificateCollection`s undisposed.

CI did not catch it: `.github/scripts/get-test-verdict.ps1` accepts a
nonzero exit when the TRX counters show no failures, and reports it only
as an "at-exit stall" warning.

Fix: `TearDown` calls `m_coordinator.Reset()`, which discards the staged
operations and disposes their collections. This is a test-only change;
in production, a session's staged operations are applied, cancelled, or
discarded when the session closes.

### Validation

| Command | Result |
| --- | --- |
| `dotnet test tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests -f net10.0
-p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0 --filter
"FullyQualifiedName~PushComplianceRegressionTests"`, before the fix | 15
passed, but exit 1: `TearDown failed for test fixture
Opc.Ua.Server.Tests.LeakDetectionSetup`, `Certificate leak detected: 3
instance(s) created but not disposed (created=49, disposed=46)` |
| Same, after the fix, 3 runs | 15 passed, exit 0, no leak report |
| Same with `-f net48 -p:CustomTestTarget=net48` | 15 passed, exit 0 |
| `dotnet test tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests -f net10.0
-p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0` | 8386 passed, 0 failed, 5 skipped; exit 0
|

## Related Issues

- No tracking issue. Found while explaining the exit code 1 of a full
`Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` run for #4716.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-09 15:50:41 +02:00
Marc Schier 9600f0de9c Let servers start in globalization-invariant mode (#4716)
# Description

A server did not start in globalization-invariant mode
(`InvariantGlobalization`, or
`DOTNET_SYSTEM_GLOBALIZATION_INVARIANT=1`), which Native AOT and
container images often enable. When the server loaded its default status
texts, `ResourceManager` created `CultureInfo("en-US")`. In this mode
the runtime throws `CultureNotFoundException` for every culture except
the invariant one, so the server crashed in
`ResourceManager.LoadDefaultText`.

`ResourceManager` now:

- keeps the locale id of each translation table as a string, and falls
back to its language subtag to find another region of the same language;
- when the runtime cannot create the culture, parses a locale id that
matches the grammar of RFC 5646 §2.1 into the recommended casing of its
subtags. It still rejects a language without a region, and rejects a tag
that does not match the grammar, as before;
- caches the resolved locale ids, so loading the default texts creates
each culture once.

`docs/NativeAoT.md` no longer warns against invariant mode for servers.

The new tests (`ResourceManagerInvariantGlobalizationTests`) reproduce
both invariant-mode behaviors of the runtime: no cultures at all, and
cultures that carry invariant data. They also cover malformed tags, and
well-formed tags with extended language, variant, extension, and private
use subtags.

The branch includes a merge of master: #4707 moved translation lookups
to a lock-free snapshot of the tables, and the snapshot now copies the
locale-id-based tables.

### Validation

| Command | Result |
| --- | --- |
| `dotnet test tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests -f net10.0
-p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0 --filter
"FullyQualifiedName~ResourceManager"` | 100 passed, including the 39
tests of the new fixture. Before the fix, 10 of its first 22 tests
failed; 7 of the 17 grammar cases failed against the first version of
the parser |
| `dotnet test tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests -f net48
-p:CustomTestTarget=net48 --filter "FullyQualifiedName~ResourceManager"`
| 100 passed |
| `dotnet test tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests -f net10.0
-p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0`, on 80e516309 (before the master merge) |
8408 passed, 0 failed, 5 skipped. The run exits 1 because of a
pre-existing certificate leak in `PushComplianceRegressionTests`, which
is unrelated to this change and fixed in #4719 |
| `dotnet build src/Opc.Ua.Server -c Release` (net10.0, net9.0, net8.0,
net48) | 0 warnings |
| MinimalBoilerServer started with
`DOTNET_SYSTEM_GLOBALIZATION_INVARIANT=1`, then MinimalClient (on
27c8478a9) | Before the fix: the server crashed with
`CultureNotFoundException`. After: it starts, and the client browses,
reads, and receives a subscription notification |

## Related Issues

- No tracking issue. Found while verifying the Native AOT documentation
(follow-up to #4555).

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: marcschier <11168470+marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-09 15:17:12 +02:00
romanett 36194f6a02 Avoid boxing and per-value copies on encoder, enum and server hot paths (#4715)
## Summary
Allocation audit of the per-message / per-value paths (binary codec,
built-in types, server request path, monitored items, client
notification dispatch) looking for boxing and avoidable per-value
copies. Measured with `GC.GetAllocatedBytesForCurrentThread` probe loops
on net10.0 **and net48**, and with `dotnet-trace` allocation traces of
the server load harness (#4707) for read/write/browse/subscription,
server and client side — a value type in the "allocated types" list is a
box.

Wire output and error behaviour are unchanged.

### Fixed
| Where | Cause | Frequency | Before → after |
|---|---|---|---|
| `Polyfills/System.IO.cs` (net48/netstandard2.0) |
`BinaryWriter.Write(ReadOnlySpan<byte>)` polyfill copied with
`ToArray()` — every string, array, ByteString, Guid write | per value |
32–64 B → 0; BrowseResponse×50 encode 15.3 → 10.9 KB |
| `EnumHelper` (net48/netstandard2.0) |
`EnumToInt32`/`Int32ToEnum`/`EnumToInt64` boxed outside
`NET8_0_OR_GREATER` (every enum field, `Variant.From<TEnum>`,
`EnumValue.From`) | per value | 24 B → 0 |
| `BinaryDecoder.ReadString` + stream raw reads (net48) | temp `byte[]`
per string, `BinaryReader.ReadBytes` | per value | BrowseResponse×50
decode 15.7 → 11.3 KB |
| `WriteGuid` / `ReadGuid` (all) | `ToByteArray()` / `byte[16]` | per
value (also Guid NodeIds) | 40 B → 0 each |
| `VariantHelper.TryCastTo<TEnum>` (`DataValue.GetValue<TEnum>`),
`EventRecordFieldReaders.GetEnum` | `Enum.ToObject` box | per call / per
event field | 24 B → 0 |
| `NodeManagerServiceDispatcher.GetManagerHandleAsync` | interface
enumerator per validated node | per node | Write-100: 151.8 → 148.5
KB/request |

### Cold paths (third commit)
- `Server.Auditing` write handler: `Convert.ToBoolean(object)` got a
boxed `Variant` (not `IConvertible`) and threw `InvalidCastException` on
any in-process write; now takes the boolean, `BadTypeMismatch` otherwise
(new test).
- `UpdateServerServiceLevel`: `Convert.ToByte(byte, IFormatProvider)`
bound to the object overload.
- Client publish-state / recovery-policy `HasFlag` (boxes on net48) →
`(x & F) == F`.
- `SequenceReader` big-endian float on net48/netstandard2.0 used
`Convert.ToSingle(int)` (numeric conversion) instead of reinterpreting
the bits.
- JSON enum strings: one `Enum.GetName` + `string.Concat` instead of
`IsDefined` + boxing `CoreUtils.Format`; same output (new test for the
`EnumValue` overload).

Left as is: `SamplingGroup` start-up `Convert.ToInt32(double, provider)`
(rewritten by #4707), `SecureChannelRenewed` formatting (transport files
in flight on the client perf branch), `Utils.IsEqual<T>` object path for
structs (cold callers; changing it would mix `CompareTo` and `Equals`
semantics), Machinery `HasFlag` (startup config).

### Not changed here
- `BinaryEncoder.GetNodeIdEncoding` `Convert.ToUInt32(object)` /
`Convert.ToByte(enum)` (72 B per NodeId encode, largest single item) and
`ChannelAsyncOperation.Complete` boxing the `int` result are handled on
the client performance branch.
- By design: `Variant` / `NodeId` store `ArrayOf<T>`, Guid, ByteString
identifiers boxed (`Variant.Copy` re-boxes RolePermissions during
permission checks).

## Tests
- New `BinaryCodecAllocationTests`: round trips in buffer and stream
decoder mode, truncation errors, allocation per call (< 1 B/call over
20k calls; the counter can be off by an allocation quantum when other
tests GC).
- `Enum.ToObject` equivalence for `TryCastTo` and
`EventRecordFieldReaders.GetEnum` across all underlying types.
- net10.0 (third commit): Types 11465, affected Server 87, Client
subscription 642 passed; net48 Types 11458 passed, `UA.slnx` 0 warnings.
- net10.0: Types 11464, Core.Encoders 2947, Server 8386 passed; Core
6197 passed, 1 unrelated
(`ActivityTraceFlags_Metrics_ShouldRecordMetricsOnly`, passes alone).
- net48: Types 11457, Core.Encoders 2947, EventRecordFieldReaders 25
passed; `UA.slnx` builds with 0 warnings.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-09 14:35:57 +02:00
romanett 28f1401324 Server: cut request-path lock contention and allocation; add load harness (#4707)
Profiling the reference server under load showed most request-path CPU
spent spinning on contended locks, plus several avoidable allocations
per request or per node. This PR removes them, switches the reference
server to Server GC, and adds the load harness used to measure it.

## Results

Paired A/B against `master` (3 alternating rounds, medians, 20 sessions,
workstation GC on both sides, 24-core machine):

| Scenario | Throughput | p50 | p90 | Server CPU / op | Server alloc /
op | Lock contention |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Read, 1 value | **+45%** (94k → 137k req/s) | −20% | −46% | −37% |
−39% | −94% |
| Read, 100 values | **+40%** | −26% | −17% | −24% | −25% | +130% ¹ |
| Read, 100 values, SignAndEncrypt | **+48%** | −36% | −20% | −30% |
−26% | +106% ¹ |
| Browse (Server object) | **+33%** | −31% | −12% | −13% | −14% | −40% |
| Write, 100 values | +13% | −12% | −4% | −10% | −19% | −23% |
| Data-change subscriptions | ±0 ² | ≈ | ≈ | −14% | −17% | −29% |

¹ The faster server spends more time in the remaining per-node locks.
² Throughput is bounded by the writer rate in this scenario.

Separately, Server GC instead of workstation GC doubles Read-100
throughput (21k → 44k req/s) and cuts p90 from 2.1 ms to 0.6 ms, because
workstation GC paused the server for about half the wall time under
load. The working set grows from ~210 MB to ~430 MB.

## Changes

- **`ObjectPool<T>`**: lock-free slot array. `ConcurrentBag.Count` took
every per-thread lock on each `Return` of the pooled response value-task
source, once per request.
- **`FairRequestQueue`**:
- drops redundant gate entries: the fail-fast pre-checks and the stopped
check read volatile fields and are re-checked under the gate; the owner
count is folded into selection;
- coalesces wake pulses with a pending flag, so the bounded signal
channel's lock is only taken when no token is outstanding. Wake-count
semantics in the tests are unchanged.
- **`DefaultServerResourceIsolationProvider`**:
  - compares peer addresses without `GetAddressBytes()` allocations;
- builds the unsecured verification context only when a classifier is
configured.
- **TCP listener / channel**: caches the certificate DER copies per
channel, keyed on the certificate instance. `X509Certificate2.RawData`
returns a fresh copy on every access, and the listener read it for every
request.
- **`EndpointBase`**: resolves the request `ActivitySource` once instead
of `Assembly.GetCallingAssembly()` per request.
- **Node managers**:
- one `ServerSystemContext` copy per request (cached on the
`OperationContext`) for per-node callbacks: permission metadata, node
metadata, view membership, method lookup;
  - removes a discarded copy in `GetReferenceDescriptionAsync`;
- per-request operation caches are plain `Dictionary` instead of a
`ConcurrentDictionary` with 24 lock objects;
  - the validation cache is built in one pass;
  - fixes zero-capacity error lists.
- **`ResourceManager`**: translation lookups read an immutable snapshot
that is rebuilt after writes. Browse serialised on the global lock for
every display name.
- **`MonitoredItem`**: shares the default `DataChangeFilter` instead of
allocating one per sampled value.
- **Reference server**: `ServerGarbageCollection=true`; new "Garbage
collector mode" section in `docs/ServerScalability.md`.
- **`perf/`**: `ServerLoadHarness` (out-of-process server plus load
driver, server-side CPU/GC/alloc/contention deltas, optional
`dotnet-trace` capture), `TraceAnalyzer` (TraceEvent-based
CPU/allocation/contention aggregation), and paired A/B scripts. Not part
of `UA.slnx`.

### Behaviour notes for custom node managers
- The `IDictionary<NodeId, NodeState>` operation cache handed to
overrides is now a `Dictionary`. It was a `ConcurrentDictionary`, but
only one request flow uses it.
- Within one request, per-node callbacks of a node manager share one
`ServerSystemContext` copy.

### Later commits on this PR
- **Permission checks without `NodeMetadata`** (`9068684c3`): the
role-permission and access-restriction validators run on an internal
`PermissionMetadata` struct; `AsyncCustomNodeManager` fills it on the
stack from the same attributes and namespace defaults. Browse's
reference filter reads 3 attributes per target instead of 13. Read 100
values: 120.6 → 95.7 KB/request, ~21k → 26k req/s; Browse 67.6 → 51.8
KB, 26.7k → 29.8k req/s.
- **Read-only channel evidence** (`936b28d76`, `dc638ab9f`):
`SecureChannelContext.ClientChannelCertificate`,
`ServerChannelCertificate` and `ChannelThumbprint` are `ByteString`, so
the cached per-channel certificate buffer is shared without a copy and
cannot be altered by handlers or classifiers. **Public API change**, see
the new section in `docs/MigrationGuide.md`. The isolation provider's
revalidation snapshot still copies.
- **Session lookup** (`936b28d76`):
`SessionManager.TryGetSessionContext` takes the candidate snapshot
without the bindings lock; the validating check under the lock is
unchanged (2 instead of 4 global lock acquisitions per request).
- Unit tests for `ObjectPool`, the per-request system context cache, the
translation snapshot, `SecureChannelContext` null semantics and a
stopped `FairRequestQueue`; `perf/` follows the repository conventions.

## Testing
- `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` (net10.0): 8386 passed before the `ByteString`
change. After it, 13 secure-session and isolation tests failed; both
causes are fixed in `dc638ab9f` and those tests (25 with their variants)
pass. A full rerun of the Server, Sessions, Core, Redundancy, LDS and
GDS suites on the final commit is in progress.
- Full solution builds for net10.0 and net48; `dotnet format whitespace`
clean.

### o6-automation opcua-benchmarks (sampling, deep pipelines)
Replicated both tests of the [o6-automation
benchmark](https://github.com/o6-automation/opcua-benchmarks) in the
harness (`--scenario counters`, and `read` with 10 clients × N
outstanding), paired against `origin/master`:

| Test | master | this PR |
|---|---|---|
| Subscription sampling, 100 Hz, every item ≥ 99 % of samples, 1 item |
FAIL (75–94 %) | PASS (100 %) |
| same, 1024 items | FAIL (64–73 %) | PASS (99.9 %) |
| same, capacity | — | between 4096 and 6144 items (~410–520k samples/s)
|
| Read, 10 clients × 100 outstanding, None | stalls (0–1.7k req/s) |
121–131k req/s |
| Read, 10 clients × 100 outstanding, SignAndEncrypt | stalls (0 req/s)
| 89–91k req/s |
| Read, 10 clients × 1000 outstanding | channels faulted
(`BadTcpNotEnoughResources`) | 0 errors, ~45–54k req/s |

- **Fixed-rate sampling** (`30b769d13`): the sampling loop waited one
interval after each sample, adding timer overshoot and sampling time to
every cycle; samples now have absolute deadlines.
- **Async response send** (`cdac5c5ca`): `SendResponse` blocked
thread-pool workers on the channel gate; with many requests in flight
the receive loop that was handed the gate waited for a pool thread and
the channel stalled. The TCP, Kestrel TCP and WebSocket listeners now
use `SendResponseAsync`.
- **Backpressure instead of channel fault** (`191cd2ba7`): server
channels stop reading while more than 100 responses are queued and
resume at 50, instead of faulting the channel. Client channels keep
reading. At 10,000 outstanding requests throughput is ~50k req/s with or
without the limit engaged, so the remaining gap to the 100-per-client
case is not the backpressure.

## Not changed
- `SentMessageQueue` deep-clones every `NotificationMessage`. Retained
messages return their pooled payloads on acknowledgement while the
response copy may still be queued for send, and a client can acknowledge
a sequence number before receiving it; the clone keeps a recycled
payload from reaching another session's response. Removing it needs a
send-completion hook from the transport.
- Generated responses allocate a default `ResponseHeader` that is
replaced (~2-3 % of per-request allocation). Fixing it means making
structure fields of every generated type lazily initialized, a
generator-wide change to default values, equality and encoding.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-09 13:00:49 +02:00
romanett 1da9fc0543 Redundancy.Server session mirroring: fix fast reconnect lifecycle (#4627) (#4704)
Fixes #4627 — the eight Redundancy.Server session mirroring defects
(HotAndMirrored fast reconnect).

## Changes

| ID | Fix |
|----|-----|
| RS-1 | The owning replica mirrors a liveness heartbeat
(`LastContactAt`), written at most once per quarter of the session
timeout while the client uses the session
(`DistributedSessionOptions.LivenessInterval`, default 1 s). A restore
expires the timeout after the later of the last activation and the last
mirrored contact, plus the heartbeat's maximum lag. |
| RS-2 | Entries record their owning replica (`OwnerId`). Only the owner
mirrors and deletes the entry. A restore takes ownership with a
conditional write. A stale copy on the previous replica is dropped
without deleting the entry, both when its heartbeat sees the change and
when the client fails back to it. `ISharedSessionStore` gains
`TryReplaceAsync`, `TryRemoveAsync` and `EnumerateAsync`. Over a store
without CAS (the CRDT gossip store) they fall back to
compare-then-write. |
| RS-3 | A restored session keeps the SessionId from `CreateSession`:
`Session.RequestedId`, and `DiagnosticsNodeManager` honours a requested
id when it is free. `DistributedSessionManager` mints GUID SessionIds
that are unique across the replica set. Continuation points therefore
stay under one owner id across repeated failovers. |
| RS-4 | Sessions whose user token is encrypted with an ECC/RSA-DH
EphemeralKey are flagged. Their restore is rejected up front
(`EphemeralKeyUnavailable`), before anything is consumed or counted as a
failed authentication. The documented option from the issue was chosen
over mirroring ephemeral private keys. |
| RS-5 | New `SessionManager.AdmitRestoredSessionAsync` hook: the
mirrored nonce is consumed only after the restored activation has passed
the signature, identity and continuity checks. If a restored session's
first activation fails, the session is discarded without the virtual
close, so the shared entry is untouched. Restored copies that are not
admitted now also release their diagnostics node, and
`CurrentSessionCount` is balanced for restored sessions. |
| RS-6 | Expired entries are deleted on restore and by a periodic sweep
(`SweepInterval`, default 5 min). The sweep also purges consumed-nonce
markers that no live entry references and that are older than
`NonceMarkerRetention` (default 1 h), via
`ISingleUseNonceRegistry.PurgeAsync`. |
| RS-7 | `SharedKeyValueSessionStore` and
`DistributedSessionManagerFactory` now throw for an external store
without an `IRecordProtector`, as the DI registration already does. Pass
`NullRecordProtector.Instance` to opt out explicitly. |
| RS-8 | Entries carry the original server certificate. A restored
session accepts a client signature over either that certificate or its
own one (`Session.OriginalServerCertificate`). |

Entries are now written at `SecurityStateVersion` 5. Entries at versions
3 and 4 can still be restored, without an owner.

### API changes (Redundancy.Server)
- New members on `ISharedSessionStore` and `ISingleUseNonceRegistry`.
- An optional `TimeProvider` parameter on
`SharedSingleUseNonceRegistry`.
- New `DistributedSessionOptions` properties.
- `SharedSessionEntry` v5 fields.
- `SharedKeyValueSessionStore` and `DistributedSessionManagerFactory`
throw for external stores without a protector.

## Tests
- New unit tests for every finding: the
restore/heartbeat/ownership/sweep/SessionId paths of
`DistributedSessionManager`; store conditional writes, the CAS fallback
and v5 round-trips; the registry purge; the factory/store guard; base
`SessionRestoreTests` (admitted once, discarded on validation failure or
rejected admission); and `SessionOriginalServerCertificateTests`.
- New end-to-end test
`SessionUsedPastItsTimeoutFailsOverWithItsSessionIdAsync`. The client
uses the session for 2× its timeout, then fails over. The test checks
that the SessionId is preserved and that the standby serves that
SessionId and owns the entry. It also closes the stale copy and checks
the entry survives. With the heartbeat disabled, the test fails as
expected.
- Local net10.0 runs: Redundancy.Server.Tests 883/883, Server.Tests 8347
passed / 5 skipped, Sessions.Tests 849 passed / 379 skipped (the usual
baseline). The net48 build is clean. The Redundancy session tests pass
on net48; the ECC-only cases are skipped there.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-08 21:54:14 +02:00
romanett d552634258 Enable ECC security policies on net48 via a BouncyCastle raw-ECDH polyfill (#4703)
Closes #4510.

## Summary

OPC UA Part 6 feeds the **raw** ECDH shared secret into HKDF. .NET
Framework only exposes `ECDiffieHellman.DeriveKeyMaterial`, which always
hashes it, so the ECC SecureChannel and user-token policies were
unavailable on `net48` (`SecurityPolicies.GetInfo` returned `null`).

This adds a BouncyCastle polyfill for just that primitive:

-
**`Opc.Ua.Security.Certificates/Org.BouncyCastle/EcdhRawAgreement.cs`**
(`net48` only): an internal `DeriveRawSecretAgreement(this
ECDiffieHellman, ECDiffieHellmanPublicKey)` extension using
`ECDHBasicAgreement`. It returns the X coordinate padded to the field
size, exactly like the .NET 8 BCL method. Keys stay CNG keys; ECDSA
signatures and HKDF stay on the platform — only the agreement step is
managed code. The point is validated (on curve, not infinity) and
mismatched curves are rejected.
- Because the extension mirrors the .NET 8 signature,
`Nonce.GenerateSecret` now has one code path on every target.
- `SupportsRawEccSecretAgreement()` is removed; the CBC-based ECC
policies (`ECC_nistP256`, `ECC_nistP384`, `ECC_brainpoolP256r1`,
`ECC_brainpoolP384r1`) are offered on every target (still subject to OS
curve support).
- BouncyCastle was already a `net48` dependency of
`Opc.Ua.Security.Certificates`; no new package. (Only `net48` is
downlevel now — `netstandard2.1`/`net472` from the issue text are no
longer targets.)

**Not in scope:** the `_AesGcm` / `_ChaChaPoly` ECC variants (and PubSub
DTLS) still need .NET 8 because .NET Framework has no AEAD ciphers —
follow-up stacked on this branch.

## Docs

`EccProfiles.md` (Known limitations), `migrate/2.0.x/certificates.md`,
`ProductionChecklist.md`, `Profiles.md`, `WhatsNewIn2.0.md`. Calls out
that on `net48` the agreement step does not run in a FIPS/validated
module.

## Tests (local)

| Suite | Result |
|---|---|
| `Opc.Ua.Core.Tests` full, net48 | 5956 passed, 0 failed |
| `EccInteropTests` net48 vs 1.5.378 peer (net8.0, native raw ECDH) | 26
passed; 28 skipped (AEAD + curve25519/448) — all four CBC curves, both
directions, UserName tokens, token renewal |
| `Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests` ECC filter, net48 | 52 passed, 0 failed |
| Server `SessionCoverageTests`/`EphemeralNonce*`, Configuration builder
tests, net48 | all pass |
| Nonce/ECC/EncryptedSecret + session tests, net10.0 | all pass |

New tests: symmetric agreement on all four curves; on net48 an oracle
against CNG (`SHA256(raw) == DeriveKeyFromHash`); curve mismatch and
off-curve rejection. Tests that asserted the old net48 limitation were
updated.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-08 21:52:44 +02:00
romanett 78e66f3473 Aggregates: TreatUncertainAsBad never applies to bounding values; DurationGood/Bad count Good/Bad regions only (#4702)
# Description

Server-side aggregate fixes that follow three answers from the OPC
Foundation on Mantis:
- [11462](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11462)
(~0025840): TreatUncertainAsBad does not apply to bounding values.
- [11425](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11425)
(~0025847): DurationGood counts only Good regions and DurationBad only
Bad regions, and TreatUncertainAsBad does not apply.
- [11426](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11426)
(~0025852): Minimum, Maximum, the ActualTime variants and Range look at
Uncertain values as if they are Good.

The principle in 11425 and 11426 is that the aggregate definition wins
over TreatUncertainAsBad. The CTT-side defects are filed as
[11487](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11487).

### Bounding values (`AggregateCalculator`,
`StartEndAggregateCalculator`)
- Simple (§3.1.9) and Interpolated (§3.1.8) Bounding Values are formed
from **non-Bad** raw values (`IsBoundCandidate`), whatever
TreatUncertainAsBad is.
- An Uncertain raw value before or after the timestamp makes the bound
`UncertainDataSubNormal`.
- A raw value exactly at the timestamp is the bound and keeps its own
status.
- Only a **Bad** value after a Simple bound reverts to stepped
interpolation.
- StartBound/EndBound keep an Uncertain bound instead of `Bad_NoData`
(Tables 76/77).
- WorstQuality2 now includes an Uncertain start bound, as §5.4.3.36
requires ("the server shall ignore the TreatUncertainAsBad for this
aggregate").

### How aggregates use the values (unchanged rule, two gaps closed)
TreatUncertainAsBad still governs how an aggregate uses the values
inside the interval, including an Uncertain bound.
- `GetRegionsInValueSet` now also converts an Uncertain **first** region
to Bad for Simple-bound aggregates. TimeAverage2/Total2 therefore omit
it like any other Uncertain region (§5.4.3.7, Table 55 "Bound
Uncertain").
- TimeAverage/Total (Interpolated bounds) still use an Uncertain bound
and report Uncertain (Table 54).
- TimeAverage2/Total2 return the PercentTime status `Bad` instead of
`Bad_NoData` for an interval that has data but only omitted data
(§5.4.3.2.1).
- Minimum2/Maximum2 are unchanged: an Uncertain bound is a candidate
only when TreatUncertainAsBad is false (§5.4.3.15).

### NumberOfTransitions (`CountAggregateCalculator`)
§5.4.3.24 speaks only of "non-Bad" values, and Table 72 says "Bound
Uncertain: Use as value". So:
- Uncertain values are counted and can be the previous value, whatever
TreatUncertainAsBad is.
- The previous value is the nearest non-Bad value before the interval
(the early bound).

This reverses an earlier change that made NumberOfTransitions honour
TreatUncertainAsBad.

### Minimum, Maximum, MinimumActualTime, MaximumActualTime, Range
(`MinMaxAggregateCalculator`)
Per the 11426 answer:
- Every non-Bad value is a candidate, whatever TreatUncertainAsBad is.
- An Uncertain extremum is returned with `UncertainDataSubNormal` plus
Calculated. ActualTime keeps the timestamp of the first such value.
- Otherwise the status is Good unless the interval contains Bad values
(then `UncertainDataSubNormal`); it is `BadNoData` if all values are
Bad.
- Range is max − min over the non-Bad values. It is Uncertain if either
extremum is Uncertain or Bad values exist.

Before this change the server ignored an Uncertain value beyond the Good
extremum and returned the Good one with an Uncertain status.
Minimum2/Maximum2/Range2 are unchanged, because §5.4.3.15 ties them to
TreatUncertainAsBad explicitly.

### DurationGood/DurationBad/PercentGood/PercentBad
(`StatusAggregateCalculator`)
- A region is Good only if its data point is Good, and Bad only if it is
Bad.
- Uncertain counts for neither (§5.4.3.31–34).
- The first region still takes the status of the raw value at or before
the start.

### Tests
- New `Aggregates/BoundingValueTreatUncertainAsBadTests`: DeltaBounds,
StartBound/EndBound, TimeAverage2/Total2, Interpolative,
NumberOfTransitions (forward and reverse),
DurationGood/Bad/PercentGood/Bad.
- New Min/Max test for Bad-only and Bad-next-to-Good intervals.
- Updated tests that encoded the old interpretation:
  - Interpolative with an Uncertain raw value at the start: 2 tests.
  - Duration/Percent Good/Bad: 2 tests.
  - NumberOfTransitions with TreatUncertainAsBad: 2 tests.
- Minimum/Maximum/Range with an Uncertain extremum or only Uncertain
values: 2 tests in Server.Tests, 1 in History.Tests.
- `ProcessedReadUsesAdvertisedNodeAggregateDefaultsAsync`: it now probes
the TreatUncertainAsBad default with Count, because PercentGood no
longer depends on it.

### CTT verification
CTT 1.05.513 with the patched scripts (c3674ff, which encode the
11462/11425/11426 answers), Aggregates part (p06):

| Server | Errors | Warnings | Pass | NotImpl |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| master fa06c66db | 185 | 1 | 1078 | 3 |
| this branch (854769a0c) | **0** | 2 | 1262 | 3 |

The 185 errors on master break down as:
- Bounds: DeltaBounds 9, StartBound 12, EndBound 12, WorstQuality2 11,
TimeAverage2 5, Total2 5, Interpolative 1.
- Duration*/Percent*: DurationBad 18, PercentBad 18, DurationGood 4,
PercentGood 4.
- Minimum/Maximum/MinimumActualTime/MaximumActualTime/Range: 70.
- NumberOfTransitions: 16.

The 2 warnings on this branch are ActivateSession response-delay
warnings in `initialize.js`, caused by machine load.

Alarms & Conditions (p18) failed intermittently on PR builds: in the
Refresh2, Shelving and Exclusive/Non-Exclusive Level CUs, subscriptions
were lost or filtered events were missing. The same clean build of
854769a0c failed once (3 errors) and passed once (0 errors). The PR with
`src/Opc.Ua.Server/Aggregates` reverted passed, and master passes too.
These failures are A&C flakiness on a heavily loaded shared machine and
are not caused by this PR, whose code runs only in HistoryRead and
aggregate-filter MonitoredItems.

Full 23-part CTT run against this branch (854769a0c, patched scripts
c3674ff/c341918): **1 error in total**, GDS Application Directory
`019.js`, a known CTT native-stack defect (Mantis 11409) that also fails
on master. Aggregates (p06) and Alarms & Conditions (p18) have 0 errors,
and no test case went from Pass to Error compared with master.

### Reviewer notes
- §3.1.7 says *"In all cases the TreatUncertainAsBad (see 4.2.1.2) flag
is used to determine whether Uncertain values are Bad or non-Bad."* This
branch follows the answer to 11462, which states that the flag does not
apply to bounding values. This is documented in `plans/ctt-issues.md`
(U4).
- TimeAverage2/Total2 still apply TreatUncertainAsBad to an Uncertain
start bound when they use it: Table 55 says "Bound Uncertain: Treated as
any other Uncertain value", and the definition omits non-Good data. This
includes a start bound that is Uncertain only because the raw value
after it is Bad.
- Not in scope: `CastToOriginalType` uses `Convert.ToInt32(double)`
(banker's rounding), whereas Part 4 §7.7.3 says to add 0.5 and truncate.
The two differ only at .5 and for negative values.

## Related Issues

- Mantis 11462, 11425 (answers implemented), 11487 (CTT side)

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
(Aggregate/Historian tests of Opc.Ua.Server.Tests and
Opc.Ua.History.Tests on net10.0; net48 build only)
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-08 21:49:13 +02:00
romanett 9b034f8291 Enable nullable reference types centrally; migrate all unset and annotations-only projects (#4700)
# Description

Nullable reference types are now enabled once, in `common.props`, and
every project in the repository builds warning-clean with them.

**Configuration**
- `<Nullable>enable</Nullable>` lives in `common.props`. All per-project
`<Nullable>` settings are removed: 178 project files (enable,
annotations, and the `disable` in the three Aot test projects).
- 419 per-file `#nullable enable`/`restore` directives and the 4
`#nullable disable` directives are removed.
- Kept on purpose:
- The 5 `<auto-generated>` schema files (`UANodeSet.cs`, `UA Type
Dictionary.cs`, `OPCBinarySchema.cs`, `SecuredApplication.cs`,
`PInvokeHelper.cs`) keep `#nullable enable`. The compiler ignores the
project setting in generated code, so the directive is required there.
- `tests/Opc.Ua.Interop.LegacyPeer` keeps `disable`. It builds against
the 1.5.378 packages and does not import the repository props.
- `docs/DeveloperGuide.md` and `.github/copilot-instructions.md` now
describe the central setting.

**Migration** (the 43 unset and 13 annotations-only projects, roughly
10k diagnostics)
- **Production code: annotated at the declarations.** Covers
`tools/Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Core`, `src/Opc.Ua.Lds.Server` and the
LDS sample.
- Members, parameters and returns are nullable where null actually
flows.
- Null-check helpers carry `[NotNullWhen]` (`IsNull`, `IsValidXmlName`,
`IsMethodTypeDesign`).
- `CoreUtils.Format`, `Utils.Format`, `ITemplateWriter.WriteLine` take
`params object?[]`. `Template.AddReplacement` takes `string?` (rendering
already skips null replacements).
- `IRegisteredServerStore.RegisterAsync` returns
`Task<RegistrationEntry?>`: it returns null when a registration is
removed.
- Dereferences backed by an invariant (for example, the validated model)
use `!`, so runtime behaviour is unchanged.
- **Behavioural changes in production code** (small, deliberate):
- `NodeSetToModelDesign` throws `InvalidOperationException` when the
file is not a NodeSet. Before, it threw a NullReferenceException on the
next line.
- `ModelDesignValidator` starts its lookup tables empty instead of null.
A redundant `if (m_nodes == null) return;` guard is gone.
- **Test code: minimal annotations.**
  - `?` on values that can be null, `!` where the test asserts non-null.
  - `= null!` for fixture members assigned in SetUp.
- `TryGetStructure<T>(out T? x)` where the inferred `T?` broke the
`IEncodeable` constraint.
- A few redundant `== null` checks on structs (`NodeId`, `ArrayOf<T>`)
folded into the adjacent `IsNull`/`Count` checks.

**Notes for reviewers**
- The diff is large (~1,500 files) but almost entirely mechanical: `?`,
`!` and directive removal. The non-annotation changes are listed above.
- Known follow-up, not done here:
`IModelDesign.Namespaces/TargetNamespace/NamespaceUris` stay
non-nullable even though the validator returns null before it loads a
dictionary. Making them nullable would ripple through every generator
call site.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4439

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

The "no new warnings" box covers net10.0 and net48: full non-incremental
builds of `UA.slnx`, `tools/SourceGeneration.slnx`,
`tools/MigrationAnalyzer.slnx` and the Aot test projects finished with 0
warnings and 0 errors under the repository's warnings-as-errors
settings. net9.0 and net8.0 also had no nullable diagnostics, but they
were not rebuilt after the final fixes. Tests have not been run locally
yet.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-08 08:48:13 +02:00
Klaus Landsdorf fa55157ce4 Server: hold anonymous session-less requests to the channel security of CreateSession (#4689)
# Description

`AddSessionlessInvocation(o => o.AllowAnonymous = true)` (#4659) lets a
request without an Access Token run as an anonymous user. OPC 10000-4
§6.3.1 allows that only "if application authentication through the
SecureChannel is sufficient". On HTTPS the channel gave no such
authentication: on an endpoint with mutual TLS and a SignAndEncrypt
policy, a session-less request without a TLS client certificate and
without an Access Token was answered `Good`, over the REST binding and
over the binary POST with `OPCUA-SecurityPolicy: Basic256Sha256`.
`CreateSession` on the same endpoint answers `Bad_SecurityChecksFailed`
without the certificate, and ActivateSession on a new channel does too
(OPC 10000-6 §7.4.1: applications that use HTTPS and require application
authentication check the application certificates during the
CreateSession/ActivateSession handshake).

This PR makes a session-less request without an Access Token meet what
the endpoint demands of a Session. #4659 is merged, in no release tag
and opt-in, so this is a change to a new feature; the default
`AllowAnonymous = false` is not affected.

## Changes

### `SessionManager.ValidateSessionlessRequestAsync`
(`src/Opc.Ua.Server/Session/SessionManager.cs`)

With `AllowAnonymous`, a request without an Access Token now needs:

| Check | Where it applies | Status otherwise | Same as |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| The client certificate of the channel
(`SecureChannelContext.ClientChannelCertificate`) | endpoints with a
security mode or policy other than None, and HTTPS endpoints when
`HttpsMutualTls` is set | `Bad_SecurityChecksFailed` | CreateSession on
the HTTPS listener; ActivateSession on a new channel |
| An Anonymous user token policy on the endpoint (an endpoint without
policies does not restrict) | every endpoint |
`Bad_IdentityTokenRejected` | ActivateSession with an anonymous identity
token |
| An endpoint on the channel | every request |
`Bad_SecurityModeInsufficient` | the same request with an Access Token |

- The certificate is the one the transport has validated: the
SecureChannel certificate of opc.tcp and opc.wss, the TLS client
certificate of the HTTPS listener (REST, binary, JSON). So opc.tcp
channels with security keep working as they did, and an HTTPS client
that wants an anonymous session-less call presents its application
certificate in the TLS handshake.
- An HTTPS listener without `HttpsMutualTls` advertises SecurityMode
None without an Anonymous user token policy (`HttpsServiceHost`); an
anonymous session-less request there is now rejected as an anonymous
Session is.
- A request **with an Access Token** is unchanged: the token
authenticates the caller and HTTPS keeps it confidential (HTTPS clients
are not required to present a certificate, OPC 10000-6 §7.4.1). A
`ValidateSessionLessRequest` handler still takes over completely.
- Not changed: the transport credential authentication of the REST
routes (#4674).

`SessionlessInvocationOptions.AllowAnonymous` documents the rule.
`docs/SessionlessInvocation.md` has a new section "Anonymous requests
and the channel" with the table.

### Tests

- `tests/Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests/SessionlessChannelSecurityTests.cs` (new,
net8.0+): a real reference server with an HTTPS listener, twice (mutual
TLS on with a SignAndEncrypt-only endpoint; mutual TLS off), over REST
and the binary POST, with and without a TLS client certificate:
anonymous without a certificate, with a certificate, `AllowAnonymous =
false`, a valid and a bogus Access Token, and CreateSession on the
binary POST without the certificate for comparison. 44 cases.
- `tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests/SessionlessInvocationTests.cs`: opc.tcp
with and without a channel certificate (Sign, SignAndEncrypt, None),
HTTPS with and without mutual TLS and with a secured endpoint, user
token policies with and without Anonymous, no endpoint, an Access Token
and a handler without a certificate. The existing tests that use
`AllowAnonymous` set `HttpsMutualTls = false` or give the channel an
endpoint.
- Fail without the change: 7 of the 9 new `SessionlessInvocationTests`
cases fail with the `SessionManager.cs` change removed (the opc.tcp with
security, HTTPS with and without mutual TLS, user token policy and
unknown endpoint tests); the 6 failing `SessionlessChannelSecurityTests`
cases are below.

## Testing

- **Reproduction on master (`c03c12838`)**:
`SessionlessChannelSecurityTests` without the change: 6 of 44 cases
fail, 38 pass. With mutual TLS on and no TLS client certificate the
anonymous request is answered `Good` instead of
`Bad_SecurityChecksFailed` (REST and binary). With mutual TLS off it is
answered `Good` instead of `Bad_IdentityTokenRejected` (REST and binary,
with and without a certificate). All 44 pass with the change; the Access
Token cases pass both ways.
- Results on macOS: `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` full run on net10.0 8197
passed / 9 skipped / 0 failed; the session-less and SessionManager
filters 139 passed / 0 failed on net10.0 and on net8.0.
`Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests` with the HTTPS/WebApi/Sessionless filters 125
passed / 0 failed on net10.0 and on net8.0, and with the
Wss/OpenApi/ClientTest filters 320 passed / 241 skipped / 0 failed on
net10.0.
- Builds: `Opc.Ua.Server`, `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` and
`Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests` for net48, net8.0, net9.0 and net10.0: 0
warnings, 0 errors.
- `dotnet format` (whitespace, style, analyzers `--severity info`, one
`--include` per changed file): no finding on a changed line (CA1849 at
`SessionManager.cs` 235 is on master).
- Coverage (`.azurepipelines/check-coverage.ps1` against master,
session-less and SessionManager tests of `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` on
net10.0): patch 36/36 changed lines (100 %). The project floor is not
meaningful for this subset.
- CI and CodeQL on the PR branch: [CI run
37529750287](https://github.com/biancode/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37529750287)
green (158/158 jobs, incl. macOS and Windows net48), [CodeQL run
37529754883](https://github.com/biancode/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37529754883)
green, on `03a8e3d91`.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4688
- Relates to #4659 (session-less invocation), #4657 (the REST binding's
session-less service set) and #4674 (REST authentication)

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed. (Affected
suites on net10.0 and net8.0 locally on macOS; .NET Framework is covered
by the branch CI's Windows net48 legs.)
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Copilot Autofix powered by AI <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-07 08:55:53 +00:00
romanett 5572107ab8 Push Model compliance: UpdateCertificate issuer check, TrustList audit events, NoConfiguration state, DefaultHttpsGroup (#4684)
# Description

Fixes found by a manual run of the OPC 10000-12 *Push Model for Global
Certificate and TrustList Management* test plan (183 test cases,
TC0–TC182) against the Reference Server. After these changes no test
case fails; the remaining non-pass verdicts are test-plan expectations
that contradict Part 12/Part 4/Part 20 (documented in the run report).

### Server behaviour changes

- **UpdateCertificate requires the issuer in the TrustList**
(`ConfigurationNodeManager.PushValidation.cs`). The validator classifies
an incomplete chain as suppressible; OPC 10000-4 Table 100 does not ("An
error during the chain creation may not be suppressed") and §7.10.5
requires the issuers to already be in the group's TrustList. A
certificate of an unknown CA is now rejected with
`Bad_CertificateChainIncomplete`. Expiry / host-name errors stay ignored
as §7.10.5 requires.
- **TrustList audit events reach the Server Object.**
`TrustListUpdateRequested`/`TrustListUpdated` were reported on the
TrustList node (`EventNotifier=0`, not linked to the Server), so no
client could receive them. `TrustList.SetAuditEventServer` routes them
through `IAuditEventServer`; wired for the Push TrustLists and the GDS
CertificateGroup TrustLists. New `AuditEvents` overloads keep the
node-based ones.
- **Duplicate AddCertificate** no longer makes the following
ApplyChanges fail with a bare `Bad` (store refused the second copy); the
commit is idempotent and its rollback keeps the pre-existing
certificate.
- **CloseAndUpdate validates CRLs** (incl. CRL-only updates): every CRL
must be signed by a CA of the new TrustList (§7.8.2.5). Previously an
unknown/forged CRL passed CloseAndUpdate and only failed ApplyChanges.
- **X.509 v1 certificates are rejected** by
CloseAndUpdate/AddCertificate/UpdateCertificate (OPC 10000-6 §6.2.2; new
`X509Utils.IsX509Version3`).
- **Application setup state (Annex G.2):** new
`StandardServer.StartupServerState` (virtual); the DI host returns
`NoConfiguration` when `ServerConfigurationOptions.InApplicationSetup ==
true`. `IsRunning` and `NodeManagerLifecycle` treat `NoConfiguration` as
operational. The Reference Server `--provision` mode starts in
`NoConfiguration` and exposes `InApplicationSetup=TRUE`.
- **DefaultHttpsGroup:** the group is only created when Https stores are
configured — the Reference Server config had none, so its
`opc.https`/`opc.wss` endpoints used the RSA application certificate
with an empty TLS trust list and the Https certificate could not be
pushed. The sample config now declares
`HttpsIssuerCertificates`/`TrustedHttpsCertificates` and an
`HttpsCertificateType` certificate (new `CertificateTypeString` value
`Https`). An Https certificate is assigned to DefaultHttpsGroup only (no
longer also listed in DefaultApplicationGroup). Fixed
`AddSecurityConfigurationHttpsStore`, which built the trusted Https
store path from the store *type*.
- Minor: AddCertificate logs a warning when it adds a CA without a CRL
while `RejectUnknownRevocationStatus` is enabled; UpdateCertificate
refused for an insufficient SecureChannel raises
`CertificateUpdateRequestedAuditEvent` with Status=false.

### Kept on purpose
- PEM certificates are accepted (converted to DER).
- `Bad_NotWritable` when opening an already open TrustList (OPC 10000-20
§4.2.2) and for AddCertificate while a read handle is open (§7.8.2.6).
- No validation rules for DefaultUserTokenGroup / DefaultHttpsGroup
TrustLists (Part 12 defines them only for ApplicationCertificateType
groups).

### Notes for reviewers
- Existing tests in `ConfigurationNodeManagerPushTests` and
`PushCertificateRequestRegressionTests` signed pushed certificates with
CAs that were not in the TrustList; they now trust their CA first
(behaviour change above).
- Adding the Https certificate to
`Quickstarts.ReferenceServer.Config.xml` gives the Reference Server's
opc.https/opc.wss endpoints their own TLS certificate.

### Tests
-
`tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests/Configuration/PushComplianceRegressionTests.cs`
— duplicate add/rollback, PEM, v1/v3, CRL issuer/forged/CRL-only, audit
routing.
- `tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests/ApplicationSetupServerStateTests.cs` —
NoConfiguration startup state.
- `tests/Opc.Ua.Gds.Tests/PushComplianceTests.cs` — end-to-end over a
secure channel: TrustList transaction lifecycle, open-handle rules,
masked reads, duplicate/PEM add, unknown CRL issuer, unknown certificate
issuer, cross-Session CSR key, nonce rules, RemoveCertificate chain/CRL
handling. Mutation-checked: reverting the issuer, duplicate-add and CRL
fixes makes the corresponding tests fail.
- Additional cases in `PushCertificateRequestRegressionTests`,
`CertificateIdentifierTests`, `ApplicationConfigurationBuilderTests`.

Local runs (net10.0): Opc.Ua.Gds.Tests 1257 passed / 0 failed / 56
skipped; Opc.Ua.Server.Tests push/TrustList/audit/lifecycle subset 1209
passed; Core and Configuration test classes passed. net48 build of the
affected test projects succeeds; `dotnet format whitespace` clean.

## Related Issues

- None (findings from a manual Push Model compliance run).

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [ ] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-06 18:48:02 +00:00
Copilot c03c128384 Treat code analysis (CA) warnings as errors and fix all surfaced analyzer warnings (#4680)
# Description

`TreatWarningsAsErrors` was already enabled, but
`CodeAnalysisTreatWarningsAsErrors` was `false`, so Microsoft Code
Analysis (`CAxxxx`) warnings were non-fatal. This PR sets it to `true`
in `common.props` and fixes all 55 analyzer warnings the net10.0 build
reported.

**Production code**
- `SamplingGroup.cs`: CA2213 is a false positive here because the
detached `CancellationTokenSource` is disposed by `CancelSamplingLoop`
once the loop completes. It is suppressed with a pragma, a justification
and a TODO, following the existing pattern in
`ServerBase.RequestQueue.cs`.

**Tests**
- CA1861: constant array arguments are moved to `static readonly` fields
or replaced with `ArrayOf<T>` collection expressions. In the legacy
interop server I used locals instead, because those arrays become node
values that writes can change in place.
- CA2025: tasks that finish before disposal (`Assert.ThrowsAsync`, or
awaited before `using` scope exit) are suppressed with justification
comments, following existing test patterns.
- CA1812: classes created by the DI container are suppressed with a
comment and a TODO.
- CA2208: benchmark switch defaults now throw
`InvalidOperationException`.
- CA1845: `Substring(0, 8)` is replaced with `[..8]`.
- CA1307: `string.Replace` is replaced with `Split`/`Join`, which also
works on net48.
- CA5394: `Random` is replaced with `RandomNumberGenerator`.

**Docs**
- `docs/DeveloperGuide.md` now says CA warnings also fail the build, and
that any suppression needs a comment explaining why plus a TODO.

**Validation**
- I fixed the 55 warnings from a net10.0 build of `UA.slnx`
(`CustomTestTarget=net10.0`). That build ran before the setting was
turned on, and I have not rebuilt net10.0 since the fixes.
- `CustomTestTarget=net48` build of `UA.slnx`: 0 warnings, 0 errors.
- I also started a full build across all target frameworks with the
setting on. Its log showed no errors or warnings while it ran, but I
couldn't read its final result.
- No tests have been run yet; CI should confirm the multi-TFM build and
the tests.

## Related Issues

- N/A

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: romanett <7413710+romanett@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-06 18:54:28 +02:00
romanett 21e04bdba5 Make Bad_CertificateChainIncomplete unsuppressible; add UpdateCertificate renewal regression tests (#4683)
# Description

Follow-up to the master378 fix in #4678 (CTT: application certificate
renewal must use the configured trust stores). Master already ignores
the supplied `issuerCertificates` for the default application group (OPC
10000-12 §7.10.5), but it had no regression tests for CA-signed
renewals. While adding them I found a real gap:

**The validator treated `Bad_CertificateChainIncomplete` as
suppressible.** OPC 10000-4 Table 100 (Build Certificate Chain) says:
"An error during the chain creation may not be suppressed." §6.1.3 adds:
"Processing fails with Bad_SecurityChecksFailed if an element in the
chain cannot be found." UpdateCertificate for the application group
accepts every *suppressible* error (as §7.10.5 requires). As a result it
accepted a renewal signed by a CA that is **not** in the TrustList and
was only passed in the ignored issuer list, which is exactly what
§7.10.5 rules out.

## Changes
- `CertificateValidationCore`: remove `BadCertificateChainIncomplete`
from the suppressible status codes. An accept callback (`AcceptError`)
is no longer asked about it.
- `TrustList`: remove the local workaround that filtered out this error;
plain "accept suppressible errors" is now enough.
- Docs (`Certificates.md`, `CertificateManager.md`): drop it from the
suppressible list, and fix a sample that suppressed it.

## Tests
- `ConfigurationNodeManagerPushTests`:
- A CA-signed renewal with the CA installed succeeds with a missing,
empty, unrelated or malformed issuer list, and the trust stores stay
unchanged.
- A renewal whose CA is only supplied as an issuer is rejected with
`BadCertificateChainIncomplete`; stores and the current certificate are
untouched.
- End to end on an isolated server: a CA-signed renewal with no issuer
list is committed through ApplyChanges.
- `ConfigurationNodeManagerPushValidationTests`: the group TrustList
validator accepts a CA from the trusted or issuer store and rejects an
uninstalled CA.
- `CertificateValidationCoreTests` / `CertificateValidatorTest`:
- An incomplete chain is unsuppressible and never reaches the callback.
- A leaf trusted directly **stays valid when the peer supplies its CA**
(§6.1.3: chain certificates "may be provided with the application
Certificate").
- One existing test attached its approver only after validating, so it
never exercised suppression; it now validates with the approver
attached.
- Tests that only passed because of the bug
(`PushCertificateRequestRegressionTests`, the regenerated-key helper and
the rollback test) now install the signing CA in the TrustList first.

The two new rejection tests fail on master and pass with this change.

## Reviewer notes / behavior change
This was suppressible in 1.5.x as well. Application code whose accept
handler approved a CA-signed peer certificate without its CA (CA neither
installed nor sent by the peer) will now get a rejection. Without a
handler such certificates were already rejected, and the stack's own
handlers (`ApplicationInstance`, push validation) never accepted this
error. Worth a release note.

Local runs (net10.0), all passing:

| Suite | Passed | Failed |
|---|---|---|
| Server.Tests | 8310 | 0 |
| Core.Tests (security/transport filter) | 2039 | 0 |
| Security.Certificates.Tests | 358 | 0 |
| Core.Security.Tests | 558 | 0 |
| Client.Tests | 2761 | 0 |
| Gds.Tests (PushTest and TrustList tests) | 345 | 0 |

The net48 builds of Server.Tests and Core.Tests also succeed.

## Related Issues

- Related to #4678 (master378 counterpart)

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-06 18:14:17 +02:00
Klaus Landsdorf b0d8ca0d3a Server: session-less service invocation (OPC 10000-4 §6.3) with AddSessionlessInvocation (#4659)
Marc answered the five design questions (2026-10-05). This update
implements the answers; see "Design decisions" at the end.

# Description

OPC 10000-4 §6.3 lets a client invoke a subset of the services without
CreateSession/ActivateSession. The request then carries either an Access
Token in `RequestHeader.authenticationToken` or no token at all. The
server today only offers the low-level
`ISessionManager.ValidateSessionLessRequest` event. Without a handler,
every request whose token names no session is answered with
`Bad_SessionIdInvalid`, including a request without a token. That is the
code a client of an expired session expects; for a session-less request,
§6.3.1 has a server that does not support the invocation answer
`Bad_ServiceUnsupported`.

This PR adds built-in session-less invocation behind an opt-in and keeps
the existing event as the way to take over completely.

## Changes

### `AddSessionlessInvocation()`
(`src/Opc.Ua.Server/Hosting/OpcUaServerBuilderExtensions.cs`)

```csharp
services.AddOpcUa()
    .AddServer(options => { /* … */ })
    .AddSessionlessInvocation(o => o.AllowAnonymous = false)  // the default
    .AddJwtIssuer(/* … */);   // validates the Access Tokens
```

- Registers `SessionlessInvocationOptions`.
`DependencyInjectionStandardServer` applies them to the `SessionManager`
in use, including one created by a registered session manager factory,
unless that manager already has options.
- Without dependency injection: `SessionManager.SessionlessInvocation =
new SessionlessInvocationOptions()`.
- Without either, nothing changes apart from the
`Bad_ServiceUnsupported` answer below.

### `SessionlessInvocationOptions` (new, `src/Opc.Ua.Server/Session/`)

- `AcceptAccessTokens` (default `true`): an Access Token in
`RequestHeader.authenticationToken`, carried as a String NodeId, is
handed to the server's identity registry (`IServerIdentityRegistry`, the
one ActivateSession uses) as an issued JWT token (OPC 10000-6
§7.6.5.2.3). The resulting identity runs the request. §6.3.1 requires an
encrypted channel for the token, so it is only accepted over
SignAndEncrypt or HTTPS.
- `AllowAnonymous` (default `false`): a request without a token runs as
an anonymous user. Without it, such a request is rejected with
`Bad_IdentityTokenInvalid`.
- `MaxConcurrentRequests` (default 64) and
`MaxConcurrentRequestsPerChannel` (default 16): the budget for
session-less requests, see below. Zero does not limit; a negative value
is rejected.

### Budget for session-less requests (`SessionlessRequestBudget`, new,
internal)

#4541 bounds channels and incomplete messages. A session-less request
has no Session to be accounted for, but it occupies a worker and keeps
its channel active. It gets a budget of its own:

- **Two limits**, checked and taken together under one
`System.Threading.Lock`: concurrent requests on the server, and on one
channel. A request refused by the channel limit takes no server-wide
place. The channel is the SecureChannel on opc.tcp. The HTTPS bindings
use one SecureChannel id per listener, so their requests are grouped by
peer address (IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses count as IPv4).
- **Answer**: `Bad_ServerTooBusy` ("The Server does not have the
resources to process the request at this time."), the code #4541's
request queue uses when it has no room. `Bad_TooManyOperations` means
too many operations in one request, so it does not fit.
- **Lifetime**: the place is taken before the identity is checked, which
also bounds the validations that run at the same time. The lease is
attached to the `OperationContext` and returned when the context is
disposed, which every service does with `using`, however the request
ends (completed, failed, cancelled). A rejected token, a handler error
or exception, and a cancelled validation return it at once. A lease
releases once, however often it is disposed. Channel entries are removed
with their last request.
- **Scope**: it applies to every session-less request on a manager that
has `SessionlessInvocation` set, including requests a
`ValidateSessionLessRequest` handler decides. A handler without
`AddSessionlessInvocation` runs without a limit, as before. Requests
with a Session token and services outside the §6.3.1 set are not
counted.
- The limits are read for each request, so a change of the options
applies to the next request.

### `SessionManager`

- **Service sets:** a request without a session is limited to the
service sets §6.3.1 allows: View (without
RegisterNodes/UnregisterNodes), Attribute, Method, NodeManagement and
Query. Every other service keeps answering `Bad_SessionIdInvalid`.
`IsSessionlessService(RequestType)` is public.
- **Request without a token:** with session-less invocation not enabled
and no `ValidateSessionLessRequest` handler, it is answered with
`Bad_ServiceUnsupported` (§6.3.1). A token that names no session stays
`Bad_SessionIdInvalid`.
- **Precedence:** a registered `ValidateSessionLessRequest` handler
still decides first, unchanged apart from the service-set limit.
`ValidateSessionlessRequestAsync` is `protected virtual` for servers
that need their own rules.
- **Roles:** the identity of a session-less request goes through the
role resolution ActivateSession applies to the effective identity of a
Session (the `ResolveRoles` part of `AddMandatoryRoles`: the
`MustChangePassword` restriction, `IRoleManager.ResolveGrantedRoles`, so
mapped Access Token claims and the built-in AuthenticatedUser role).
This includes an identity a `ValidateSessionLessRequest` handler sets.
There is no client application certificate without a Session, so no
TrustedApplication role and no application-based mapping.
- **Cancellation:** cancelling an Access Token validation propagates as
`OperationCanceledException` so the endpoint maps it to the status of
the request lifetime (previously it became `Bad_UnexpectedError`). The
budget place is still returned.
- **Log:** a rejected Access Token is logged with a dedicated
`[LoggerMessage]` (`ServerEventIds.SessionManager + 18`, the next free
id after #4632).

### Documentation

- `docs/SessionlessInvocation.md` (new, linked from `docs/README.md`):
which services, enabling it, caller identity, the answers without the
feature, the request limits, the handler, calling the server over
opc.tcp and the REST binding.
- `docs/ResourceIsolation.md`: a short section "Requests without a
Session" pointing to the budget.
- `docs/DependencyInjection.md`: `AddSessionlessInvocation` in the
identity extension tables.

## Tests

- `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests/SessionlessInvocationTests` (mocked server
internals):
- `SessionlessRequestIsUnsupportedUnlessEnabled`,
`AnUnknownSessionTokenStaysBadSessionIdInvalid`,
`ServicesOutsideTheSessionlessSetStillNeedASession` (7 services),
`TheServiceSetLimitAppliesBeforeAValidateSessionLessRequestHandler`,
`AValidateSessionLessRequestHandlerTakesPrecedenceAsync`;
-
`SessionlessRequestWithoutIdentityIsRejectedUnlessAnonymousIsAllowedAsync`,
`SessionlessAccessTokenIsValidatedByTheIdentityRegistryAsync`,
`AnAccessTokenNoAuthenticatorHandlesIsRejected`,
`SessionlessAccessTokenRequiresAnEncryptedChannel` (None, Sign),
`SessionlessAccessTokenIsAcceptedOverSignAndEncryptAsync`,
`AccessTokensCanBeDisabled`,
`IsSessionlessServiceFollowsTheServiceSetsOfPartFour` (21 cases),
`ValidateSessionlessRequestRejectsMissingArguments`;
- wiring: `AddSessionlessInvocationRegistersTheConfiguredOptions`,
`AddSessionlessInvocationRejectsANullBuilder`,
`TheHostedServerAppliesTheOptionsToItsSessionManager`,
`TheHostedServerAppliesTheOptionsToAFactoryCreatedSessionManager`,
`TheHostedServerKeepsOptionsTheSessionManagerAlreadyHas`.
- End to end against the reference server,
`Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests/SessionlessServiceInvocationTests` (opc.tcp,
`SessionClient` on a channel without CreateSession):
- `ReadWithAnAccessTokenNeedsNoSessionAsync` (SignAndEncrypt),
`AnAccessTokenOnAnUnencryptedChannelIsRejectedAsync`,
`ARequestWithoutAnIdentityIsRejectedAsync`,
`SubscriptionsStillNeedASessionAsync`;
- one sample per service set: `ViewServicesRunWithoutASessionAsync`
(Browse, TranslateBrowsePathsToNodeIds),
`AttributeServicesRunWithoutASessionAsync` (Write, HistoryRead),
`MethodServicesRunWithoutASessionAsync` (Call),
`NodeManagementServicesRunWithoutASessionAsync` (AddNodes). They check
that the service runs and reports its operation result, not a missing
session or an internal error, since #4632 hardened only
Browse/BrowseNext against a missing session. Query is not sampled:
`StandardServer` does not implement QueryFirst/QueryNext.
- REST binding,
`HttpsWebApiIntegrationTests.SessionlessReadOverRestRunsWithAnAccessTokenAsync`
(Compact and Verbose): `POST /read` with the Access Token as String
NodeId (`"AuthenticationToken": "s=<token>"`), and the same request
without a token.
- **Budget**, `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests/SessionlessRequestBudgetTests` (22
tests):
- the budget itself: server limit and release, channel limit that takes
nothing from the server, server limit checked first, zero does not
limit, a lease releases once, HTTPS grouped by peer address (IPv4-mapped
form too), 200 concurrent callers against the limits (exactly the limit
granted, none above the channel limit, parallel release leaves zero and
no tracked channel), 16 callers acquiring and releasing in a loop
(high-water mark never above the limit);
- through `SessionManager.ValidateRequestAsync`: `Bad_ServerTooBusy`
over the server and the channel limit, disposing a context twice
releases once, places returned after a rejected Access Token, an
unencrypted channel, a missing identity, a cancelled validation (while
it waits, the place is taken), a handler error and a handler exception;
the budget also limits requests a handler decides, and a handler-only
server has none; requests outside the service set and requests a
disabled server refuses take no place; changed limits apply to the next
request and new options start a new budget;
  - options: finite defaults, negative values rejected.
- **Budget end to end**,
`Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests/SessionlessServiceInvocationTests.SessionlessRequestsRunInABudgetOfTheirOwnAsync`
(opc.tcp, requests held in the Access Token validation): the third
request over a limit of two gets `Bad_ServerTooBusy`; after release,
five sequential reads and five reads of an unknown node (operation
result bad) all pass; a channel limit of one refuses the second request
on that channel while another channel's request is admitted.
`ARequestWithoutATokenIsUnsupportedWhileTheFeatureIsOffAsync`:
`Bad_ServiceUnsupported` for a request without token on a server without
the feature, `Bad_SessionIdInvalid` for a token that names no Session.
- **Fail without the change**: the places-returned tests fail when the
budget does not release on failure (4 of 22 fail with the release in
`SessionManager` removed; the other budget tests use API this change
adds). `SessionlessRequestIsUnsupportedUnlessEnabled` and
`TheServiceSetLimitAppliesBeforeAValidateSessionLessRequestHandler` are
unchanged from the first version.
- **Review follow-up (`e9a35980b`)**:
`SessionlessAccessTokenReceivesTheRolesMappedFromItsClaimsAsync`,
`SessionlessAccessTokenWithoutTheMappedClaimIsNotGrantedTheRoleAsync`,
`AnAnonymousSessionlessRequestIsGrantedTheAnonymousRoleOnlyAsync`,
`TheIdentityOfAValidateSessionLessRequestHandlerReceivesTheMappedRolesAsync`,
`AValidateSessionLessRequestHandlerThatSetsNoIdentityKeepsNoIdentityAsync`;
end to end
`ARoleMappedNodeIsReadWithTheRolesMappedFromTheAccessTokenAsync` (the
ServerDiagnosticsSummary, readable for SecurityAdmin only, is denied for
a token whose claim is not mapped, readable once the rule maps it,
denied for another token) and
`ACancelledAccessTokenValidationAnswersTheTimeoutAndReturnsItsPlaceAsync`.
The anonymous and no-identity tests guard unchanged behavior. With the
`SessionManager.cs` change removed the three claim-mapping tests, the
end-to-end role test (`Bad_UserAccessDenied`), the end-to-end
cancellation test (`Bad_UnexpectedError` instead of `Bad_Timeout`) and
`ACancelledValidationReturnsItsPlaceAsync` fail. Lines of this commit
were not re-measured for patch coverage; the figure below is for
`496f84fce`.
- **`ClientTest`**: the three assertions that accepted
`Bad_ServiceUnsupported` too are back to master (`Bad_SessionIdInvalid`
only), so the PR no longer touches that file. Since #4646 a closed
`Session` refuses a request without authenticationToken itself; the
server code is not reached. The three tests pass with the single code
(12 cases on net10.0).
- Results on macOS: `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` full run on net10.0 8076
passed / 9 skipped / 1 failed
(`ACancelledValidationReturnsItsPlaceAsync`, which asserted the old
`Bad_UnexpectedError` mapping; updated to the propagated cancellation
and passing); the session-less, SessionManager and role filters 368
passed / 0 failed on net10.0 and on net8.0, and the session-less
invocation and budget tests 73 passed on net10.0 after the last test was
added. `Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests` with the
HTTPS/WebApi/WSS/OpenApi/Sessionless/ClientTest filter: 400 passed / 241
skipped / 0 failed on net10.0 and on net8.0 (the earlier host-name
failures were an environment issue of the test machine and are gone).
- Builds: `Opc.Ua.Server`, `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` and
`Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests` for net48, net8.0, net9.0 and net10.0 and
`Opc.Ua.Server` in Release net10.0: 0 errors, no new warnings (the
CA2213 in `SamplingGroup.cs` and the CA1861/CA2025 in other test files
are on master too).
- `dotnet format` (whitespace, style, analyzers `--severity info`, one
`--include` per changed file): no finding on a changed line. What
remains is on master lines (`SessionManager.cs` 552, 1374, 2205 and
`DependencyInjectionStandardServer.cs` 228) and the line-ending finding
of a macOS checkout.
- Coverage (`.azurepipelines/check-coverage.ps1` against master, only
the session-less tests of `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` on net10.0): patch
105/116 changed lines (90.5 %). The 11 uncovered lines are Session-bound
lines of `ValidateRequestAsync` and the lockout logger that moved with
the change; the rest of the suite covers them. The project floor is not
meaningful for this subset.
- Fork CI and CodeQL: previous head `0fba9f21d` (master incl. #4674
merged): [CI run
37307824769](https://github.com/biancode/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37307824769)
green (one net48 timing test, `KeepAliveHandlerV2Async`, failed in the
first attempt and passed on the job rerun; the PR does not touch
subscriptions), [CodeQL run
37307829138](https://github.com/biancode/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37307829138)
green. Current head `e9a35980b`: [CI run
37364178979](https://github.com/biancode/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37364178979),
[CodeQL run
37364182697](https://github.com/biancode/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37364182697)
(results pending).

## Design decisions

Marc's answers (2026-10-05) and what the PR does:

1. **Built in** when `AddSessionlessInvocation` was used. Done.
2. **Service-set limit for all paths**: it applies before a
`ValidateSessionLessRequest` handler too. Done, unchanged.
3. **`Bad_ServiceUnsupported`** for a request without a token on a
server without the feature. Done, unchanged. A token that names no
Session stays `Bad_SessionIdInvalid`.
4. **Identity model**: an Access Token in the RequestHeader, validated
as an issued JWT token through the identity registry, anonymous only by
opt-in. Unchanged. The REST authentication is #4674, now in master.
5. **Separate budget** for session-less requests: added, see "Budget for
session-less requests". Open: no limit per identity yet (identities are
claims-defined, so the keys would be unbounded); say if you want one.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4658
- Relates to #4657 (the REST binding's session-less service set), #4646
(a closed `Session` no longer sends requests without token), #4541
(resource isolation) and #4674 (REST authentication)

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed. (Affected
suites on net10.0 and net8.0 locally on macOS; .NET Framework is covered
by the fork CI's Windows net48 legs.)
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-06 07:07:52 +00:00
romanett 7212607f16 OPC UA Part 3 compliance: permissions, Write semantics, NodeManagement, NodeSet DataTypes, locales (#4675)
# Description

Fixes the High and Medium findings of an OPC UA Part 3 (OPC 10000-3,
Address Space Model) compliance audit. Each finding was checked against
the full spec text (Parts 3, 4, 5, 6, 14 and 18) before it was fixed.
Every fix comes with regression tests that fail without it.

### Role permissions (Part 3 §8.55, Part 4 §5.12.2.2)
- The type-hierarchy exemption in
`MasterNodeManager.ValidateRolePermissions` /
`ValidateAccessRestrictions` now covers only Browse, Read and
ReadRolePermissions. Type nodes stay visible to generic clients, which
was the intent of #3705; every other permission bit is now enforced on
them.
- `ReceiveEvents` is enforced on the EventType node. The standard
NodeSet grants it on `AuditEventType` and its subtypes only to
SecurityAdmin, so only SecurityAdmin sessions now receive audit events.
- Call checks the `Call` permission and AccessRestrictions on the Object
as well as on the Method.
- When a Call's `methodId` is the Method declaration of the ObjectType,
the Object's Method with the same BrowseName is permission-checked and
invoked. The declaration is used only if the Object has no such Method.
This applies to `AsyncCustomNodeManager`, `CustomNodeManager2` and the
sample node manager.

### Write service (Part 3 §5.6.2, §8.40, §8.57; Part 4 §5.11.4)
- The synchronous `OnWriteValue` path (fluent `OnWrite`) checks DataType
and ValueRank first (`Bad_TypeMismatch`). After an IndexRange write it
merges the slice into the cached value instead of replacing it.
- StatusWrite / TimestampWrite are enforced (`Bad_WriteNotSupported`).
- Undefined enumeration values and invalid OptionSet writes return
`Bad_OutOfRange`. OptionSet writes merge only the valid bits into the
stored value.
- New `ReportPropertyValueChanged` / `ReportSemanticChange` let server
code raise SemanticChangeEvents for changes it makes itself.
- Required follow-up (Part 14 §6.2.11.1): if an external target rejects
a timestamp, the PubSub subscriber's TargetVariables writer retries
without it.

### NodeManagement and Call arguments (Part 3 §5.5.2, §5.7.3, §6.4.2;
Part 4 §5.8, §5.12.2)
- AddNodes creates the Mandatory InstanceDeclarations of the
TypeDefinition and rejects abstract or Interface types
(`Bad_TypeDefinitionInvalid`).
- AddReferences, DeleteReferences and DeleteNodes bump NodeVersion and
raise GeneralModelChangeEvents.
- Clients may omit trailing optional input arguments
(`HasOptionalInputArgumentDescription`).

### NodeSet DataTypes (Part 3 §5.8.3, §8.48; Part 6 Annex F.12)
- `UANodeSet.Import` completes structure definitions with the base
type's fields (base fields first). It creates definitions for structures
without fields and sets `DefaultEncodingId`.
`StructureDefinition.FirstExplicitFieldIndex` marks the subtype's own
fields.
- `DataTypeState` no longer mutates the stored definition on read.

### Locales (Part 3 §5.2.5, §8.5; Part 4 §5.4)
- Read, Browse and data change notifications return the translation that
best matches the session's LocaleIds, or all translations for `mul`. The
selection lives in the server dispatcher and is built on
`ResourceManager`: the new `TranslateValue` calls the overridable
`Translate`.
- Locale ids are matched case-insensitively, and fallback translations
carry their real locale.

### Client complex types (Part 6 §5.1.7)
- The Reflection.Emit builder encodes only `IsOptional` subtyped fields
as ExtensionObject. It also supports OptionSet subtypes: an unsupported
type is skipped instead of aborting the whole load.
- `TypeInfo.GetXmlName` uses the data type's XML name for dynamic
structures and OptionSets (the XML body element was `<Structure>`). Both
builders now produce identical XML.

## Behaviour changes
All are documented in `docs/MigrationGuide.md`.
- **Audit events:** only SecurityAdmin receives them. The CTT "Auditing
Connections" unit needs a SecurityAdmin user (e.g. sysadmin);
`AuditingOperationTests` was updated.
- **Write timestamps and status:** clients writing a SourceTimestamp or
a non-Good StatusCode get `Bad_WriteNotSupported` unless the Variable
has StatusWrite/TimestampWrite. No variable in `src/` sets these bits.
- **AddNodes:** it rejects abstract types (including `BaseVariableType`
and `BaseEventType`), and new instances now come with child nodes.
- **Call:** the Object needs the Call permission. The Object's own
Method runs even when the call names the type declaration.

## Not included
- Low-severity findings: missing validation on optional services and
author-side NodeSet rules.
- LocalizedText nested inside structures or Variant arrays, and in
HistoryRead or Call outputs.

## Testing
net10.0, Debug, one suite at a time on the merged branch. All suites
below pass:

| Suite | Passed |
|---|---|
| Types | 11430 |
| Core.Encoders | 2947 |
| Core.Schema | 179 |
| Core.Security | 558 |
| Client | 2761 |
| Server | 8210 |
| InformationModel | 1080 |
| Features | 145 |
| History | 536 |
| Di | 455 |
| Machinery | 167 |
| Robotics | 661 |
| Robotics.Intent | 22 |
| Pumps | 75 |
| Scales | 122 |
| Positioning | 69 |
| ISA95 | 144 |
| Vision | 484 |
| PubSub | 1490 |
| PubSub.Adapter | 151 |
| PubSub.Server | 177 |
| Redundancy.Server | 856 |
| Lds | 173 |
| Configuration | 241 |
| WotCon | 1496 |

- **Client.ComplexTypes:** one test wrote a SourceTimestamp to a
variable without TimestampWrite. It is fixed in this PR, and the suite
has not been re-run since.
- **Core:** 6068 passed, 1 failure in
`ActivityTraceFlags_Metrics_ShouldRecordMetricsOnly`. That telemetry
test passed when re-run alone, so it looks flaky.
- **Still running:** Sessions, Subscriptions (Classic, Durable,
standard) and Interop. Results will follow on this PR.
- `UA.slnx` builds with 0 errors for net10.0 and net48, with no new
analyzer warnings in changed files.

## Related Issues

- Part 3 compliance audit (no tracking issue)

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

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---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-05 12:43:59 +00:00
romanett cce2004fdd CTT: keep GeneratesEvent off Object instances and Views off non-hierarchical references; classify Deadband Err-006 as CTT defect (#4667)
# Description

Three findings from the 2026-10-03 CTT run with the patched 1.05.513
scripts. Two are server/model defects and are fixed here. The third is a
CTT script defect, recorded as C56 in `plans/ctt-issues.md`.

## 1. Monitored Items Deadband Filter `Err-006.js`: CTT defect (C56, no
server change)

The script modifies a MonitoredItem on the first static numeric scalar
(a plain BaseDataVariable with no EURange) to use a PercentDeadband. It
accepts only `Good` or `Bad_MonitoredItemFilterUnsupported`. Since #4629
the server returns `Bad_DeadbandFilterInvalid`, and that is the code the
spec defines for this case:

- OPC 10000-8 §7.2: PercentDeadband "applies only to AnalogItems with an
EURange Property".
- OPC 10000-8 §7.3.2 Table 61: `Bad_DeadbandFilterInvalid` is returned
when "a PercentDeadband is not supported, since an EURange is not
configured".

CreateMonitoredItems and ModifyMonitoredItems both go through
`ValidateMonitoringFilterAsync` and return the same code. Monitor Basic
`Err-022.js` already accepts `Bad_FilterNotAllowed` for non-analog
items, so the scripts disagree with each other here.

Draft Mantis note (not filed yet):

> **Monitored Items Deadband Filter Err-006.js rejects
Bad_DeadbandFilterInvalid for a PercentDeadband on a node without
EURange**
> Err-006.js picks the first node of `/Server Test/NodeIds/Static/All
Profiles/Scalar/NumericSettings`, which is normally a BaseDataVariable
without an EURange. It then calls ModifyMonitoredItems with a
PercentDeadband (10 %) and accepts only Good or
Bad_MonitoredItemFilterUnsupported. OPC 10000-8 §7.2 limits
PercentDeadband to AnalogItems with an EURange. §7.3.2 Table 61 defines
Bad_DeadbandFilterInvalid for "a PercentDeadband is not supported, since
an EURange is not configured", so a compliant server fails this test.
Monitor Basic Err-022.js already accepts Bad_FilterNotAllowed for the
non-analog fallback.
> Proposed fix: add StatusCode.BadDeadbandFilterInvalid (and, consistent
with Err-022.js, StatusCode.BadFilterNotAllowed) to the
ExpectedAndAcceptedResults of the ModifyMonitoredItems call.

## 2. GeneratesEvent on Objects (Base Info Core Structure 2 `001.js`):
source generator defect

The CTT reported `ns=9;i=234` (the `<ServiceName>` placeholder of
AuthorizationServicesFolderType) and
`ns=9;s=AuthorizationServices/Default` as Objects that are the source of
GeneratesEvent references. OPC 10000-3 §7.15 says: "The SourceNode of
References of this type shall be an ObjectType, a VariableType or a
Method".

`OpcUaGdsModel.xml` declares both references
(AccessTokenRequested/Issued audit events) correctly, on
`AuthorizationServiceType`. The source generator copied the type's own
non-hierarchical references onto every Object or Variable built from the
type: onto instance declarations (the placeholder) and into
`CreateInstanceOf<Type>`, which `AuthorizationServiceState` initialises
from, and that is how the `Default` service gets them. UA-ModelCompiler
does the same thing, so the official `Opc.Ua.Gds.NodeSet2.xml` in
UA-Nodeset has the same two references on `ns=1;i=234`.

Fix:
- `TranslateReferences` now marks references declared on a type
(`HierarchyReference.DefinedOnType`, which already existed but was never
set).
- `NodeStateGenerator.GetReferences` drops forward GeneratesEvent
references (including subtypes such as AlwaysGeneratesEvent) for Object
and Variable nodes when the reference came from the type.
- ObjectTypes, VariableTypes and Methods keep these references. For
example, the RegisterApplication methods and the Acknowledge/AddComment
methods of the alarm types are unchanged.
- References that a model declares explicitly on an instance are emitted
as before.

## 3. View targeted by HasCause/HasEffect (Base Info Core Structure 2
`001.js`): sample model defect

#4485 added `Views_Operations HasCause/HasEffect Views_Engineering` so
that View Minimum Continuation Point 01 `012.js` and View Basic 2
`018.js` have at least two references to View nodes on the configured
View (`/Server Test/NodeIds/NodeClasses/View` = `Views_Operations`). OPC
10000-3 §5.4 says Views "can be the SourceNode of any hierarchical
Reference. They shall not be the SourceNode of any NonHierarchical
Reference."

`Views_Operations` now Organizes `Views_Engineering` and a new View,
`Views_Maintenance`, which organizes `DataAccess`. This keeps two
View-class references and adds no loops (ContainsNoLoops stays true).

## Tests
-
`NodeStateGeneratorTests.TypeGeneratesEventReferencesAreNotCopiedToObjectInstances`:
covers the type, the placeholder, the instance, `CreateInstanceOf`,
Methods and an explicit instance reference. It fails without the fix.
- `ReferenceServerTest.SampleViewsHaveNoNonHierarchicalReferencesAsync`.
The existing `NodeClassSampleNodesReferenceTheirOwnNodeClassAsync` still
passes.
- Results with net10.0:
  - SourceGeneration.Core.Tests: 4267 passed, 0 failed
  - InformationModel.Tests: 1078 passed, 0 failed
  - Di.Tests, including RobotOpenUsdE2e: 438 passed, 0 failed
  - OpenUsd.Tests: 921 passed, 0 failed
  - Server.Tests `ReferenceServerTest`: 56 passed, 0 failed
- `UA.slnx` builds with net10.0. The changed test projects build with
net48.

## CTT (patched 1.05.513 scripts, compared with the 2026-10-03 patched
baseline)

| Part | Change |
| --- | --- |
| p02-base-info | Base Info Core Structure 2 `001.js`: Error → Skipped.
The GeneratesEvent and View errors are gone; the remaining skips are the
CTT's own "type not defined within the test-script" notes. No other
change. |
| p03-base-view-method | No change. View Basic 2 `018.js` and View
Minimum Continuation Point 01 `012.js` still pass. |
| p13-monitored-items | Deadband `Err-006.js` still Error (C56). With
the script fix it passes. Monitor Basic `007.js` gave a
response-timestamp delay warning (>200 ms) caused by machine load; it
also appears in the 2026-09-29 base run. |

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---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-05 05:50:30 +00:00
romanett 2871355d18 GDS: implement the AliasName Server facet (OPC 10000-17 Annex C) (#4668)
## Summary

Implements the **GDS AliasName Server facet** (OPC 10000-17 Annex C) in
`Opc.Ua.Gds.Server`, so that the CTT conformance unit *GDS AliasName
Discovery* passes apart from two CTT script defects (documented, Mantis
drafts in `plans/ctt-issues.md`).

Spec requirements:
- **C.1:** aggregate the AliasNames of registered Servers that expose
the `ALIAS` capability (OPC 10000-12 Annex D). Pull all
AliasNameCategory instances and merge those whose BrowseNames have the
same Name. Provide the ExpandedNodeId of every referenced node and the
ServerUri of the Server that contains it.
- **C.2:** on registration, merge the Server's AliasNames into a single
tree for TagVariables/Topics, combine aliases that share a name, and add
the ServerUri to `ServerArray`.
- **C.3:** on unregistration, remove that Server's aliases and
categories (but keep those other Servers still provide), remove its
AliasFor references, and remove its ServerUri from `ServerArray`.

### Design
- **`AliasNameAggregator`** (`Opc.Ua.Gds.Server.AliasNames`) holds one
snapshot per registered application and builds the merged view:
- Categories are keyed by their BrowseName path below `Aliases`. Aliases
are merged by name within a category; their targets are the union over
all sources.
- Targets are stored as namespace-URI ExpandedNodeIds. The ServerIndex
is resolved against the server's `ServerArray` each time the view is
built, because removing a ServerUri renumbers the entries after it.
  - Only ServerUris the aggregator added itself are removed again.
- Also implements `FindAlias`/`FindAliasVerbose`, recursive over
sub-categories.
- **`SessionAliasNameSourceReader`** reads a source over a client
Session by browsing the `Aliases` (i=23470) hierarchy and the AliasFor
references.
- It browses instead of calling `FindAlias` because the category
structure has to be aggregated too, and a source whose aliases come from
a NodeSet (like the CTT's embedded server) does not implement
`FindAlias`.
- It connects anonymously, to the most secure endpoint first, falling
back to SecurityMode None. It runs GetEndpoints once per DiscoveryUrl.
- **`ApplicationsNodeManager`** (new partial
`ApplicationsNodeManager.AliasNames.cs`):
- Hooks RegisterApplication (now `OnCallAsync`), UpdateApplication
(background re-read) and UnregisterApplication.
- Materializes the merged view as `AliasNameType` and
`AliasNameCategoryType` nodes in the GDS application-record namespace,
organized by the well-known TagVariables/Topics/Aliases objects. Each
category gets a `FindAlias` answered from the merged list.
- Changes and node updates are serialized, so a read that finishes after
a concurrent unregister cannot re-add the source.
- RegisterApplication waits at most `AliasNameRegistrationWait` (5 s)
for the read; a slower or unreachable source is finished in the
background and never blocks clients past their call timeout.
- Optional periodic re-read via `AliasNameRefreshInterval`; it also
retries sources that could not be read.
-
**`IAliasNameStoreRegistry.RegisterContributor`/`UnregisterContributor`**
(Opc.Ua.Server): a read-only contributor's aliases are added to the
`FindAlias`/`FindAliasVerbose` results of the categories it reports,
next to the owning store's. This lets the aggregated aliases share the
well-known categories with the server's own aliases, which matters for
the reference server, an AliasName Server and a GDS at once.
Contributors never receive Add/Delete calls.
- **Opt-in:**
`GlobalDiscoveryServerConfiguration.EnableAliasNameAggregation` is off
by default, because the GDS then opens client connections to the
DiscoveryUrls of registered applications.
`Ctt.ReferenceServer.Config.xml` enables it.
- `Opc.Ua.Gds.Server` now references `Opc.Ua.Client`; the `Opc.Ua`
meta-package already depends on both.

### CTT (1.05.513 with the patched scripts), p14-gds, reference server
`--ctt`, embedded CTT source + 2 extra AliasName sources

| GDS AliasName Discovery | before | after | after, with the C54/C55
script fixes |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| initialize | Skipped (no sources) | Pass | Pass |
| 001 | Error | Error (C55) | Pass |
| 002 | Error | Error (C54) | Warning (RegisterApplication > 100 ms) |
| 003 | Pass | Pass | Pass |
| 004 | Error | Error (C54) | Pass |
| 005 | Skipped | Error (C55) | Pass |
| 006, 007, 009, 011, 012, 014, 015 | Skipped | Error (C54) | Pass |
| 008 | Skipped | Pass | Pass |
| 010, 013 | Skipped | Error (C55) | Pass |

- **C54:** the script compares the GDS's AliasFor target (ServerIndex >
0, namespace URI, as Annex C.1 and Part 4 §7.16 require) with the
source's local NodeId using `equals()`, which can never match.
- **C55:** "no remote aliases" is checked as "no aliases", so it fails
on the reference server's own aliases.

Both are documented with draft Mantis texts (not filed). The remaining
script checks pass in 15/15 test cases.

No regressions:
- Application Directory and Query Applications are unchanged against the
baseline. The only difference is one ActivateSession timing warning in
one run.
- p09 (AliasName CUs) passes 32/32, identical to the baseline.

## Tests
- `AliasNameAggregatorTests` (unit) covers:
  - merging across Servers;
- categories kept while still referenced and removed after the last
source;
  - ServerArray add, remove and renumbering;
  - pre-existing ServerUris kept;
  - local targets;
  - FindAlias/FindAliasVerbose scope, pattern and reference-type filter.
- `GdsAliasNameAggregationTests` (end-to-end) registers a second
in-process reference server with `ALIAS` and reads it with the real
session reader. It checks:
  - aggregated nodes and remote AliasFor targets;
  - the ServerArray entry;
  - FindAlias on TagVariables and on the aggregated category;
  - that unregistering removes everything;
  - that an unreachable source still registers;
  - that a Server without `ALIAS` is ignored.
- Registry contributor tests in `AliasNameStoreRegistryTests`.
- Opc.Ua.Gds.Tests: 1246 passed, 0 failed, 56 skipped.
Opc.Ua.Server.Tests AliasNames: 198/198. InformationModel and Features
alias tests pass. net48 compiles.

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---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-04 19:10:02 +00:00
romanett 35c08874ca Server view parameter status codes; client transfer fallback when GetMonitoredItems is unavailable (#4654)
Two defects found by interop testing the 2.0 stack against foreign OPC
UA stacks (node-opcua, Milo, asyncua, open62541, async-opcua, gopcua).

## 1. Server: view timestamp/version without a ViewId returned
Bad_ViewIdUnknown

A Browse with a `ViewDescription` whose `ViewId` is null but whose
`Timestamp` (or `ViewVersion`) is set got `Bad_ViewIdUnknown` from the
node managers. `ViewDescription.IsDefault` is false, so
`ValidateViewDescription` looked up the null `ViewId` and failed with
"unknown view".

Spec (OPC 10000-4):
- §7.44: a null `viewId` means the entire AddressSpace. Timestamp and
viewVersion each select a version of the View, and "either the Timestamp
or the viewVersion parameter may be set by a Client, but not both".
- Table 178 / Browse service results (§5.9.2.3):
`Bad_ViewTimestampInvalid` = "the view timestamp is not available or not
supported", `Bad_ViewVersionInvalid` likewise, and
`Bad_ViewParameterMismatch` = the view parameters are not consistent
with each other.

Fix: a new internal `ViewDescriptionValidator.ValidateParameters`
handles the checks that don't depend on the View node:
- timestamp **and** version set → `Bad_ViewParameterMismatch` (before
this, a known view got `Bad_ViewTimestampInvalid`)
- null ViewId + timestamp → `Bad_ViewTimestampInvalid`
- null ViewId + version → `Bad_ViewVersionInvalid`

It is called at service level in
`NodeManagerServiceDispatcher.BrowseAsync`, because these are Browse
*service* results. It is also called in
`CustomNodeManager2.ValidateViewDescription`,
`AsyncCustomNodeManager.ValidateViewDescription` and the
`DiagnosticsNodeManager` override, so a node manager called directly
answers the same way. TranslateBrowsePaths and RegisterNodes take no
ViewDescription, and BrowseNext reuses the validated view from the
continuation point.

## 2. Client: transfer failed when the optional Server.GetMonitoredItems
is unavailable

After `TransferSubscriptions` returns Good, the client calls
`Server.GetMonitoredItems` (i=11492) to map server handles to client
handles. That call is only made for a subscription that is not live in
this client: one restored from saved state, or a clone. Its own live
subscriptions skip it. `GetMonitoredItems` is an **Optional** method of
ServerType (OPC 10000-5 §6.3.1, §9.1), and several stacks don't provide
it: asyncua 2.0.1 answers `BadNothingToDo`, open62541 built without
`UA_ENABLE_XML_ENCODING` answers `BadInternalError`, and others answer
`BadMethodInvalid` or `BadNotSupported`. When the call failed, the whole
transfer was reported as failed ("SubscriptionId N could not be moved")
even though the server had moved the subscription. For non-"definitive"
codes such as BadNothingToDo or BadInternalError, the transferred server
subscription was also left behind as an orphan.

### Chosen fallback

The status of a failed call is now classified
(`GetMonitoredItemsFallback.IsTransientFailure`):
- **Transient** (timeout, busy server, too many operations, lost
connection, channel or session): behaviour is unchanged. The transfer
fails and nothing is deleted, so it can be retried.
- **Anything else** (method missing, not supported, BadNothingToDo,
BadInternalError, unusable output): the server does not provide the
method. Then:
1. **The client knows server ids for its items** (the usual case:
restored state, or a reconnect of its own subscription). Use that
mapping and the transfer succeeds. A transfer keeps item ids and client
handles, which is why OPC 10000-4 §6.8 tells clients to store the
SubscriptionId together with the MonitoredItem client and server
handles. Items saved without an id were never created on the server, and
the normal apply path creates them, as before.
2. **No server ids are known** (a clone of a live subscription,
`CloneSubscriptions`). Notifications would still arrive, because clones
copy the client handles. But the items could never be modified or
deleted, and recreating them would duplicate them on the server, since
stale items can't be deleted without their ids. So:
- classic engine, when the caller just moved the subscription
(`Session.TransferSubscriptionsAsync`): delete the transferred server
subscription and **recreate it in place** with the same items and client
handles. The transfer reports success, but notifications the server
still had queued for the old subscription are lost. The subscription
gets a new id.
- classic `Subscription.TransferAsync` (also used to adopt the session's
own subscriptions, so nothing was moved): fails as before, and nothing
is deleted or created.
- new engine (`MonitoredItemManager.TrySynchronizeHandlesAsync`): fails
as before. Its callers (`SubscriptionManager`) already recreate the
subscription in that case.

Both engines now treat an unusable GetMonitoredItems answer (wrong
output arguments) the same way as an unavailable method. The two
existing
`TryCompleteTransferAsyncShouldReturnFalseWhenResponseWrong{1,2}Async`
tests were updated and renamed to match. The existing classic test that
expected a "definitive" failure to delete the subscription now checks
the fallback to the known ids instead.

Warnings are logged when the fallback is used (`Subscription + 71..73`,
`MonitoredItemManager + 6`).

## Tests

- Server:
`AsyncCustomNodeManagerTests.BrowseAsyncNullViewIdWithVersionParametersReturnsViewParameterErrorAsync`
(sync and async node manager, timestamp, version, both) and
`MasterNodeManagerDeterministicTests.BrowseAsyncNullViewIdWithVersionParametersThrowsViewParameterError`
(service level).
- Classic client (`ClassicSubscriptionCoverageTests`): fallback to known
ids for every non-transient code, while transient codes still fail; a
Bad method result (asyncua style); clone recreated in place (old
subscription deleted, items created with the original client handles);
clone adopted through `TransferAsync` is neither deleted nor recreated.
- New engine (`SubscriptionTests`): known ids used for Bad /
BadMethodInvalid / BadNotSupported / BadNothingToDo / BadInternalError;
transient failure and unknown ids still fail.

Run locally (net10.0, sequential):
- Opc.Ua.Client.Tests: 2745 passed / 0 failed
- Opc.Ua.Server.Tests: 8089 passed / 0 failed / 5 skipped
- Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Durable.Tests: 36 passed / 11 skipped
- Opc.Ua.InformationModel.Tests (View/Browse filter): 289 passed / 4
skipped
- Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests (Transfer/Reconnect filter): 155 passed / 103
skipped
- Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Tests (Transfer/Durable filter): 15 passed / 1
skipped
- net48 build of both test projects: clean

The interop test that found (2),
`ServerFeatureInteropTests.TransferSubscriptionToNewSessionAsync`, is in
the uncommitted foreign-interop work and isn't on master yet.

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---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-04 19:01:38 +00:00
romanett 6f55500577 Server diagnostics: let every session browse its own subscriptions in SubscriptionDiagnosticsArray (#4664)
# Description

`Server.ServerDiagnostics.SubscriptionDiagnosticsArray` denied Browse
and Read to every session except a SecurityAdmin on a SignAndEncrypt
channel. A regular session, such as the CTT's default SecurityMode None
session, got `Bad_UserAccessDenied` when it browsed the array, so it
could not find its own subscription diagnostics. Part 5 §6.3.5 lets a
session see its own diagnostics, and the CTT maintainer asked that the
server return only the entries a session may see instead of blocking the
whole array ([Mantis
11445](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11445)).

**Change** (`DiagnosticsNodeManager.OnReadUserRolePermissions`):
non-admin sessions now get `Browse` on the server-wide
`SubscriptionDiagnosticsArray`. Each subscription diagnostics node
already carries the permissions of its owning session, and Browse drops
references to targets the caller may not browse. So a session browsing
the array gets only its own subscriptions, and an administrator gets all
of them.

**Intentionally unchanged:**
- Reading the array **value** stays admin-only. The value holds every
session's subscriptions. Making it readable with per-session filtering
would also need two other fixes: within one second of a diagnostics
scan, `OnReadDiagnosticsArray` returns the stored, unfiltered array, and
monitored items on the array receive the unfiltered scan value.
- `SessionDiagnosticsArray`, `SessionSecurityDiagnosticsArray` and
`ServerDiagnosticsSummary` keep their permissions. No session nodes are
linked under `SessionDiagnosticsArray`, so opening Browse there would
return nothing.

**Note for reviewers:** CTT `Subscription Durable/012.js` now gets past
the Browse and Read in Step 3, but it still fails because of a script
bug (missing braces on line 37 set `result = false` unconditionally).
That part is a CTT fix tracked in Mantis 11445.

## Related Issues

- Mantis 11445 (CTT Subscription Durable 012.js, Step 3)

## Tests

- New end-to-end test
`DiagnosticsTests.SubscriptionDiagnosticsArrayBrowseReturnsOnlyOwnSubscriptionsAsync`.
Two anonymous SecurityMode None sessions each create a subscription. The
fixture session's Browse returns only its own subscription, reading the
array value returns `BadUserAccessDenied`, and the sysadmin session sees
both subscriptions. Against the old permissions, the test fails with
`BadUserAccessDenied` on the Browse.
-
`DiagnosticsNodeManagerTests.ReadUserRolePermissions_AdminAndSessionHandlingAsync`
now also checks that a non-admin gets Browse only on the subscription
array, an admin can Read it, and the two session arrays still give a
non-admin no permissions.
- Local net10.0: `DiagnosticsTests` + `BaseInfoEnabledFlagToggleTests`
14/14 passed, `DiagnosticsNodeManagerTests` 22/22 passed. The test
projects build on net48.

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [ ] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

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---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-04 19:14:43 +02:00
Klaus Landsdorf 89bbc3bd75 Server: public CreateAlarm<TState> fluent overload, and conformance units that follow their contributors (#4650)
# Description

Two changes to `Opc.Ua.Server`, one commit each. Both are independent of
any companion model; the Asset Management Basics contribution (#4649) is
the first code that needs them, but any companion node manager can use
them.

**1. `CreateAlarm<TState>` on `INodeBuilder`.**

- The fluent alarm surface offers `CreateLimitAlarm`,
`CreateExclusiveLimitAlarm` and `CreateOffNormalAlarm`. The pipeline
behind them (`AttachAlarm`) is private, and `FluentNodeRegistration` is
internal.
- A node manager that needs any other condition type cannot reach that
pipeline from outside the assembly. Examples are an alarm type of a
companion specification, a `TripAlarmType` or `DiscrepancyAlarmType`, or
a server-specific subtype that implements an interface such as
`IRootCauseIndicationType`. Such a node manager has to copy the attach,
notifier and release logic, or it loses the automatic release on
teardown.
- `CreateAlarm<TState>(INodeBuilder, QualifiedName, Func<NodeState,
TState>)` exposes the same pipeline for a state the caller's factory
creates. The alarm is initialized, enabled and attached with
`HasCondition`. The parent becomes its `SourceNode`, `SourceName` and
event notifier. A fluent node manager releases all of it on teardown.
- A factory that returns `null` fails with `InvalidOperationException`
before anything is changed. The three existing helpers never take that
path, so they behave as before.

**2. `ConformanceUnitsManager` recomputes the advertised units from its
contributors.**

- On master the manager reads a contributor once, in `Register`, and
adds its units and profiles to two sets that only grow.
- A unit or profile that a contributor stops reporting therefore stays
in `ConformanceUnits` and `ServerProfileArray` until the server
restarts. One that it starts reporting after registration is never
published.
- The ServerCapabilities describe the current configuration of the
server (OPC 10000-5 §6.3.2), so both have to follow the contributor.
This matters for contributors whose support changes at runtime, for
example a node manager whose units depend on the instances registered
with it, or `HistorianConformanceContributor` after `RefreshAsync`.
- The manager now keeps the registered contributors and reads all of
them again on every `PublishAsync`:
  - `Register` is idempotent;
  - `Unregister` is new;
- publishing is serialized (`SemaphoreSlim`), so the address space ends
with the set read last;
  - the contributors are read outside the manager's lock.
- `DiagnosticsNodeManager.PublishConformanceUnitsAsync` keeps the
profiles that were in `ServerProfileArray` before the first publish,
which are the configured ones, and replaces the contributed ones on
every publish.

**Behaviour change for custom contributors.** A profile or unit that no
contributor reports any more is now withdrawn on the next publish.
Registering a contributor twice no longer reads it twice; the result is
the same set as before. A contributor whose sets are fixed at startup
sees no difference. The DI, Machinery, Pumps, Scales, Robotics and
Vision node managers register once at startup and publish the same sets
as before (see Tests).

## Changes

- `src/Opc.Ua.Server/Fluent/AlarmBuilderExtensions.cs`:
`CreateAlarm<TState>`; the null check on the factory result in
`AttachAlarm`.
- `src/Opc.Ua.Server/Server/ConformanceUnitsManager.cs`: contributor
list, `Unregister`, recompute in `PublishAsync`, publish gate, `Dispose`
releases the gate.
- `src/Opc.Ua.Server/Diagnostics/DiagnosticsNodeManager.cs`: configured
profiles captured on the first publish, contributed profiles replaced.
`IDiagnosticsNodeManager.cs` and `HistorianConformanceContributor.cs`:
documentation only.
- `docs/NodeManagers.md`: `CreateAlarm<TState>` next to the dedicated
helpers. `docs/Profiles.md`: how contributed units and profiles are
published and withdrawn.

## Tests

- **New, part 1** (`Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`, `Fluent`):
- `AlarmBuilderExtensionsTests`:
`CreateAlarmAttachesTheFactoryStateLikeTheDedicatedHelpers`,
`CreateAlarmAcceptsAConditionThatIsNoAlarm`, `CreateAlarmNullArgsThrow`,
`CreateAlarmRejectsAFactoryWithoutAnAlarm`,
`CreateAlarmOnVariableThrowsBadTypeMismatch`;
-
`FluentAlarmRegistrationIntegrationTests.CreateAlarmIsBrowsableAndFindableAsync`;
- `NodeAttachBuilderExtensionsTests`:
`GenericAlarmWiringIsUndoneOnTeardownAsync` (release on teardown).
- **New, part 2** (`Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`):
- `ConformanceUnitsManagerTests`:
`PublishWithdrawsWhatAContributorNoLongerReportsAsync`,
`RegisteringAgainReadsTheContributorOnceAsync`,
`UnregisterWithdrawsTheUnitsOfTheContributorAsync`;
-
`DiagnosticsNodeManagerTests.PublishConformanceUnits_KeepsDeclaredProfilesAndWithdrawsContributedOnesAsync`.
- **Fail without the change:** with the `src/` files of master, the part
1 tests and `UnregisterWithdrawsTheUnitsOfTheContributorAsync` do not
compile (`CreateAlarm` and `Unregister` do not exist). With that test
left out, `PublishWithdrawsWhatAContributorNoLongerReportsAsync` (the
withdrawn unit is still published),
`RegisteringAgainReadsTheContributorOnceAsync` (the contributor is not
read on publish) and
`PublishConformanceUnits_KeepsDeclaredProfilesAndWithdrawsContributedOnesAsync`
(the contributed profile stays) fail; the seven existing
`ConformanceUnitsManagerTests` pass.
- **Existing contributors:** the conformance, facet, profile and
compliance tests of the companion suites pass unchanged on net10.0:
`Opc.Ua.Di.Tests` 33, `Opc.Ua.Machinery.Tests` 19, `Opc.Ua.Scales.Tests`
5, `Opc.Ua.Robotics.Tests` 128 (incl.
`RobotIntentHostingComplianceTests`), `Opc.Ua.Vision.Tests` 9
(`VisionNodeManagerIntegrationTests`), and the whole
`Opc.Ua.Pumps.Tests` suite (73). They check the units, facets and
profiles each node manager advertises against what it built, and pass as
they do on master.
- `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`: 7966 passed / 9 skipped / 0 failed on net10.0
(full suite); the affected tests (`Fluent`,
`ConformanceUnitsManagerTests`, `DiagnosticsNodeManagerTests`, the
historian and other conformance tests, 934) pass on net10.0 and net8.0
(macOS).
- `Opc.Ua.Server` builds for net48, net8.0, net9.0 and net10.0 without
new warnings (the only one, CA2213 in `SamplingGroup.cs`, is on master
since #4629); `dotnet format` (whitespace, style, analyzers) reports
nothing on the changed files; changed lines covered 70/70 (100 %) by
`.azurepipelines/check-coverage.ps1` with the `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` run
on net10.0.
- Fork CI (full matrix incl. macOS) and CodeQL: [CI run
37135986886](https://github.com/biancode/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37135986886)
and [CodeQL run
37135988487](https://github.com/biancode/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37135988487).
CodeQL is green; CI is green except `test-windows-net48 (11/32)`, the
`Opc.Ua.Interop.Tests` legacy ComplexTypes check ("1 of N structures
were not decoded") that came with #4630 and fails the same way on other
open pull requests; this change does not touch ComplexTypes.

## Notes for review

- The two commits are independent. If you prefer to discuss the
behaviour change of part 2 separately, part 1 can go in on its own.
- `ConformanceUnitsManager` stays a non-sealed public class, as on
master.
- The Robotics Intent and Vision node managers also merge their facet
URIs into `ServerProfileArray` directly, at startup and when a
controller host is added. They report the same URIs through
`IConformanceContributor`, so a later publish keeps them. The entries
they write before the first publish count as configured, as everything
else that is in the array at that point.
- `IServerInternal` does not expose the manager since the
service-locator cleanup (#4184). A contributor that changes at runtime
reaches it through `ServerInternalData.ConformanceUnitsManager`. If you
would rather offer a narrower hook (for example a
`RepublishConformanceAsync` on the server), we can add it in this PR.

## Related Issues

- Part of #4649

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed. (Affected
suites on net10.0 and net8.0 locally on macOS; .NET Framework is covered
by the fork CI's Windows net48 legs.)
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-04 19:07:20 +02:00
romanett 4c1c3fd244 Aggregates: fix remaining CTT aggregate server defects and seed Bad data for the CTT (#4655)
Fixes the remaining CTT Aggregate failures of the reference server that
are server defects or missing test data, using the patched CTT 1.05.513
scripts (all known Mantis defects fixed) as the oracle.

## Server fixes (`src/Opc.Ua.Server`)

- **Real-valued bounds for TimeAverage/TimeAverage2/Total/Total2.**
`SlopedInterpolate` converted every interpolated bound to the raw data
type, so on Int32 nodes these Double aggregates used rounded bounds
(ramp 0..23.8: 11.9034 instead of 11.9). The conversion (Part 4 §7.7.3)
is now only applied for aggregates that return the raw data type
(Interpolative, Start/EndBound, DeltaBounds, Minimum2/Maximum2/Range2,
ActualTime2); `AverageAggregateCalculator` keeps the real bound (Part 13
§3.1.8, Table 50).
- **Non-numeric values are interpolated stepped.** Boolean, String and
other non-numeric values cannot be interpolated with a sloped line (Part
13 §5.4.2.3, Table 50). The calculator now uses stepped interpolation
for them whatever the Stepped property says: a String EndBound between
"23" and "24" is "23" (was "23.8"), a Boolean bound between false and
true is false, and Boolean DurationInState no longer counts the region
before the first value as true.
- **TreatUncertainAsBad = false in Average and Count.** Both used only
strictly Good values for the result but counted Uncertain values as Good
for the status. They now include Uncertain values when
TreatUncertainAsBad is false (Part 13 §4.2.1.2), like StandardDeviation
and NumberOfTransitions already did.
- **Interpolative honors TreatUncertainAsBad for a raw value at the
interval start**, as the calculator already did for the raw values
around a bound.
- **NumberOfTransitions**: a Bad result carries no aggregate bits, like
Count.
- **Processed reads get the bounding values they need**
(`HistorianDispatcher`). The raw read only returned the raw value at or
beyond each end of the request. When that value is Bad (or Uncertain
with TreatUncertainAsBad), the interpolated bound needs the nearest Good
value further out, so an interval starting on a Bad value returned
`BadNoData` and the next interval lost its first region. The dispatcher
now reads outwards to the nearest Good values (reusing the ReadAtTime
bound search), only when the end value is not Good.

## Reference server test data and CTT template

- Every scalar history node also gets 400 values at a fixed date
(`2026-01-01T00:00:00Z`) with a block of five Bad values, laid out for
the CTT's Bad-data search (`HAAggregateHelper.GetBadData`).
StartOfArchive is the fixed date. The values relative to the server
start are unchanged.
- `samples/UAReferenceServer.ctt.xml`: all ten
`.../Aggregates/StartOfBadData*` settings point at the block
(`2026-01-01T00:25:01.234Z`), and `RequestedNodeId` is enabled with
namespace 2 (needs the C34 fix).
- `plans/ctt-issues.md` / `plans/ctt-testing.md`: updated configuration
notes, the oracle differences, U4, and new U5 (TreatUncertainAsBad =
false). Also documents a CTT defect: the Bad-data search's "reverse"
read sends EndTime = 0001-01-01 (null), which a server reads forward.

## CTT results (p06 Aggregates, 1267 test cases)

| | Error cases |
| --- | --- |
| Before (patched scripts, origin/master) | 253 |
| This PR, patched scripts | 125 |
| This PR, patched scripts + proposed Int32 oracle corrections for
TimeAverage/Total(2) and Range2 | 51 |

The 125 include 78 TimeAverage/TimeAverage2/Total/Total2 and 4 Range2
test cases on Int32 nodes where the server now returns the Part 13 value
but the patched oracle still truncates the bounds. The remaining 51 are
spec questions: U4 (DeltaBounds, 9; TimeAverage2/Total2 with an
Uncertain value after the start bound, 8) and U5 (TreatUncertainAsBad =
false, 34). p07 Historical Access: no change (0 errors).

## Tests

- New `AggregateBoundDataTypeTests` (real bounds on Int32, Interpolative
still rounds, Boolean/String stepped bounds, Boolean DurationInState,
Average with TreatUncertainAsBad).
- `AggregateCttRegressionTests`: direct and live (dispatcher) interval
starting on a Bad value, Interpolative with TreatUncertainAsBad,
NumberOfTransitions Bad result; the Count test now expects Uncertain
values to be counted with TreatUncertainAsBad = false.
- `AggregateCalculatorCoverageTests`: an Uncertain raw value at the
start with TreatUncertainAsBad is interpolated over.
- `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` and `Opc.Ua.History.Tests` pass on net10.0;
net48 builds.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-04 19:04:17 +02:00
romanett efad0ddeff Server subscriptions: fix spec defects in Subscription/MonitoredItem handling found by audit (#4629)
# Description

Fixes defects found in a spec-grounded audit of the server
**Subscription / MonitoredItem** implementation
(`src/Opc.Ua.Server/Subscription/**`, `NodeManager/MonitoredItem/**`,
`EventManager`, monitored-item service dispatch and filter validation).
Each behaviour change was checked against OPC 10000-4 (§5.13, §5.14,
§7.21, §7.22), Part 5 (subscription diagnostics) and Part 9
(ConditionRefresh). Every fix has a regression test.

The audit found 56 defects (1 Critical, 3 High, 20 Medium, 32 Low). A
follow-up max-effort code review of the fix branch found 27 more issues,
mostly introduced by the first round of fixes. All but one are fixed
here.

### Most important fixes
- **Critical — remote hang:** an `AggregateFilter` with
`processingInterval = NaN` was not revised, and `AggregateCalculator`
looped forever while holding the node-manager lock, so one
CreateMonitoredItems request blocked the node manager. Non-finite, ≤0
and sub-tick intervals are now revised (Part 4 §5.13.2.1), and the
calculator rejects them as a backstop.
- **Monitored-item limits:** new
`ServerConfiguration.MaxMonitoredItemCount` /
`MaxMonitoredItemsPerSubscription`; Bad_TooManyMonitoredItems is
returned when a limit is hit, and ServerCapabilities now report the
limits. Both default to `0` (no limit), so existing behaviour is
unchanged.
- **Sampling groups:** a client could get one dedicated thread per
distinct sampling interval above 1 h; intervals above the last rate
group are now rounded, and the loop is async. An item could also end up
in two sampling groups and keep being sampled after it was deleted.
- **Subscription state machine** (Part 4 §5.14.1.2):
- the lifetime counter resets while a Publish is queued and counts
otherwise;
  - the lifetime and keep-alive stay within `MaxSubscriptionLifetime`;
  - LatePublishRequestCount is counted once per entry into LATE;
- messages held while publishing is disabled are no longer sent, and are
not offered by Transfer/Republish either;
- ConditionRefresh returns Bad_RefreshInProgress for any refresh already
queued or running on the subscription.
- **Triggering** (Part 4 §5.13.1.6):
- linked items are triggered by an item still draining a backlog, by the
first value after re-enable, and by an item created Disabled;
  - links are persisted for durable subscriptions;
- Disabled/Sampling items follow the publish rules in the shared
pipeline, so custom `IMonitoredItem` implementations follow them too.
- **Queues** (Part 4 §5.13.1.5, §7.21):
  - no duplicate value after a queue-size increase;
- EventQueueOverflow events are placed where the events were lost,
including on queue shrink;
  - the duplicate-event check scans the newest entries;
- EventQueueOverflowCount and MonitoringQueueOverflowCount are
maintained correctly;
- changing select clauses rebuilds queued events in the new layout, and
is safe on durable queues and on failure.
- **Filters:**
- per-clause EventFilterResult instead of rejecting the whole item (Part
4 §7.22.3);
- corrected status codes: Bad_DeadbandFilterInvalid,
Bad_MonitoredItemFilterInvalid, Bad_EventFilterInvalid,
Bad_MonitoringModeInvalid, Bad_TimestampsToReturnInvalid;
- aggregate filter in subscriptions: processing interval at least 2× the
revised sampling interval, revised StartTime on the requested grid,
ServerTimestamp = end of interval (Part 4 §7.22.4).
- **Lifecycle and races:**
- expired subscriptions are always cleaned up, even when the session
closes during cleanup;
  - Create/Transfer racing CloseSession returns Bad_SessionClosed;
  - session diagnostics counts no longer drift;
  - a large but valid Publish TimeoutHint no longer fails the request;
- a ready subscription is served by queued Publish requests instead of
going Late;
  - restored persisted state is validated.
- **Access:** a value change notification is checked against each
subscriber's UserAccessLevel, not the writer's.
- **Redundancy / durable store:**
  - the first-unsent sequence number is mirrored;
  - sequence numbers are no longer reused after a second failover;
- triggering links are stored (definition format 6, written only when
links exist, so older replicas can still read link-less subscriptions).

### Behaviour changes reviewers should know
- With the default config, publishing intervals above
`MaxSubscriptionLifetime / 3` (1,200,000 ms) are revised down, so
lifetime ≥ 3×keep-alive fits the configured maximum.
- The revised keep-alive is capped at a third of the max lifetime.
- Idle subscriptions expire after exactly MaxLifetimeCount cycles
without a queued Publish.
- A partly invalid EventFilter select list is accepted with per-clause
errors. The public `EventFilter.Validate` keeps Status Good if at least
one clause is valid; callers that cannot return per-clause results must
also check the new `EventFilter.Result.HasSelectClauseErrors`. There is
a migration note in `docs/migrate/2.0.x/sessions-subscriptions.md`.
- Aggregate processing intervals may be revised higher (≥ 2× sampling
interval); aggregate ServerTimestamp is now the interval end.
- Sampling intervals above 3,600,000 ms are rounded to multiples of
900,000 ms (default rate groups).

### Public API
Additive only:
- `ServerConfiguration.MaxMonitoredItemCount` and
`MaxMonitoredItemsPerSubscription`;
- `EventFilter.Result.HasSelectClauseErrors`;
- `IStoredSubscriptionTriggering`,
`ISubscriptionRetransmissionSendStateStore`,
`SubscriptionRetransmissionState.FirstUnsentSequenceNumber` (optional
store capabilities, detected with `as`);
- new `EventQueueHandler` constructor overloads.

### Known open items (not in this PR)
- **Part 4 §5.13.2.1:** CreateMonitoredItems should create an item even
when the user lacks Read permission and report the error in Publish.
This is not done: the create-time RolePermissions check is the only role
check on the initial value, so following the spec would leak values
until every node manager re-checks per sample.
- **Sampling loop:** it runs on thread-pool threads; node managers with
blocking synchronous reads should not use sampling groups heavily. The
alternative, a dedicated thread per group, was the thread-exhaustion
issue fixed here.
- **Restarts:** a pending QueueSize-1 value and a pending overflow flag
are not kept across a restart; that needs persistence interface
extensions.
- **Limit defaults:** decide whether the new limits should get finite
defaults (currently 0 = unlimited).

## Related Issues

- No tracking issue; the findings come from an internal audit of the
server subscription code.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

### Local verification (net10.0, all green)
| Suite | Passed | Failed |
|---|---|---|
| Opc.Ua.Server.Tests | 7963 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Tests | 643 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Classic.Tests | 57 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Durable.Tests | 36 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Redundancy.Server.Tests | 847 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Core.Tests (filter tests) | 283 | 0 |

net48 build of `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`: 0 errors. net48 tests and the full
UA.slnx were not run locally.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-10-03 05:43:16 +02:00
romanett d98eb6b28c Fix server session defects found by a spec-checked review of CreateSession, ActivateSession, session lifecycle and continuation points (#4632)
# Description

Fixes defects found by a spec-checked review of the server session
implementation: CreateSession, ActivateSession, the session lifecycle
(per-request validation, CloseSession, Cancel, timeout, shutdown) and
session continuation points. Each finding was checked against OPC
10000-4 (§5.7, §7.9, §7.32), OPC 10000-5 (session diagnostics and audit
events) and OPC 10000-6 §6.8.2.

There is one commit per finding, and each commit message cites the spec
section. A max-effort code review of the fixes then found 15 more
issues, mostly regressions the first round introduced; they are fixed in
the `revfix` merges.

## What changed

**CreateSession**
- At MaxSessionCount the oldest session that was never activated is
closed to make room (§5.7.2.1). Sessions that are activated, already
closing, or have an activation in flight are never evicted. The victim
is claimed atomically, so a late activation commit on it is rejected.
- `requestedSessionTimeout` NaN is revised. A malformed `endpointUrl` no
longer fails the call with Bad_UnexpectedError. `serverUri` is ignored,
as §5.7.2.2 requires.
- Unnamed sessions get distinct names.
- Session diagnostics now report `MaxResponseMessageSize` and
`ServerUri`, and `SessionSecurityDiagnostics.Encoding` uses the
specified names ("UA Binary", "XML", "JSON").
- AuditCreateSessionEvent carries SecureChannelId and the request
certificate, also on failure.
- Every rejected CreateSession is counted, and only once. A rejection
during server startup no longer turns into Bad_UnexpectedError.
- If an `OnApplicationCertificateError` override accepts an error, the
certificate is now kept and the remaining checks still run. A
certificate accepted this way does not grant TrustedApplication or
application-based roles.

**ActivateSession**
- EphemeralKey handling follows OPC 10000-6 §6.8.2:
- A key used to decrypt a UserName or IssuedToken secret is retired and
replaced in the same commit.
  - A key that was not used is kept, and nothing is returned.
- ECDHPolicyUri is honoured; an unsupported policy gets
Bad_SecurityPolicyRejected.
  - Request parameters are no longer echoed back.
- After the activation commits, a failure or cancellation no longer
faults the response, which would hide the new server nonce. Post-commit
callbacks run uncancellably.
- An activation that overlaps a session close or timeout fails with
Bad_SessionClosed instead of returning Good.
- The PolicyId of an AnonymousIdentityToken is validated.
- Status codes now follow §5.7.3.3:
- Bad_ApplicationSignatureInvalid for a mismatched client-signature
algorithm
- Bad_UserSignatureInvalid for a mismatched X509 user-token signature
algorithm
- Bad_IdentityTokenInvalid for an undecodable token or an unknown policy
- `ClientUserIdOfSession` keeps the user of the first activation.

**Lifecycle and requests**
- Requests on an expired or closing session are rejected with
Bad_SessionClosed (§5.7.2.1). A CloseSession on an expired session that
is not yet closing is still processed as the client's close and honours
`deleteSubscriptions`.
- Closing a session aborts its outstanding requests with
Bad_SessionClosed. A request that registers after that abort pass is
rejected too.
- Cancel completes the matching requests with
Bad_RequestCancelledByClient (§5.7.5.1). It also reaches requests still
waiting in the request queue, but only when both timestamps prove the
request was sent earlier.
- There is one AuditCancelEvent per Cancel call, carrying the client's
audit entry id and user.
- Every close path goes through a single close claim, so
SessionAbortCount, SessionTimeoutCount and the "Session/Terminated" and
"Session/Timeout" audits are each counted once.
- Teardown that started cannot be cancelled. Requests rejected by
session validation are counted.

**Continuation points**
- HistoryRead returns Bad_NoContinuationPoints instead of evicting
points of the same request (§7.9). Only the request that saved a point
pins it, so points from prior requests can still be freed.
- Points saved by a HistoryRead that faults are released.
- Session-less Browse and BrowseNext no longer dereference a null
session.

## Behaviour changes reviewers should know about
- At the session cap, CreateSession evicts a non-activated session
instead of returning Bad_TooManySessions. The eviction is counted in
SessionAbortCount.
- Clients see Bad_SessionClosed for requests on expired or closing
sessions, and Bad_RequestCancelledByClient for cancelled requests.
- `ActivateSessionProcessAdditionalParameters` is now called on every
successful activation, with or without an AdditionalHeader.
- If an `OnApplicationCertificateError` override returns instead of
throwing, CreateSession now accepts the certificate.
- Timeout and termination audits are now raised after the session
teardown.
- The only public API changes are additive overloads in `AuditEvents`
and `RequestManager`.

**Known partial fixes:**
- The session's `maxResponseMessageSize` is reported but not enforced;
only the channel limit applies.
- With overlapping ActivateSession calls on one session, an earlier
response can still carry a key that a later activation has already
replaced. Closing that fully needs a new `ISession` member.

## Related Issues

- The Redundancy.Server session-mirroring findings from the same review
are tracked separately in #4627.

## Tests
- Regression tests cover each finding. The new files are:
  - `CreateSessionSpecRegressionTests`
  - `ActivateSessionValidationRegressionTests`
  - `StandardServerActivateSessionRegressionTests`
  - `SessionLifecycleRegressionTests`
  - `SessionRequestAdmissionRegressionTests`
  - `HistoryReadContinuationDispatchTests`
  
  Existing test classes were extended too.
- Local results on net10.0:
  - `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`: 7883 passed / 0 failed / 5 skipped
- `Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests`: 790 passed / 0 failed / 379 skipped (same as
master)
- net48 Release build of `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`: 0 errors / 0 warnings.

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [ ] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-03 05:42:01 +02:00
romanett b4ffc30654 Fix flaky DurableSubscriptionSnapshotSurvivesRetransmissionQueueRecycling (#4634)
## Problem
`DurableSubscriptionSnapshotSurvivesRetransmissionQueueRecycling` failed
on CI ([run
37015563079](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/37015563079),
test-windows-net10.0, on a PR that does not touch subscriptions) with
`Assert.That(message.IsEmpty, Is.True)` → `False`.

`SentMessageQueue.Clear()` calls `IPooledEncodeable.Reuse()` on each
retained `NotificationMessage`, which resets it and returns it to
`NotificationMessageActivator.Instance`, a process-wide pool.
`SubscriptionTests` is `[Parallelizable]`, so another test could rent
that instance and populate it before the assertion read it.

## Fix
The queued message is a test-only `NotificationMessage` subclass whose
`ReuseCore()` override counts the call and runs `ResetForReuse()` but
does not return the instance to the pool. The test still checks that
recycling happened (`ReuseCount == 1`, `IsEmpty`) and that the
snapshot's encoded content survives. It now also checks that the
snapshot holds a different reference from the queued message. The nested
payloads are still recycled through the real pools.

The other tests that read pooled objects after `Reuse()`
(`NotificationEncodingLifetimeRegressionTests`,
`PooledNotificationDispatchTests`) are already `[NonParallelizable]`.

## Testing
`CustomTestTarget=net10.0 dotnet test tests/Opc.Ua.Server.Tests -f
net10.0 --filter FullyQualifiedName~SubscriptionTests`: 77/77 passed.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-02 15:48:22 +00:00
romanett 61edaa1ed0 Remove netstandard2.1 and net472 target frameworks (#4624)
# Description

Drops support for **netstandard2.1** and **.NET Framework 4.7.2**.
Libraries now target `net48`, `net8.0`, `net9.0` and `net10.0`.
`Opc.Ua.Types` and `Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Core` still also target
`netstandard2.0`, but only because the Roslyn source generators load
them. There is no general netstandard2.0 support.

**Preprocessor directives** (112 files)
- Every `#if`/`#elif` mentioning `NETSTANDARD2_1*`, `NET472*`,
`NET_STANDARD_TESTS`, `SKIP_ECC_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST_SIGNING` or
`NETSTANDARD*` was evaluated against the remaining TFM set (net48,
net8/9/10, plus netstandard2.0 inside `Opc.Ua.Types`/`tools`) and
simplified. Dead branches were removed.
- Example: `NETSTANDARD2_1 || NET8_0_OR_GREATER` → `NET8_0_OR_GREATER`.
- Example: `NET8_0_OR_GREATER || NET472_OR_GREATER` → removed (always
true).
- Netstandard-only code was removed: `UnixFileModeShim`, the CRDT
reflection path in `ReplicatedGossipOptions.CreateReaderOptions`, and
the netstandard2.1-only test variants.

**Custom test logic**
- `targets.props` drops the `net472`, `netstandard2.0` and
`netstandard2.1` `CustomTestTarget` profiles, `NetStandardTests` and
`SKIP_ECC_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST_SIGNING`. Supported values are now
`net48`, `net8.0`, `net9.0`, `net10.0`.
- The `NET_STANDARD_TESTS` define is removed from 29 test projects.
- The "build netstandard shells as net10.0" overrides are removed from
18 projects.
- `RestrictForLegacyTfm` now only applies to `net48`.
- `tests/customtest.bat` is updated to the new values.

**Build / packaging / CI**
- MSBuild TFM conditions are simplified: Kestrel package choice, MQTTnet
v4 (net48 only), BouncyCastle, Di/OpenUsd/Vision/Stress test excludes,
and `System.IO.FileSystem.AccessControl` (dropped from Core).
- The MigrationAnalyzer nuspec drops its net472/netstandard2.1 lib
groups. The Azure signing lists are updated.
- `get-ci-matrix.ps1` removes the net472/netstandard test profiles
(including the PR-gating `linux-netstandard2.1`) and the matching build
legs.

**Breaking API change (2.0 preview):** removed
`HttpsTransportListener.IsWssTransportSupported` and
`ReplicatedGossipOptions.IsGossipStateDecodingSupported`. They only
returned `false` on netstandard2.1 and are now always `true`. The test
guards that used them were removed as well.

**Docs**
- NuGet READMEs, `README.md`, `DeveloperGuide.md`, `PubSub.md`, the
certificate/ECC/identity docs and the 2.0 migration guide (plus its
`.agents` skill mirror) are updated.
- The migration guide notes that 4.7.2 consumers must move to 4.8 and
netstandard2.1 consumers to net8.0+.

### Reviewer notes
- The `System.IO.FileSystem.AccessControl` `PackageVersion` pin is left
in `Directory.Packages.props`. It has no direct reference any more, but
transitive pinning is on, so it was kept to avoid shifting resolved
versions.
- The `#if` rewrite was done mechanically by a truth-table evaluator.
The diff in the `.cs` files is limited to directive lines, removed dead
branches, and stale-comment updates.

### Verified locally
- `dotnet build UA.slnx -p:CustomTestTarget=net48`: 0 errors.
- `dotnet build UA.slnx -p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0`: 0 errors.
- Default multi-target builds (no `CustomTestTarget`) of Opc.Ua.Types,
Bindings.Https, PubSub.Mqtt and Redundancy.Server succeeded.
- net10.0 tests:
  - Opc.Ua.Redundancy.Server.Tests: 840/840 passed.
  - Opc.Ua.Types.Tests: 11363 passed, 1 skipped.
  - ModelDependencyScanner tests: 20/20 passed.
- The full test suite was **not** run locally.

## Related Issues

- None

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-02 17:09:49 +02:00
romanett 920ebda69b Fix transport channel and encryption audit findings (#4626)
## Summary

Fixes the Critical, High and Medium findings of a read-only audit of the
low-level transport channels (UA-TCP / UASC, HTTPS, WSS, Kestrel TCP,
buffer management) and the encryption layer (key derivation, nonces,
RSA/ECC, EncryptedSecret, security policies). Every finding was traced
in source and checked against the specification (Parts 2, 4, 6, 7)
before fixing.

Scope: 2 Critical, 1 High, 21 Medium → **21 fixed, 3 partial**. Low
findings are not part of this PR.

### Critical / High

**T7-1: HTTPS session isolation (Critical).**
- **Affects:** servers that expose a secured `opc.https` endpoint.
- **Problem:** over HTTPS all clients share one SecureChannel (Part 6
7.4.1), so the session AuthenticationToken is the only thing that keeps
sessions apart. The spec therefore requires it to be at least 32 random
bytes. For secured channels the server issued tokens that are not hard
to predict.
- **Impact:** another client on the same HTTPS endpoint could act within
a session that does not belong to it, with that session's identity and
permissions.
- **Fix:** `SessionManager` now always issues a random 32-byte opaque
token, on every transport (Part 6 7.4.1, Part 4 7.35).

**T1-1: secured client channels could lose their protection
(Critical).**
- **Affects:** opc.tcp clients connecting to Sign or SignAndEncrypt
endpoints.
- **Problem:** the client did not verify that the OpenSecureChannel
response used the security policy and mode it had requested, as Part 4
5.6.2.1 and Part 6 6.7.4 require.
- **Impact:** an attacker in the network path could make a secured
channel continue without message security. The check on the server
signature in CreateSession limits this on first connect. The session
reconnect path has no equivalent check. Traffic of an existing session
could then lose confidentiality and integrity without the application
noticing. Other users of the channel (discovery, registration, custom
service clients) were not protected at all.
- **Fix:** a client channel for a secured endpoint is now bound to the
requested policy and mode. A response with any other policy or mode, or
without the server certificate, faults the channel, on connect and on
reconnect.

**T8-1: Kestrel opc.tcp listener availability (High).**
- **Affects:** servers using `KestrelTcpTransportListener`.
- **Problem:** the listener did not expire idle channels and did not
reclaim unused ones when it reached `MaxChannelCount`, unlike the
classic listener. Part 4 5.6.2.1 requires closing the oldest unused
channel without a session before refusing new ones.
- **Impact:** an unauthenticated peer could exhaust the channel slots
and deny service to legitimate clients.
- **Fix:** activity tracking, an inactivity sweep based on
ChannelLifetime, and reclaiming the least recently used channel without
a session at the limit.

**E2-1: user token decryption errors (Medium, High where lockout is
disabled).**
- **Problem:** the result of a failed user identity token decryption
could reveal more than Part 4 7.40.2.1 allows, which says every
decryption error must look like `Bad_IdentityTokenInvalid`.
- **Mitigation already in place:** the default failed-authentication
lockout limits how this can be used.
- **Fix:** clients now receive only `Bad_IdentityTokenInvalid`, with the
detail logged on the server. Token decryption takes the same steps
whichever check fails.

### Medium
- **Key derivation / sequence numbers:** E1-1/T2-1 renewal XORs the
previous secret only for SecureChannelEnhancements policies (Part 6
6.8.1 Step 2); T2-2 Sign-mode HKDF length uses enc key / IV length 0
(Part 6 6.8.1); T2-3 server chains a second renewal from the pending
renewed token like the client; T2-4 receiver rejects sequence-number
gaps (Part 2 5.1.14).
- **OPN / client channel:** T1-2 (partial) OPN sender certificate
checked against the policy's key family / curve and RSA key-length
window (Part 4 6.1.3, Part 6 6.1); T3-1 renewal completion no longer
blocks on a newer handshake while holding the gate; T3-9 reverse-connect
listener bounded (1000 pending, 500/s, burst 1000).
- **TCP listener / buffers:** T5-1 Basic128Rsa15 abuse tracker fails
open for untracked IPs when full; T5-2 refused connections get
`Bad_TcpNotEnoughResources` after the HEL (Part 6 7.1.2.3); T6-2
(partial) idle sockets no longer hold a receive buffer; T6-3
`AsyncResultBase` completes exactly once, reverse-connect timeout
cancels the connect.
- **HTTPS:** T7-3 chunked request bodies supported (Part 6 7.4.1); T7-4
mTLS CreateSession compares only the leaf certificate and answers a
mismatch with a ServiceFault; T7-5 (partial) opcua+openapi WSS path gets
the discovery-only gate; T7-6 default rate limiter partitioned per
client IP; T7-7 shared Kestrel host owns its TLS certificate and
rotation rebuilds it for all listeners.
- **WSS / Kestrel TCP:** T8-2 SecureChannel and certificate audit events
(Part 4 6.5.5); T8-3 queued senders fail with BadConnectionClosed on
close instead of hanging; T8-4 WSS clients keep the mTLS client
certificate alive; T8-5 WSS+JSON close bounded by timeout and
cancellation.

### Partial / not fixed
- T1-2: missing CertificateSignatureAlgorithm check per chain
certificate, issuer key length ≥ issued key length, and checks on ECC
issuers.
- T6-2: `BufferManagerMemoryLimiter` still blocks the calling thread
when real traffic exhausts the budget (needs an async TakeBuffer API).
- T7-5: the fallback to any SecurityMode=None endpoint stays, because
HTTPS listeners advertise `HttpsOpenApiTransport`.
- Not covered: the HTTPS listener's WSS uacp channels likely need the
same idle cleanup / reclaim as T8-1.
- Not covered: the certificate/policy key check (T1-2) applies to UASC
channels; the opc.https session path is a follow-up.

## Behaviour changes reviewers should look at

**Wire-incompatible with older versions of this SDK (both conform to the
spec now):**
1. Renewals on ECC_nistP256/P384, ECC_brainpoolP256r1/P384r1,
ECC_curve25519/448 no longer mix in the previous secret; a renewal
between this and an older SDK fails on the first message after renewal.
2. Sign-mode channels on those CBC+HMAC ECC policies derive different
keys; Sign-mode channels to older SDKs fail.

**Other:**
3. Every session AuthenticationToken is a 32-byte opaque ByteString
NodeId, on every transport.
4. Any sequence-number gap faults the channel with
`BadSequenceNumberInvalid` (client side previously reported
`BadSecurityChecksFailed`). Only a reconnect OpenSecureChannel may skip
ahead.
5. OPN peer certificates outside the policy's key-length window or with
the wrong key family/curve are rejected (e.g. 4096-bit RSA on Basic256 /
Basic128Rsa15).
6. Refused opc.tcp connections get an ERR after their Hello; a refused
socket can stay open up to 2 s waiting for it.
7. Kestrel opc.tcp listener closes idle channels and, at
MaxChannelCount, the oldest unused channel (BadNoCommunication) instead
of refusing the new client.
8. HTTPS mTLS CreateSession mismatch → ServiceFault
`Bad_SecurityChecksFailed` instead of HTTP 401; oversized HTTPS bodies →
413 instead of 500; default HTTPS rate limit is 100 req/s per client IP.
9. Certificate rotation on a shared (host, port) restarts the shared
Kestrel host once; TLS connections on that port reconnect.
10. `EncryptedSecret.TryDecrypt/TryDecryptAsync` return false on the RSA
branch instead of throwing (public API behaviour); `TryDecryptRsa`
reports `Bad_SecurityChecksFailed` for padding/layout/signature
failures. A KeyData whose encrypted length differs from what the policy
and receiver key imply is rejected the same way, before decryption.
11. Client reverse-connect listener limits pending connections and
connection rate; at its cap the oldest connection that has not sent a
ReverseHello is closed to make room. On opc.wss the cap applies only to
connections not yet handed off.
12. `ApplicationInstance` creates its own RSA application certificate
with at least 2048 bits (except the RsaMin type), even when
`MinimumCertificateKeySize` is lower; that setting only bounds accepted
peers.
13. Kestrel opc.tcp listener: `ChannelLifetime` <= 0 disables the idle
sweep; otherwise the sweep runs at most once per second.
14. Certificate rotation on a shared Kestrel host closes the listener's
WebSocket connections and outbound reverse-connect channels even when
the TLS certificate is unchanged; if the new host fails to start, a host
with the previous TLS certificate is restored and the error is rethrown.
Listeners on the same (host, port) share a Kestrel host only when their
host-level settings (mutual TLS, admission limits, middleware) match;
otherwise the listener uses its own host, as for a TLS certificate
mismatch.
15. On a second renewal before the first renewed token was used, the
server makes the first renewed token current (raising `TokenActivated`
then) instead of dropping it; a reconnect chains from the current token.
16. Sign-only HKDF channels report empty IV/key plus the signing key
length in channel diagnostics and the Wireshark keyset.
17. `UserNameIdentityTokenHandler.DecryptAsync` throws the specific
RSAEncryptedSecret failure; the server still answers clients with a
plain `Bad_IdentityTokenInvalid` and logs the cause.
18. Refused ReverseHello messages up to the maximum valid size also get
the `Bad_TcpNotEnoughResources` reply; `TcpByteTransport` rents receive
buffers at the chunk size.

## Tests

New regression tests for every Critical/High fix fail before the fix.
Tests that pinned old behaviour were updated:
`TcpReconnectKeyAgreementTests`,
`UaSCBinaryChannelSequenceRolloverTests`,
`TcpMessageFailureRegressionTests`,
`TcpTransportListenerDeterministicTests`.

Combined branch, net10.0:

| Suite | Passed | Skipped | Failed |
|---|---|---|---|
| Opc.Ua.Core.Tests | 6036 | 88 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Bindings.Https.WebApi.Tests | 405 | 0 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Server.Tests | 7806 | 5 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Client.Tests | 2733 | 0 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Gds.Tests | 1234 | 56 | 0 |
| Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests | 790 | 379 | 0 |

net48 builds of the Core, Server, Client and WebApi test projects and
the netstandard2.1 Release build: 0 errors, no new warnings. One
telemetry test (`ActivityTraceFlags_Metrics_ShouldRecordMetricsOnly`)
failed once under parallel load and passes on rerun.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-02 12:08:16 +02:00
romanett 20c2d77d57 Fix Core/Types audit findings and conform them to the OPC UA spec (stacked on #4569) (#4573)
> **Stacked on #4569.** The base branch is
`romanett/practical-murdock-fd9c56`, so this diff shows only the commits
of this PR. Retarget to `master` after #4569 merges.

## Summary

Bug audit of `Opc.Ua.Core`, `Opc.Ua.Core.Types`, `Opc.Ua.Types` and
`Opc.Ua.Core.Schema`, with the findings fixed and the fixes grounded
against the OPC UA specification (reference.opcfoundation.org). 133
commits in four groups:

1. **Audit fixes** (`Fix <ID>: ...`): 116 findings from a read-only
audit, each with a regression test. IDs follow the audit scopes: T1-T6
`Opc.Ua.Types`, C1-C4 `Opc.Ua.Core`, S1 `Opc.Ua.Core.Types` +
`Opc.Ua.Core.Schema`.
2. **Review fixes** (`Fix review <ID>: ...`): issues a code review of
group 1 found, plus lower-severity leftovers.
3. **Spec fixes** (`Spec: #<n> ...`): the 18 places where an earlier fix
only partly matched the spec text.
4. Test and analyzer follow-ups.

Where `master` (#4516, #4522, #4540, #4564) or #4569 already fixed the
same issue, their version was kept and this PR only adds what they
didn't cover.

## Behaviour and user-facing changes

### Wire format and interoperability (breaking)
- **PubSub AES-CTR (Aes128-CTR / Aes256-CTR)** now follows Part 14
Tables 156/157:
- The counter block is `KeyNonce[4] | MessageNonce[8] |
BlockCounter[4]`, and the block counter starts at 1.
- The SecurityHeader nonce is 8 bytes: `Random[4] | UInt32
SequenceNumber`, with the sequence number starting at 1.
  - SKS key data is split with a 4-byte KeyNonce, giving 52 / 68 bytes.
- **Not interoperable with earlier releases of this stack**, but matches
the spec. There is a test against the independent RFC 3686 vector.
- **User token signature** (Part 4 6.1.8):
- The signed data is now built from the user token policy's
SecurityPolicy on both client and server.
- It also supports the SecurityMode None layout `ServerNonce |
HASH(ServerCertificate) | ClientNonce`.
- New overload `SecurityPolicyInfo.GetUserTokenSignatureData(...,
MessageSecurityMode)`.
- **Secure channel:**
- The ECC AEAD `LastSequenceNumber` is correct across the 32-bit
sequence wrap (Part 6 6.8.1).
  - The incoming chunk counts against MaxChunkCount/MaxMessageSize.
- The sender no longer lets a message through that is 24 bytes over
MaxMessageSize.
- The OPN response signature is verified without overrunning the buffer
(RSA_DH with differing key sizes).

### Sessions (server)
- **CreateSession nonce:**
- The client nonce is kept on None channels, because the None-mode user
token signature covers it.
- A nonce over 128 bytes returns `Bad_NonceInvalid` on every channel
(Part 4 5.7.2.3).
  - The duplicate-nonce check runs only on secured channels.
- A non-empty nonce under 32 bytes is still accepted on None, for
compatibility.
- **ActivateSession:** an embedded `EccEncryptedSecret` signing
certificate is validated with the server's peer certificate validator
(Part 6 6.8.3). Byte equality with the client certificate is only the
fallback when no validator is available. New opt-in interface
`ICertificateValidatorProvider`.
- **FindServers / GetEndpoints:** `GatewayServerUri` and
`DiscoveryProfileUri` are no longer swapped.

### Write, Read and Call (NodeState / node managers)
- **UserWriteMask:**
- Enforced for non-value attributes and for VariableType Value writes
(`ValueForVariableType`), returning `Bad_UserAccessDenied`.
- An unconfigured UserWriteMask (0, no handler) is not enforced, and
reads back as the WriteMask so Read and Write agree (Part 3 8.60).
- A throwing or Bad `OnReadUserWriteMask` handler fails only that item.
- **Index-range writes:**
- Slices are merged into the cached value under the attribute lock, also
for `OnWriteValueAsync` handlers.
- A data-change notification is still produced when the cache cannot
absorb the slice.
- The slice must match the unclipped range, otherwise
`Bad_IndexRangeDataMismatch` (new status code in `Opc.Ua.Types`).
  - A range past the target returns `Bad_IndexRangeNoData`.
- A handler without index-range support returns `Bad_WriteNotSupported`
(Part 4 7.27, 5.11.4.4).
- **Index-range reads on matrices** return partial results clipped to
the source, instead of allocating the requested size (a Read with
`"0:40000,0:40000"` no longer allocates about 1.6e9 elements).
- **DataTypeDefinition writes:**
- A value that isn't a decoded DataTypeDefinition, or whose kind doesn't
match the DataType category, returns `Bad_TypeMismatch`.
  - Null is rejected for concrete Structure/Enumeration/OptionSet types.
  - WriteMask is checked first (Part 3 5.8.3).
- **AnalogItem:** a null write skips the InstrumentRange check again.
- **Method call:** the async fallback passes the ObjectId to the method
handlers.
- **Redundancy:** `DistributedValueParticipation` merges index-range
writes and applies the index range on reads.
- **Change masks:** `ClearChangeMasks` takes the bits atomically, so
concurrent changes are no longer lost.
- **`AccessLevelEx`:** preserved by Clone/Export.

### Alarms & Conditions (Part 9)
- **Acknowledge / Confirm / AddComment:**
- Accept any EventId the condition or its branches reported while that
state is still pending (5.7.3).
  - An unknown id returns `Bad_EventIdUnknown`.
- An already handled state returns `Bad_ConditionBranchAlreadyAcked` /
`...AlreadyConfirmed`.
- AddComment on a branch no longer changes the trunk, and the branch
table is re-keyed when a branch's EventId changes.
- **Shelving:**
  - OneShotShelve without MaxTimeShelved no longer overflows the timer.
- A timed shelve is measured on the monotonic clock, so wall-clock steps
don't delay the unshelve.
  - The state is named `OneShotShelved`.
- **Audit events:**
  - They report failure for rejected method calls.
  - `SelectedResponse` is a UInt32.
  - A rejected negative Respond leaves SelectedResponse unset.
- **`ContentFilterElement.Validate`:** an unknown FilterOperator is
reported per element as `Bad_FilterOperatorInvalid`, instead of failing
the whole service call.

### ContentFilter evaluation (Part 4 7.7.3, on top of #4564)
- **Bitwise operators:**
  - The result takes the size of the larger operand.
- Boolean, numeric String and one-element array operands are converted
to integers implicitly.
  - Types without an implicit integer conversion give NULL.
- **Strings:** ordering is ordinal, no longer culture dependent.
- **Cast:** restricted to the Table 121 conversions, and QualifiedName
to LocalizedText is added. The general `Variant.ConvertTo` keeps its
wider set.
- **Null and empty operands:**
  - `Like` with a NULL operand is NULL.
  - Empty arrays of the same DataType compare equal.
  - Null-string operands are NULL everywhere.

### Encoders and built-in types
- **XML:**
- Strings keep leading, trailing and whitespace-only content (Part 6
5.3.1.5). NodeSet import opts back into treating whitespace-only strings
as empty with the new `XmlDecoder.TreatWhitespaceOnlyStringsAsEmpty`.
- Layout whitespace around `<Identifier>` values is ignored, and
trailing control characters are stripped from `s=` ids.
  - `XmlElement` ignores DTDs without expanding entities.
- **JSON:**
  - A DateTime without an offset is read as UTC.
- An unmappable `nsu=` NodeId and an unknown `svu=` ExpandedNodeId
decode to a namespace-0 String NodeId (5.4.2.10 / 5.4.2.11).
  - `svr=` is rejected in a NodeId field.
  - Bad matrix dimensions return `BadDecodingError`.
  - The non-strict body stack stays balanced after an error.
  - The nesting limits match between encoder and decoder.
- **Binary:**
  - `MaxByteStringLength` no longer applies to strings.
- ExtensionObject bodies count toward the nesting limit on seekable
streams (and in the XML encoder).
- **Parsing:**
  - The NodeId parser requires `i=`/`s=`/`g=`/`b=`.
  - `ExpandedNodeId.Parse` rejects an empty `nsu=`/`svu=`.
  - NumericRange rejects a trailing `,` with `Bad_IndexRangeInvalid`.
  - RelativePath escapes `#`.
- **Status codes:** `StatusCode.WithSubCode`/`WithCodeBits` keep the
severity bits and look up the symbolic id for the new code.
- **Variant / VariantHelper:**
- `TryCastTo` returns false on a type mismatch. So
`DataValue.GetValue<T>(default)` returns the default, and
`GetValueOrDefault` / `CastTo` throw `BadTypeMismatch` as documented.
  - `System.DateTime` casts are supported.
  - Concrete encodeable arrays (e.g. `Argument[]`) no longer throw.
- `ConvertTo` keeps one-element and empty arrays as arrays and checks
the conversion is legal for empty arrays.
- `CastFrom(object[])`, `CastFrom(Enum[])` and the obsolete
`Variant(object)` constructors keep the array shape (previously a
one-element array collapsed to a scalar and an empty one to Null).
- `TypeInfo.Unknown` / `Variant.Null.TypeInfo` report `ValueRanks.Any`.
- **Equality and hashing contracts fixed:**
- Types: Matrix/MatrixOf, typed-null Variants, NodeId (the namespace
index is now hashed), ExpandedNodeId, LocalizedText, DiagnosticInfo,
StructureDefinition/EnumDefinition, CertificateIdentifier, UserIdentity
and DateTimeUtc.
  - `MatrixOf.Dimensions` returns a copy.
  - Decimal equality and hashing now run in bounded time.
- **Localized text:** a LocalizedText with locale `"mul"` and no usable
translations, or null client locale ids, no longer throw.

### NodeSet, address space and utilities
- **NodeSet export/import:**
- Server index 0 is the local server on import and export, so local ids
are no longer written as `svr=65535`.
- `StructureDefinition.BaseDataType` is filled from the supertype on
import.
- **`NodeTable.Import`:** replaces duplicates, keeping the references
neighbouring nodes hold. `TypeTable.Add` detaches a re-parented type
from its old supertype, and `Node.Clone` gets its own ReferenceTable.
- **`StringTable` / `NamespaceTable`:** capped at UInt16 indexes
(`BadEncodingLimitsExceeded`) for Append and Update, instead of silently
wrapping.
- **Small fixes:**
  - `UnsecureRandom.Shared` is seeded randomly.
  - The peer's RetryAfterMs is clamped to one day.
- The `CancelAsync` and `string.GetHashCode(StringComparison)` polyfills
match BCL behaviour.
  - `CoreUtils.IsEqual` compares strings ordinally.

### Schema generation and ComplexTypeSystem
- **JSON schema:** describes the 1.05 layout with the compact/verbose
null rules, and now validates real `JsonEncoder` output.
- **XSD:**
- `EncodingMask` (`xs:unsignedLong`) only for
StructureWithOptionalFields.
  - Guid and StatusCode are complex types.
  - Standard types are in the `Types.xsd` namespace.
- **Structure-backed OptionSets** are described as `{Value, ValidBits}`.
New `UaTypeDescription.IsStructureOptionSet` property and constructor
overload.
- **ComplexTypeSystem:**
- A malformed type in a server dictionary is skipped per type instead of
discarding the whole dictionary.
  - Cyclic supertype walks are bounded.
  - Declared definitions are no longer changed.
  - A dictionary validator is kept only if the dictionary parsed.

### Certificates and trust lists (Part 4 6.1.3, Part 12)
- **Revocation:**
- Checked for issuers supplied in the peer's chain and for
inline-trusted issuers, against the CRLs in the trusted and issuer
stores.
  - A store without CRL support no longer hides "revocation unknown".
- `RejectUnknownRevocationStatus` is honoured for inline-trusted issuers
unless the entry sets `SuppressRevocationStatusUnknown`. This changes
the strict case of `ExplicitIssuerChainIsHonoredWithoutStorePathAsync`.
- **Basic constraints / path length** violations fail with
`Bad_CertificateInvalid`.
- **`TreatAsInvalid`:**
- Now yields `Bad_CertificateUntrusted`, which can't be suppressed or
auto-accepted.
- It is honoured on individual trust-list entries even when the
certificate is also in a store.
- **`EccEncryptedSecret`:** enforces the result of validating the sender
certificate.
- **`TrustListTransaction`:**
- Routes each CRL to the store holding its issuer
(TrustedCrls/IssuerCrls).
- Validates staged CRLs, including the store's CRL support, before
changing anything.
  - Applies certificates before CRLs.
- **Other:**
- One failing `CertificateChanges` observer no longer stops the others.
- `InMemory:` stores share their contents per path, and
`InMemoryStoreProvider` is `IDisposable`.

### WoT (`Opc.Ua.Types/Wot`)
- **Projection security:** projection security schemes whose qualified
names collide are refused. New diagnostic
`WotDiagnosticCode.ProjectionSecurityConflict = 6063`.
- **Input handling:**
- Invalid Unicode (lone surrogates, bad UTF-8) is rejected as
`JsonException`.
  - External-schema results are keyed per affordance.
  - A duplicate security-floor member is rejected.
  - `nsu=` ids are percent-encoded (Part 6 5.1.12).
  - The configured JSON depth is honoured on re-parse.
  - An oversized document is reported before it is parsed back.
- **Performance and limits:**
- Subtype-graph validation, `componentOf` linking and the namespace
table are now linear.
  - Namespaces are capped at UInt16.

### New or changed public API
- `ICertificateValidatorProvider` (server)
- `SecurityPolicyInfo.GetUserTokenSignatureData(...,
MessageSecurityMode)` overload
- `XmlDecoder.TreatWhitespaceOnlyStringsAsEmpty`
- `UaTypeDescription.IsStructureOptionSet` plus a constructor overload
- `WotDiagnosticCode.ProjectionSecurityConflict`
- `StatusCodes.BadIndexRangeDataMismatch` in the `Opc.Ua.Types` list
- `InMemoryStoreProvider : IDisposable`

## Not changed / open
- **Deferred:**
- S1-14 (BSD OptionSet size needs the base type in `UaTypeDescription`,
and BSD is deprecated).
- C2-7 (restoring the own-certificate trust exemption would accept
certificates the spec says to reject; removing the dead code is a
separate decision).
- A1-4 (config values keep surrounding whitespace, as the pre-April-2026
loader did).
  - H-2 (JsonDecoder has no real nesting counter).
- A2-3 (the StringTable cap also applies to diagnostics tables; default
`MaxArrayLength` already bounds them).
- **Needs a product decision:**
- The general `ConvertToString` writes a QualifiedName as `ns:Name`,
while Table 121 drops the namespace.
  - Short (< 32 byte) client nonces are accepted on None channels.

## Verification
- Every commit added a regression test that fails without its fix, where
practical.
- Before the rebases, with all audit and review fixes (before the `Spec:
#…` commits): 0 build warnings and 16 test suites green on net10.0. The
suites: Types, Core, Core.Encoders, Core.Security, Core.Schema, Client,
Client.ComplexTypes, Server, Sessions, Gds, History, Features,
Redundancy.Server, PubSub, WotCon and WotCon.Bindings. Core hit its
known intermittent end-of-run hang once, and reruns were clean.
- The `Spec: #…` fixes were verified per group on their own suites.
Those include PubSub.Udp, Redundancy.PubSub, PubSub.Server,
Configuration and SourceGeneration.Core.
- **Not yet built or tested on this base.** It was rebased onto master
(resolving overlaps with #4522, #4540 and #4564) and then onto #4569.
This PR stays a draft until the full run on this base is green.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: marcschier <11168470+marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-29 11:14:15 +00:00
romanett a0d569d756 Fix Server and GDS audit findings, review findings and spec-conformance gaps (#4571)
## Summary

Fixes the findings of a bug audit of `Opc.Ua.Server`,
`Opc.Ua.Gds.Server` and `Opc.Ua.Gds.Client`. Rebased on master after
#4516.

What went in:
- **Audit:** 93 findings, each checked against the OPC UA specification.
- **Code review of those fixes:** 35 further findings.
- **Spec grounding of every fix commit:** 18 conformance gaps, now
closed.

Commits are one per finding, named `Fix <ID>`, `Fix review <ID>` or `Fix
spec gap <name>`. The IDs refer to the audit report (S = Server areas,
G1 = GDS server, G2 = GDS client).

Validation:
- Each finding was traced in code and checked against OPC 10000 (parts
3, 4, 5, 9, 11, 12, 13, 18, 20).
- Every fix commit was checked against the spec text again afterwards: 0
non-conformant, remaining gaps fixed.
- Regression tests were added for most fixes.
- Suites run on net10.0 before the rebase: Server, GDS, History,
Configuration, Features, Core.Security, DI, Redundancy, LDS,
InformationModel, PubSub.Server, Client, Sessions and the three
Subscriptions suites, all green. The same suites on the rebased branch
are still running; results will be posted as a comment.

## Behaviour and user-facing changes

### Secure defaults
- **`Historize()` / `HistorianBuilder`** grant HistoryRead only. History
writes need an explicit `historyAccessLevel: HistoryRead |
HistoryWrite`.
- **File-system mount:**
- Anonymous sessions can no longer create, delete, move or open files
for writing (`Bad_UserAccessDenied`).
  - UserWritable and UserExecutable now reflect the user.
- `AllowAnonymousWrite` restores the old behaviour; the ReferenceServer
sample turns it on.
- **Default PKI root** for the hosted server, hosted GDS, hosted LDS and
`OpcUaApplicationConfigurationProvider`:
- Moved from the shared temp directory to `{LocalApplicationData}/OPC
Foundation/{ApplicationName}/pki`, and startup fails if no per-user
directory exists.
- When certificate stores of an earlier version still exist under temp,
a warning names both paths. Existing deployments that relied on the
default get a new application certificate (and the hosted GDS a new CA)
unless `PkiRoot` is set to the old path.
- **GDS:**
  - `GdsServerOptions.AutoApprove` defaults to `false`.
- The default KeyCredential store grants no roles unless
`AuthorizeRoles` allows them.
- Certificate requests (StartSigningRequest, StartNewKeyPairRequest,
FinishRequest) need an encrypted channel.
- **Hosted server anonymous logins:**
- Anonymous is rejected (`Bad_IdentityTokenRejected`) when the default
authenticator options disable it.
- A custom `AddIdentityAuthenticator<T>()` on its own no longer disables
anonymous.
- With anonymous disabled and no configured token policies, the endpoint
advertises the authenticators' token types instead of Anonymous.
- **Runtime-added roles:** their properties and methods need
SecurityAdmin over an encrypted channel, like the well-known roles.
- **Disabled users:** users disabled through Part 18 UserManagement can
no longer log in through `RegisterDefaultAuthenticators(IUserDatabase)`.

### GDS server (Part 12)
- **Certificate requests:**
- FinishRequest / ReadRequest with another application's RequestId
returns `Bad_InvalidArgument`.
  - Every Start*Request returns a new RequestId.
- A CSR without the ApplicationUri is rejected
(`Bad_CertificateUriInvalid`).
- An abstract or unsupported certificate type is rejected at Start
(`Bad_InvalidArgument`).
- **Private-key password:** no longer persisted in the JSON applications
database. A password saved by an earlier version is read into memory
once and dropped on the next save.
- **CheckRevocationStatus:** validates offline against the GDS's own
trust lists and CRLs. It returns Good for good GDS-issued certificates
and `Bad_CertificateInvalid` for input that is not a certificate.
- **Certificate-group trust lists:**
- Writes need CertificateAuthorityAdmin; SecurityAdmin and application
admins are read-only.
  - Writes are validated with the Part 4 certificate validation.
- **AuthorizationService:**
- The legacy RequestAccessToken applies `AccessControl` and issues the
token for the session identity.
- StartRequestToken passes the session identity to every identity-aware
provider.
  - Unknown ResourceIds return `Bad_NotFound`.
- Expired token requests and refresh tokens are pruned, with at most 10
000 pending requests (`Bad_TooManyOperations`).
- **KeyCredential:** requests with PublicKey + SecurityPolicyUri are
rejected with `Bad_SecurityPolicyRejected` (secret encryption is not
implemented); a PublicKey without SecurityPolicyUri is rejected with
`Bad_InvalidArgument`.
- **Audit events:** access-token audit events no longer contain the
password or token data.
- **RegisterTickets / UnregisterTickets:** need the RegistrarAdmin role
when called from a session.
- **Managed application nodes:** moved from namespace 0 to their own
namespace (`ManagedApplicationsNamespaceUri`); the NodeId is the
ApplicationUri, and the mandatory child properties exist.
- **Hosted GDS:**
- New `GdsServerOptions.CertificateGroups`
(`GdsCertificateGroupOptions`), bindable from configuration.
  - The mandatory DefaultApplicationGroup is always present.
  - The default CA subject uses the resolved application name.
- **JSON applications database:**
- A corrupt file throws instead of being silently replaced by an empty
database.
- Saves are atomic and write in place on bind mounts; on net8+ builds
they also follow symlinks and keep the Unix file mode.
  - Issued certificates and trust-list links survive a reload.

### GDS client
- **Trust-list download:**
  - Reads until an empty chunk (Part 20 short reads).
- A size-limit rejection of the final end-of-file read, as sent by
released servers, counts as end of file.
- **Default certificate group:** a null group means
DefaultApplicationGroup, and vendor groups in other namespaces are no
longer mistaken for well-known groups.
- **Status codes and errors:**
  - Missing directory proxies report `Bad_ServerNotConnected`.
- Short or wrongly typed method outputs throw `BadUnexpectedError` /
`BadTypeMismatch`.
- **GdsAccessTokenProvider:** no longer caches a failed client task, and
one caller's cancellation no longer fails other callers.

### Trust lists, push and ConfigurationFile (Part 12 / Part 20)
- **AddCertificate:**
  - `IsTrustedCertificate=false` returns `Bad_CertificateInvalid`.
- Added certificates are validated (Part 4), and a certificate revoked
by a current CRL returns `Bad_CertificateRevoked`.
- **CloseAndUpdate:** validates the uploaded list against its own
certificates and CRLs, not the stores it replaces. Validation failures
are no longer recorded in the server's Rejected store.
- **RemoveCertificate:** removing a trusted or issuer CA that other
certificates still need returns `Bad_CertificateChainIncomplete`.
- **Handles:**
  - Several read handles may be open at once.
- Any open while a write handle exists returns `Bad_NotReadable` /
`Bad_NotWritable`.
  - A write open while any handle is open returns `Bad_NotWritable`.
  - Handles of closed sessions are released.
  - Idle handles close after ActivityTimeout (default 60 s).
- **Status codes:**
- Read clamps to the remaining bytes and no longer enforces the size
limit.
  - Oversized Write / AddCertificate returns `Bad_RequestTooLarge`.
  - Unsupported open modes return `Bad_NotSupported`.
- **ConfigurationFile.CloseAndUpdate:**
  - Empty Targets return `Bad_InvalidArgument`.
- The ConfigurationUpdatedAuditEvent is raised with the configuration
owner as source.
- With the new `IApplicationConfigurationFileTargetProvider`, providers
receive the Targets, a bad target returns Uncertain with per-target
results, and session-interrupting updates are applied after
RestartDelayTime.
- **Default namespace permissions:** namespaces registered after the
first permission lookup now get their NamespaceMetadata default
RolePermissions and AccessRestrictions (no stale negative cache).

### Sessions, identity and roles (Part 18)
- **Session timeouts:** a failure closing one timed-out session no
longer stops the session-timeout monitor.
- **ChangePassword:** an empty old password returns
`Bad_IdentityTokenInvalid`.
- **Removing or disabling a user:** closes only that user's
UserName-token sessions.
- **Role configuration changes:** roles granted by an `ImpersonateUser`
mapping are kept.
- **X509Subject rules:** a certificate subject value containing a quote
never matches an X509Subject rule.
- **`ImpersonateUser` callback:** no longer runs under the global
session lock.
- **Session diagnostics:** LocaleIds are kept as the client sent them,
while null LocaleIds are ignored for translation.

### Subscriptions and monitored items (Part 4)
- **Acknowledgements:** a failing acknowledgement returns a per-entry
Bad status instead of failing the whole Publish.
- **`DiscardedMessageCount`:** counts messages dropped from the
retransmission queue and unsent overflow messages.
- **Durable subscriptions:** transferring a restored anonymous
subscription works (no NullReferenceException).
- **Transferred subscriptions:** sampling and permission checks use the
item's current owner session.
- **Access denied:** a monitored item whose user may no longer read the
attribute gets a `Bad_UserAccessDenied` notification instead of going
silent. Non-Value attributes need Browse permission (RolePermissions
needs ReadRolePermissions), and User* attributes are evaluated per
subscriber.
- **ModifyMonitoredItems:** a SamplingInterval of -1 uses the
subscription's publishing interval.
- **AggregateFilter priming:** needs HistoryRead / ReadHistory
permission and is bounded (100 000 values, bounded page size).
- **Resource leak:** event monitored items no longer leak a consumer
task per create/delete cycle.

### Node management services (Part 3 / Part 4)
- **Reference types:** AddNodes, AddReferences, DeleteReferences and
Browse reject ids that are not ReferenceTypes with
`Bad_ReferenceTypeIdInvalid`. AddNodes, AddReferences and
DeleteReferences also reject abstract ReferenceTypes; Browse still
accepts them (e.g. `HierarchicalReferences` with includeSubtypes).
- **Concurrent AddNodes:** duplicate BrowseNames under one parent get
`Bad_BrowseNameDuplicated`.
- **TranslateBrowsePathsToNodeIds:**
- Requires Browse permission on intermediate nodes and final targets
(RolePermissions and AccessRestrictions).
  - A long RelativePath no longer rejects the whole request.
- **SemanticChangeEvent:**
- Raised once per actual change of a semantic property, whether or not
it is monitored.
  - Also raised for properties with the SemanticChange access-level bit.
  - Reports the owning node's TypeDefinition as AffectedType.
- **Localized diagnostics:** operation-level text is translated when
OperationLocalizedText is requested.

### History and aggregates (Part 11 / Part 13)
- **DeleteRawModified:** an unspecified or reversed range returns
`Bad_InvalidTimestampArgument`, and StartTime == EndTime deletes the
value at StartTime for every provider.
- **ReadAtTime fallback:** reads only the values around each requested
time. A time whose bound is not found within the search limit returns
`Bad_BoundNotSupported` instead of failing the request.
- **ReadProcessed:** a ProcessingInterval shorter than one tick returns
`Bad_AggregateInvalidInputs`.
- **Delta / DeltaBounds:** widen to the next larger signed type when the
result does not fit the source type (e.g. a decreasing unsigned counter,
or an Int16 overflow).
- **Range / Range2:** return the source data type.

### Alarms and fluent API (Part 9)
- **Suppression:** an alarm stays suppressed while any suppression group
is active, and re-evaluation without a state change does not move
TransitionTime.
- **`MonitorVariable(variable)`:** sets SourceNode, SourceName and
InputNode to the variable and makes it a ConditionSource (HasCondition
to the alarm, HasEventSource from the object).
- **Fluent input/output arguments:** InputArguments / OutputArguments
added through the fluent API to a registered method are readable.
- **Root notifiers:** a failed root-notifier registration no longer
leaves an orphaned event worker.
- **State-machine handlers:** exceptions are logged at Error.

### File system (Part 20)
- **Delete / MoveOrCopy:**
  - Only act on direct children of the directory.
- A NodeId whose kind does not match the entry returns `Bad_NotFound` (a
file NodeId can no longer delete a directory).
- Copying a directory into its own subtree returns
`Bad_InvalidArgument`.
- **Locking:**
- An open file, or a directory containing one, cannot be deleted or
moved (`Bad_InvalidState`).
  - The check is atomic with opens.
- While a Delete or Move runs, read opens get `Bad_NotReadable` and
write opens `Bad_InvalidState`.
- **Open:**
- Reserved mode bits or EraseExisting without Write return
`Bad_InvalidArgument`.
  - Read+Write returns `Bad_NotSupported`.
  - Read while a writer is open returns `Bad_NotReadable`.
- **Client `FileSystemErrors`:** maps `Bad_NotReadable` to
`IOException`.
- **RuntimeNodeSet:** well-formed NodeSets with a stray `Model` element,
or two models in one file where one requires the other, now load.

### Server core, hosting and lifecycle
- **`SessionEstablishmentQueueLimit` > 0:**
CreateSession/ActivateSession now queue for a permit. The permit is
acquired before the request is registered, and a waiting handshake
releases its worker through the request-parking policy.
- **Node manager lifecycle:**
  - Add, reload and remove no longer wait for parked Publish requests.
- A Migrate reload racing with CreateMonitoredItems no longer blocks
later lifecycle operations.
  - Late items on retired or removed managers get `Bad_NodeIdUnknown`.
- **HistoryUpdate:** a batch mixing data and event details is bounded by
both limits.
- **Server stop/start:** stopping the server disposes the configuration
watcher and certificate subscription; starting recreates them.
- **Monitored-item queue factory:** a factory supplied by the caller or
the DI container is no longer disposed by the server.
- **Audit events:** each certificate validation error raises its own
AuditCertificate event. A failed OpenSecureChannel without a service
result is audited as failed.

## New public API (additive)
- `IQueuedSessionEstablishmentLimiter`
- `StandardServer.OwnsMonitoredItemQueueFactory` (protected virtual)
- `DefaultPkiRoot.Get` (Opc.Ua.Configuration)
- `TrustList.SetCertificateValidation`
- `NamespaceMetadataRegistry.Invalidate`
- `IApplicationConfigurationFileTargetProvider` and
`ApplicationConfigurationUpdatePlan`
- `GdsServerOptions.CertificateGroups` / `GdsCertificateGroupOptions`
- `InMemoryKeyCredentialRequestStore.AuthorizeRoles`
-
`DefaultManagedApplicationsNodeManager.ManagedApplicationsNamespaceUri`
- `AuthorizationServiceManager.RequestAccessTokenAsync(...,
IUserIdentity?, ...)`
- `AllowAnonymousWrite` on the file-system node manager and its factory
- `IFileSystemHost.TryBeginMutation` / `EndMutation`, replacing
`HasOpenHandles`

## Not fixed / known limitations
- **KeyCredential:** secret encryption with the client's PublicKey
(requests needing it are rejected).
- **CSR SAN restriction:** restricting subject / SAN values copied from
a CSR (CA policy).
- **Ticket signatures:** ticket signature verification (needs a
trusted-signer configuration).
- **FileType Read+Write open:** needs a read/write stream contract in
`IFileSystemProvider`.
- **Custom `IUserDatabase` implementations:** the disabled-user check
still scans all users per login. The built-in stores do a single lookup.
- **64-bit Delta precision:** limited by the calculator's double
arithmetic.

## Tests with changed expectations
Existing tests were updated where they asserted the old behaviour:
- File-system status codes
- Trust-list handle eviction
- `DiscardedMessageCount`
- Localized diagnostics bits
- Delta on unsigned sources
- SourceNode of fluent alarms
- ReferenceServer transfer permission test (now expects
`Bad_UserAccessDenied` notifications)
- `UserDeactivationShutdownReviewTests` (the revoked session is a
UserName login)

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-29 07:26:05 +02:00
Marc Schier c4e0721a29 Add a documentation learning path and fix issues found while verifying it (#4555)
## Summary

### Documentation
- Stage the documentation index as a learning path: a first application,
independent client, server, and PubSub paths, then data and services,
companion models, production, advanced integration, and draft or
experimental capabilities.
- Add Getting started (repository samples or NuGet packages), OPC UA
concepts, Your first information model, and a production readiness
checklist.
- Add Native AOT application publishing, a first PubSub publisher and
subscriber exchange, and the UDP transport options.
- Add or expand contents navigation throughout `docs/`, and keep
contributor documentation separate.
- Correct outdated SDK examples and capability guidance, consolidate
repeated explanations into canonical guides, and repair local links and
heading structure.
- Rewrite What's New in 2.0 as a concise feature overview with short
linked details; keep migration instructions in the Migration Guide.
- Expand the feature catalogue with specification IDs, GDS, LDS, the OPC
10000-21 onboarding registrar, ISA-95, xRegistry, OpenUSD, and
sample-local models; distinguish draft status, explain crypto
pluggability, and bring performance guidance forward.
- Address review feedback on wording, active monitored items during
shadow reload, and the `Samples.md` filename and references.
- Regenerate the `opcua-v20-migration` plugin's bundled copy of the
migration guides so it matches the edited `docs/migrate/2.0.x` guides.
- Merge the latest `master`, preserving upstream resource-isolation
guidance within the task-based documentation index.
- Retain deferred Lingity findings where appropriate; this PR does not
claim that every document meets the Lingity score thresholds.

### Fixes found while verifying the guides
Each fix has regression tests that fail without it.
- **Client:** V2 subscriptions compared their lifetime with the
operation timeout instead of the session timeout, and logged a spurious
warning. `ISubscriptionEngineContext`, which is new in 2.0, gains a
`SessionTimeout` property; implementations must add it.
- **PubSub:** a subscriber now registers the `DataSetMetaData`
configured on its readers (OPC 10000-14 6.2.9.4), and the UADP decoder
decodes DataSetMessages that carry no ConfigurationVersion. Before, a
secured subscriber of the reference sample received no DataSets.
- **Source generator:** a ModelDesign method that declares its arguments
inline, without a method type, produced code that did not compile; it
now uses `MethodState`. The generated code of existing models is
unchanged.
- **MinimalClient sample:** waits for its first data-change notification
before it disconnects.

### Known issues, not addressed here
- UDP multicast: the publisher does not send on the interface that the
subscriber joins, and `MulticastLoopback` defaults to false. The PubSub
guide uses unicast for the exchange on one computer.
- The UDP metadata announcement is sent unsecured on secured writer
groups; a secured subscriber drops it with a warning.
- A server does not start in globalization-invariant mode, because
`ResourceManager` creates `CultureInfo("en-US")`. The Native AOT guide
cautions against the mode.

## Validation
- `git diff --check` and
`./.azurepipelines/validate-migration-plugin.ps1` (15 bundled migration
docs validated, plugin manifests synchronized).
- Local Markdown links, anchors, file-link casing, and contents lists
checked across all 87 documents under `docs/`. The index links every
top-level guide and every target of the previous index.
- Both Getting started routes, Your first information model, the PubSub
exchange, and the Native AOT publish of the Getting started client and
server were run as documented. The NuGet route and the tutorial use the
public `2.0.0-preview.5` packages.
- The changed libraries build for all target frameworks in Release
without warnings.
- Tests on .NET 10: Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Tests 199 passed;
Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Core.Tests 3,977 passed, 8 skipped;
Opc.Ua.Server.Tests `Fluent` category 621 passed; Opc.Ua.Client.Tests
subscription-engine tests 70 passed; Opc.Ua.PubSub.Tests 1,374 passed, 2
skipped; PubSub fuzz replay 145 passed. The new and affected tests also
pass on .NET Framework 4.8.
- Earlier merge validation: 174 resource-isolation tests passed on .NET
10.
- The full solution suite was not run locally.

Review and validation artifacts are maintained outside the repository.

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-28 19:19:39 +00:00
Marc Schier f9892020a3 Add configurable server resource isolation (#4541)
# Description

Add configurable server resource isolation on top of the merged #4522
foundation.

- Coordinate connection, handshake, retained-message,
session-establishment, queue, execution, request-cost and parked-request
limits through one server-scoped provider.
- Keep configured startup, continuity/reconnect, control and
trusted-owner reservations inside existing totals. Shared capacity
remains usable up to explicit owner ceilings.
- Use authoritative Session membership for reassembly continuity
capacity without granting unrelated resource or rate privileges.
Preserve explicit owner mappings and bounded tracking.
- Cache immutable classification evidence while retaining current
Session and classifier checks.
- Support weighted request ordering or FIFO independently of resource
accounting. Installed providers enforce decoded-request limits in both
modes.
- Preserve fail-fast reassembly, valid Abort handling, fixed deadlines,
active-work protection, reverse-connect handoff and bounded OpenAPI
processing.
- Support custom-handler parking through `IRequestParkingPolicy`,
`WithRequestParking(...)`, and `RequestLifetime.ParkSink`. Parking
releases execution capacity only, keeping retained-data and parked
charges until completion. Built-in Publish and the global opt-out remain
unchanged.
- Provide direct, fluent and DI configuration, public incoming-request
parking support, effective startup limit logs and user-facing
documentation.

Balanced remains the default. SharedOnly without an explicit provider
retains shared behavior for intentionally incompatible/unlimited
configurations. Reservations are finite and are not one full-message
allowance per Session.

## Related Issues

Builds on merged #4522. Fixes #4554.

## Review and CI corrections

All three previously missed findings in [review
5326734718](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/pull/4541#pullrequestreview-5326734718)
are addressed in `9e25e4ecc`:

1. A custom FIFO provider receives RequestQueue, RequestQueueBytes,
RequestExecution and ParkedRequest accounting. A blocked head cannot be
overtaken.
2. `IResourceIsolationReassemblyProvider` replaces the sessionless
threshold independently of `UseFairScheduling`. The aggregate byte
ceiling remains enforced.
3. Runtime `ReservedReassemblyBytes` includes all configured protected
stage floors, including ControlReserved.

The review's two already-resolved changes remain intact.

The CI collection race was fixed at its source in `e1a994a4b`:
`ArrayOf.ToArrayOf` treats a separately read collection count as an
initial capacity hint and grows/trims for the actual enumeration.
Deterministic tests cover growth, shrinkage and stale-zero counts.

The subsequent recovery-test race was fixed in `05753ce77`: fake time
advances only after a gated keepalive response has been processed and
reset its timer, not merely after request arrival. Recovery-order and
timeout assertions remain intact, with additional response-state
assertions. Instrumentation reproduced the original failure twice; both
fixed variants passed 400 executions per framework.

CodeQL alert 388 was verified and dismissed as a false positive. Startup
logs contain aggregate numeric capacities, not credentials or caller
identities.

## Validation

| Scope | Result |
| --- | --- |
| Latest automated checks at `05753ce7775a58801b4ba9d8f6d7781b709d0b89`
| 167 successful, one package-publication check skipped, no failures |
| Remaining external prerequisite | `license/cla` pending: Contributor
License Agreement is not signed yet |
| FIFO/weighted queues, custom parking and server-channel selection |
175 passed on each net10.0/net48 |
| Isolation, configuration and parking-hosting selection | 259 passed
net10.0; 257 passed net48 |
| ArrayOf conversion tests | 73 passed on each net10.0/net48 |
| Recovery-audit and keepalive fixtures | 40 passed on each
net10.0/net48 |
| NativeAOT smoke from preceding updates | Published and executed
successfully |

No tests, assertions, coverage thresholds, or required checks were
weakened. The remaining CLA prerequisite must be completed through [CLA
Assistant](https://cla-assistant.io/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard?pullRequest=4541).

This is not CTT certification or an unconditional network-DDoS,
whole-process-memory or fleet-wide guarantee.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [x] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: marcschier <11168470+marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-27 21:11:52 +02:00
Marc Schier 46fa7d364a Harden recovery, concurrency, and resource lifetimes across the OPC UA stack (#4516)
# Description

Bound managed-session recovery, preserve Publish workers and recovery
ownership, and address the client, server, transport, and certificate
audit findings and subsequent concurrency review. Also reduce the memory
retained by exhaustive session-test diagnostics.

## Recovery and Publish ownership

- Add `ManagedSessionOptions.ChannelReconnectTimeout` through direct
construction, the fluent builder, and DI. The automatic duration is
`max(3 * KeepAliveInterval, revised SessionTimeout, OperationTimeout)`,
sampled at cycle start. Positive overrides are supported;
`Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan` explicitly opts out. Raw sessions retain
their unlimited default.
- Add `CreateReconnectBudget(TimeProvider)` as a required
`IReconnectParticipant` member, as agreed in review. Custom participants
implement it and may return null for no participant-specific bound.
- Enforce the earliest participant/caller deadline through transport
reconnect, activation/recreation, and subscription restoration. Late
callers can shorten an active cycle but cannot extend it.
- Cancel and unwind recovery, fence late responses, and release channel
recovery ownership before the existing `Faulted` event hands control to
the outer reconnect/failover policy. Preserve session recreate admission
through final Publish cleanup and keepalive suppression until shared
recovery is complete.
- Treat participant budget creation/evaluation failures, including
exceptions at the exact deadline, as terminal shared-recovery failures.
Notify participants before exposing `Faulted`, preserve the original
diagnostic, and never silently replace a finite budget with unlimited
recovery.
- Keep caller-supplied replacement channels, managed bindings, wrapper
event subscriptions, and recovery-owner identities consistent across
success, failure, and cancellation. Reject replacement during active
recovery and fence retired callbacks so they cannot clear newer
ownership or suppress later keepalive recovery.
- Retain eligible Publish workers through temporary
subscription-identifier clearing without retaining workers for
never-created or removed subscriptions. Preserve cancellation,
acknowledgement rollback, and drain-before-replacement ordering.
- Coordinate automatic subscription updates with session recovery:
cancel admitted updates, keep them paused across a failed-restoration
handoff, and retry only after explicit restoration completes. This
prevents competing CreateSubscription requests and updates against a
retiring session, while preserving manual recreation, transfer fallback,
and pending option changes.
- Exercise the real ManagedSession, V2 subscription engine, and channel
ready gate with scripted transports and an injected clock. Cover
transfer fallback, deadline handoff, late completions, and resumed
notification delivery.

## Audit and review corrections

- Correct certificate/trust-list transactions, change-pump lifetimes,
validation, peer revalidation, and reset/resource ownership.
- Harden node admission, attribute/range/dimension validation,
monitored-item sampling and lifecycle transitions, event fanout, and
server shutdown. Run lifecycle readiness and compensation outside shared
monitored-item admission, with stale-completion ownership checks.
- Close synchronous node-manager admission before teardown and retain
resources until admitted service, lifecycle, and asynchronous method
work returns. Dispose the monitored-item manager outside both locks,
reject late calls before they can reach it, and forward asynchronous
disposal through the adapter so the master awaits the same completion.
Preserve reentrant shutdown initiation, cancellation/failure unwinding,
and shared cleanup-failure reporting.
- Bound WSS pending-request retention using connection-local wire
handles while preserving caller-visible request handles and translating
Cancel targets. Safely ignore retired replies and drain admitted
send/close users before resource disposal.
- Clarify that the shared `ClientBase` caller-handle sequence is
distinct from the non-wrapping WSS wire allocator. Existing
exhaustion/reopen, late-reply, and Cancel-translation regressions verify
the connection-local contract; no allocator behavior was changed by this
clarification.
- Preserve virtual-node validation and resolver service errors instead
of converting them to cached misses. A mismatched NodeId reports
`BadNodeIdInvalid`; callback type mismatches and resolver service errors
keep their exact status. Per-item boundaries preserve unaffected reads,
writes, history operations, method calls, browse paths, and
monitored-item creation/restoration, including permission-validation
paths. Caller cancellation still propagates; stored-item validation
failures are logged without aborting later restores.
- Correct client file/role/state-machine/streaming APIs, node-cache
behavior, redundancy/failover ownership, and session
configuration/identity handling.
- Cancel each owned peer-discovery scope before disposing it, including
when the bounded wait wins a cancellation-delivery race. Keep late
results out of the endpoint cache and preserve single-flight lookup
ownership.
- Keep materialized alias Browse results synchronized with the live
store by default, preserving explicit startup-only opt-out. Apply
HistoryUpdate service results per value while retaining explicit
all-or-nothing provider APIs.
- Update the directly related feature documentation and add focused
positive, negative, concurrency, and ownership regressions.

## Latest review-feedback corrections

- Fence stale failed lease observations with a successful-confirmation
generation distinct from the revocation epoch. Snapshot it before each
store read, including failed-CAS revalidation, so an old failure cannot
revoke or reschedule a newer lease while fresh ownership loss still
revokes leadership. Preserve independent overlapping acquisitions,
expiry, disposal, and late-success protections.
- Isolate attributable WSS response-decoding errors to their request,
including retired handles. Keep admitted socket sends connection-owned
so caller timeout/cancellation cannot abort sibling requests; shutdown
still cancels and drains those sends.
- Restart keepalive and classic Publish replenishment after successful
session reuse. Retire V2 worker demand after intentional
deletion/disable without confusing that state with temporary recovery
resets.
- Browse virtual directories lazily across continuation pages without
the 1,024-entry snapshot cap. Preserve active-page cancellation, bounded
metadata retention, pushback, and exactly-once asynchronous cursor
cleanup.
- Apply certificate/CRL staging in last-operation order, preflight
required issuer storage before writes, select actual policy-compatible
RSA keys for None endpoints, frame certificate chains independently of
signature OIDs, and preserve admitted validation results during
rejected-writer shutdown.
- Preserve base asynchronous disposal when a legacy override omits its
base call; avoid double derived disposal in the adapter. Let genuinely
admitted nested work finish while rejecting stale captured contexts and
returning null from closed lookup APIs.
- Re-park recovered monitored items if AddNodes rolls back. Give event
compensation a fresh finite deadline, and preserve healthy
Browse/Translate siblings at every reference/path boundary while
retaining starting-node errors and caller cancellation.
- Give final reconnect notifications a live, bounded shutdown-linked
lifetime. Synchronize child state before parent lifecycle handlers
outside the parent transition lock.
- Document the accepted existing policies: direct reverse connections
are single-use without a ReverseConnectManager, and multi-node stream
capacity is shared rather than reserved per node.

The expanded readiness controls also exposed a real generation-handoff
race: an old source could finish draining after activation was deferred
but before readiness tasks were collected, causing the wanted
replacement to be omitted from the wait set. A deterministic test gates
that exact interval; the fix keeps the replacement in the readiness
wait. The original race passed 200 repetitions after the fix. A separate
control now awaits both producer readiness and iterator entry under the
same original deadline, rather than treating those independent signals
as equivalent. Temporary logging and repetition are removed.

## CI integration contracts

The History and Server CI failures exposed integration tests that still
asserted the behavior intentionally changed by the audit fixes. A
Windows WoT negative test raced its caller deadline against upstream
retries. A subsequent Ubuntu Client failure exposed a real
automatic-update versus explicit-restoration race:

- History insertion collisions now verify exact per-value statuses and
all persisted timestamps/values, including preservation of the existing
conflicting entry. Explicit atomic-provider rollback controls remain.
- Alias materialization tests wait for actual publication and verify the
added node plus forward/inverse `AliasFor` references, instead of racing
a startup-only snapshot expectation. Explicit refresh opt-out controls
remain.
- The unavailable-upstream WoT test uses an explicit finite retry policy
through existing DI configuration, preserving its original four-minute
guard and requiring a mapped-value service error before caller
cancellation. Production retry defaults remain unchanged.
- The Client fix retains the exact one-create and late-response
assertions. Three deterministic real-subscription/real-manager cases
cover paused creation, disposal while paused, and cancellation of an
admitted create followed by explicit restoration and a pending option
update. Both composed restoration-deadline cases also prove automatic
updates stay blocked at the outer handoff and resume after restoration.
- The merged-head net48 correction prevents lost peer-resolver
cancellation and distinguishes the harness's delayed initial `Connected`
event from actual outer recovery completion. A deterministic timer-order
test covers both cooperative and cancellation-ignoring resolvers,
cancellation before return, rejection of late cached results, and a
fresh subsequent lookup.
- The remaining CodeQL alert was a false content flow through
`ArrayOf.Count` into an integer-only trust-list summary. Projecting the
same count through `Span.Length` keeps cardinality distinct from
serialized contents without allocating, dropping diagnostics,
suppressing the rule, or dismissing the alert. Five log-contract cases
cover null/empty/nonempty results and mixed chain-capable/fallback
listeners, asserting the exact count, message, and structured
properties.
- Classic transfer acknowledges messages selected for asynchronous
Republish only after their responses arrive. The existing locked
replay-selection decision returns the immediate-acknowledgement subset
to Session, preserving the public transfer API, advertised availability,
and immediate acknowledgement of older gapped messages not selected for
replay. A callback changing `RepublishAfterTransfer` cannot change the
already-selected acknowledgement ownership.
- Transfer integration tests explicitly control acknowledged versus
retained origin messages. Exact assertions distinguish retained replay
from requested fresh initial values by sequence number, client handles,
values, status, and source timestamp. Atomic counters, observed
delivery/keepalive progress, and failure-safe session/file cleanup
replace timing assumptions and racy resets.
- Server lifecycle tests verify the documented independent five-second
compensation deadline rather than requiring a non-cancellable token.
They cancel the actual request, prove compensation and unrelated
monitored-item creation still proceed one tick before the deadline,
preserve the original failure and ownership assertions, and verify the
completed deadline is retired.
- Synchronous and asynchronous directory-browser tests require the exact
provider exception instead of an empty-directory success, then verify
the failed cursor is not enumerated again. These correct expectations
left behind by the intentional, documented provider-error propagation
change; production behavior is unchanged.

No tests were disabled, assertions loosened, coverage thresholds
lowered, or CI checks made optional. Existing platform exclusions and
Explicit debug variants remain.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4514
- Fixes #4515
- Builds on merged #4503 and retains the #4508 publishing-drain
behavior.

## Validation

**Lease-election review correction
(`a13afa641182c70983e16bbcfebf507e666a45a5`):**

The correction is based on the existing upstream merge
`43079e2b851fe338a4082066f8d14abfdafb6e32`. Three deterministic
stale-verdict
cases fail on the original source and pass with separate confirmation
fencing.
Six new cases cover the initial foreign-owner verdict, failed-CAS
revalidation
in both invocation orders, and fresh ownership loss through both read
paths,
including revalidation begun after another successful confirmation.

| Target and configuration | Passed | Failed | Skipped |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| net10.0 Debug | 120 | 0 | 0 |
| net48 Debug | 120 | 0 | 0 |

The selection is the full `Opc.Ua.Core.Tests.Redundancy` namespace,
including
all 38 `SharedStoreLeaseElectionTests` cases and the existing expiry,
clock
rollback, disposal, and overlapping-success regressions. New witnesses
are
`StaleForeignLeaseReadDoesNotRevokeNewerAcquisitionAsync`,
`StaleFailedRevalidationDoesNotRevokeNewerAcquisitionAsync`, and
`FreshForeignLeaseObservationRevokesLeadershipAsync`. They assert
resulting
leadership, exact transitions, independent progress, and the unchanged
expiry
boundary. Retaining the initial generation for the fallback read
independently
makes the fresh-loss-after-confirmation control fail; that mutation was
removed
before the final rebuilt runs.

The successful scoped command is
`dotnet test tests\Opc.Ua.Core.Tests\Opc.Ua.Core.Tests.csproj -c Debug
--no-restore --filter
"FullyQualifiedName~Opc.Ua.Core.Tests.Redundancy"`,
with `CustomTestTarget` and `-f` matching each row and that framework's
assets
restored. Both changed C# files pass formatting and analyzers through
informational severity on both frameworks. These are scoped results, not
a
full-solution test or measured coverage-delta claim. CI monitoring is
paused
for this feedback-only operation; no current-head CI success is claimed.

**Latest CI contract correction
(`1cd1f2047bb5b50c9bf300b1ff710b0b2e935a29`):**

All four failing Server shard 23 jobs in
[run
36120946740](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/36120946740)
reported the same six cases. Two local replays reproduced all six
failures.
The source changes and documentation from `cd43b831a` establish both
intentional
contracts: independent bounded event compensation and surfaced provider
errors.
Only the two test files are corrected; production code and CI policy are
unchanged.

| Target and configuration | Passed | Failed | Skipped |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| net48 Debug | 113 | 0 | 0 |
| net10.0 Release, CI Coverlet settings | 113 | 0 | 0 |

The selection contains `MonitoredItemManagerLifecycleTests`,
`DirectoryObjectStateTests`, `DirectoryBrowserBoundedEnumerationTests`,
and

`EventCompensationReadinessHasFiniteDeadlineWithInfiniteSourceTimeoutAsync`.
Both changed files pass formatting and analyzers through informational
severity
on both frameworks. Independent mutations restoring a non-cancellable
compensation token and swallowing provider errors fail all four
lifecycle
cases and both browser cases, respectively. Both mutations were removed
before
the final passing runs and commit.

The scoped command is `dotnet test
tests\Opc.Ua.Server.Tests\Opc.Ua.Server.Tests.csproj`
with `CustomTestTarget` and `-f` set to the selected framework,
`--no-restore`, and
`--filter
"FullyQualifiedName~MonitoredItemManagerLifecycleTests|FullyQualifiedName~DirectoryObjectStateTests|FullyQualifiedName~DirectoryBrowserBoundedEnumerationTests|FullyQualifiedName~EventCompensationReadinessHasFiniteDeadlineWithInfiniteSourceTimeoutAsync"`.
The modern run additionally uses `-c Release /p:CollectCoverage=true
--collect "XPlat Code Coverage" --settings
tests\coverlet.runsettings.xml`.
These are scoped results, not a full-solution test or measured
coverage-delta claim.
Hosted checks for that commit were pending at publication. The fail-fast
CI
watch was stopped when the requested operation switched to review
feedback;
no current-head CI success is claimed.

**Earlier master merge (`8b15ea6ef9fc2214ac8ec886f373bb3846dd6d6f`, base
`b4136d8e9bab0df680f41d9ef985f519160534b1`):**

The `TcpListenerChannel` conflict preserves both lifetime
responsibilities:
disposal clears the retained peer-certificate chain and unregisters the
quota-scoped message-assembly scheduler. Both fields and all upstream
deadline
handling remain intact. The only additional manual source adjustment
adds the
parentheses required by the existing analyzer around the session-count
fallback.

Master advanced during validation. The initial transport merge
`80303c434ce813cf75aa7fe54a6a32fe2aeafc30` was retained, and the newer
base was
merged normally in `8b15ea6ef9fc2214ac8ec886f373bb3846dd6d6f`, without
rewriting
history. The additional recovery, fluent-pipeline, and test-framework
overlaps
were inspected; the branch's cancellation, validation-error, and
acknowledgement
ownership fixes remain alongside the upstream changes.

Full `UA.slnx` builds passed on net10.0 and net48 with **0 warnings and
0 errors**.
The final scoped tests rebuilt against the committed tree
`2074f8efcb61d8d9c6106e7d6f76ee941940e358`:

| Target | Passed | Failed | Skipped |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| net10.0 | 2,653 | 0 | 0 |
| net48 | 2,529 | 0 | 7 |

The net48 skips are existing platform exclusions: six RSA_DH_AesGcm
nonce cases
and one ClientWebSocket certificate-validation case requiring .NET 7 or
later.
The selection covers transport cleanup, reassembly
budgets/deadlines/admission,
peer-chain ownership, server session binding, fluent lifecycles and
source
generation, reconnect and keepalive, transfer acknowledgements, Publish
queues,
and JSON encoding. Modern-.NET WSS transport and real-server integration
cases
also pass. The resolved file passed solution-relative formatting and
analyzer
verification through informational severity on both frameworks.

These are scoped test results, not unfiltered full-suite or
measured-coverage
claims. Hosted CI was not monitored or repaired as part of this
merge-only
operation.

Selected local results below are overlapping validation runs, not
distinct-test totals.

**Earlier review-feedback batch
(`cd43b831a8f11de3f7d65c3681712a61e3c669a5`):**
The final net10.0 scoped selection passed **471 tests, with no failures
or skips**.
The final net48 solution-root selection passed **439 tests, with no
failures and
one unchanged platform skip**
(`ValidateServerCertificateFallsBackToTlsPolicyErrors`,
which requires newer ClientWebSocket certificate-validation support).
Both full nonincremental solution builds completed with **0 warnings and
0 errors**,
and all **40 changed C# files** passed informational-level
formatting/analyzer
verification. Both frameworks validated the identical final tracked
diff.
The focused matrix covers every one of the 20 current review threads,
including
real mid-frame WSS cancellation, stale admission contexts, directory
continuation
ownership, multi-element Browse/Translate failures, and the readiness
drain race.
The net10.0 solution-root test command has a separate pre-existing
runner conflict:
three unrelated AOT projects reject the VSTest target under
Microsoft.Testing.Platform
2.4.0 and SDK 10. Per-project net10.0 results are recorded separately;
no runner
migration, test exclusion, assertion relaxation, or CI-policy change is
included.
These are bounded selections, not unfiltered full-suite or measured
coverage claims.
At publication of `cd43b831a`, hosted CI was not green: the
`OPCFoundation.UA-.NETStandard` check reported `ACTION_REQUIRED`,
AppVeyor reported
`FAILURE`, and the two signed-build jobs were in progress. No CI jobs
were rerun,
cancelled, approved, or repaired as part of that feedback-only
operation.

**Classic transfer correction
(`f425376fca045794122e19aaf9cafebc4a717d91`):**
The preceding head's
[macOS net10.0 shard
25/30](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/35980326299/job/107570512458)
failed
`TransferSubscriptionTest(DisconnectedRepublish).TransferSubscriptionAsync(True,False)`
at the static-node count assertion: expected 10, received 20. The trace
contains a successful,
explicitly requested republish of retained sequence 1 and a fresh
initial-value batch at sequence 3,
not duplicate dispatch of one response.

Controlled lost origin acknowledgements reproduced that incorrect test
expectation on both the
preceding PR head and exact master base
`a2539cb53dd1666cef856f33812d7a8830d68909`.
The maintainer explicitly authorized correcting this existing issue in
the PR. Retained replay
and requested initial values are independent, as specified by
[OPC UA Part 4,
TransferSubscriptions](https://reference.opcfoundation.org/specs/OPC-10000-4/5.14.7).
The reason that the original hosted run retained its particular origin
message remains unproved.

The expanded full-suite run then exposed a **real production race**, not
just a count assertion:
Session queued acknowledgements for all transferred available messages
before the asynchronous
Republish responses arrived. Publish could delete those messages first,
causing
`BadMessageNotAvailable`. A gated real-Session/classic-engine regression
failed both replay-enabled
cases on the original implementation while both no-replay controls
passed. The ownership fix
passes all 24 combinations of empty/consecutive/unsorted-gapped queues,
replay preference,
sequential delivery, and a reentrant preference change.

All 40 normal real-server transfer cases pass on both frameworks.
Independent mutations
suppressing actual replay and duplicating observed sequence records each
fail the intended
assertion; both mutations were removed. The full classic suite passes on
both frameworks.
Hosted CI was pending when that correction was published; the earlier
failed hosted job was not
rerun for a lucky pass.

**Local net48 caveat:** the full Client run timed out in the
pre-existing fake-clock test
`ReconnectAsyncSwapsFaultedLeaseEntryAsync`, which does not exercise
subscription transfer.
Its unchanged isolated replay passed, but that does not resolve the
full-suite timeout.
No unrelated code or assertions were changed, and a clean full Client
net48 run is not claimed.

| Scope | net10.0 | net48 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Full Client.Tests after transfer acknowledgement correction | 2,549
passed | 2,552 passed, 1 timeout failure noted above, 1 existing
platform skip |
| Full classic-subscription project after transfer correction | 57
passed, including all 40 normal transfer cases | 57 passed, including
all 40 normal transfer cases |
| Gated transferred-message acknowledgement ownership | 24 passed,
included above | 24 passed, included above |
| Saved-session consumer of the shared subscription helper | 40 passed |
16 passed, 24 existing unsupported-security-policy skips |
| Audit regression matrix | 2,339 passed | 1,934 passed, 34 existing
skips |
| Full Client.Tests after review follow-ups | 2,520 passed | Focused
selections only |
| Full Client.Tests after CI recovery correction | 2,523 passed, CI
coverage collector | 2,527 passed, 1 existing platform skip |
| Latest merged-head recovery/redundancy selection | 139 passed | 139
passed |
| Full Client.Tests after merged-head net48 correction | Focused
selection above | 2,529 passed, 1 existing platform skip |
| Lifecycle and actual-dimension regressions | 146 passed | 146 passed |
| Focused recovery follow-ups | 7 passed | 7 passed |
| WSS-related fixtures | 93 passed | Not applicable |
| CI History integration corrections | 28 passed | 28 passed |
| CI alias, dispatcher, and explicit-atomic controls | 63 passed | 63
passed |
| Full WoT sample project with CI coverage collector | 29 passed | Not
applicable |
| Trust-list effects and count-only summary contract | 22 passed | 22
passed |
| Virtual-node feedback, node-manager, dispatcher, and lifecycle
selections | 661 passed, 63 existing not-executed cases; all 48
virtual-node cases passed | 661 passed, 63 existing not-executed cases;
all 48 virtual-node cases passed |
| WSS wire-handle exhaustion, late replies, and Cancel translation | 9
passed | Not applicable |
| Synchronous node-manager disposal and related service/lifecycle suites
| 1,037 passed, 64 not-executed cases from existing fixture assumptions;
all 93 sampling/disposal cases passed | 1,037 passed, 64 not-executed
cases from existing fixture assumptions; all 93 sampling/disposal cases
passed |

- Full solution builds passed on net10.0 and net48 during the audit
work. The subsequent full non-incremental net10.0 build also completed
with zero warnings/errors.
- Modified source/test formatting and analyzer checks passed through
informational severity.
- Original composed recovery regressions passed repeated runs on both
frameworks. Independent mutations removing Publish cancellation,
bypassing the recreate drain call, or ignoring ready-gate cancellation
each failed the intended assertion; all mutations were restored before
passing runs.
- The latest recovery correction passed 100 executions of each original
restoration-deadline scenario with unchanged assertions. Restoring
premature update admission independently made both strengthened handoff
cases fail; the correct retention behavior was restored afterward.
- Startup-event and cancellation-delivery timing probes reproduced the
subsequent net48 failures, then passed 100 executions of each of the
three scenarios with the fixes. All timing probes and repetition were
removed. The permanent timeout-order regression also went RED on the
original cancellation cleanup without sleeps or scheduling
amplification.
- Final post-format recovery/subscription/engine checks passed all 151
selected cases on net10.0. The first local full net48 attempt aborted in
`clr.dll` with native access violation `0xc0000005`; an
unchanged-assembly full diagnostic rerun passed as recorded above. That
native host crash has not been attributed or claimed fixed.
- A minimal replay with the same CodeQL CLI and query-pack versions
reproduced the custom-count alert and confirmed that the standard
span-length projection is clean while direct sensitive-value and
raw-identifier logging controls remain flagged. The source was already
logging only a count; no identifier or certificate disclosure was
established at the reported location.
- The virtual-node feedback regressions first reproduced five
error-preservation/cache failures; expanded service-dispatch cases
exposed two additional whole-batch failures before the
operation-boundary fixes. The final selections pass on both frameworks.
Genuine misses remain cached, successful results remain reusable, failed
validation allows same-cache retry, and request cancellation still stops
the batch.
- Three deterministic synchronous-manager disposal regressions
reproduced early resource release and lifecycle calls reaching a manager
during disposal. The fix passes direct and adapted calls, a
sampling-worker join after the last operation exits, reentrant shutdown,
cancellation and failure paths, repeated disposal, and exact rejection
across 39 service/lifecycle entry points both during drain and after
cleanup. The original outside-node-lock disposal regression remains and
now requires the worker to observe closed admission.
- Prior-head CI on `c985f8bded77a60449d9cd381c8a004d8590ccf6` completed
with **168 passing checks, one expected release-package-publication
skip, and no failures or pending checks**. All test shards, signed
builds, container builds, the coverage check, and the CodeQL PR check
passed. Hosted CodeQL analysis `1829262912` completed successfully and
marks count-flow alert 385 fixed. This is evidence for that head, not a
claim that subsequent review follow-ups have completed hosted CI.

### Session-test diagnostic memory

Complete browse listings are streamed to unique NUnit attachments rather
than retained in inline NUnit/VSTest output. Detached regression-test
results are cleaned up without deleting runner-collected attachments.

- Two covered session-suite runs each completed with 782 passed and 379
existing skips. Peak working set fell from 4.86 GiB to 2.44-2.78 GiB.
- TRX output shrank from 303.1 MiB to approximately 40.7 MiB, retaining
all 46 complete browse attachments.
- Seven output regressions cover exact content, empty/single/large
listings, disabled/enabled output, bounded inline summaries, and unique
filenames.

The separate Azure build-18452 VM deprovisioning cause remains unproved
without provider logs. The memory measurements do not establish its
cause.

Unfiltered local `UA.slnx` tests, including the long stress/soak suites,
have not been run on both frameworks. A local coverage delta was not
collected; builds and focused tests are not substitutes for those
claims.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] All checks on the latest review-follow-up head have completed
successfully; prior-head CI passed as recorded above.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

Tests have been added and pass as recorded above; the hosted coverage
check passed on the prior head identified above. The combined
tests/coverage-increase checkbox remains open because no local coverage
delta was measured.

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Copilot-Session: 68f26810-22b8-476f-abcd-0a8c82d6e208
2026-09-25 14:59:34 +00:00
Cristi Pogacean 5fa272d89a Fix instance-scoped certificate store resolution and consumers (#4546)
## Summary
Route certificate operations through the providers registered on the
configured manager, so custom stores work consistently during
validation, key loading, provisioning and GDS operations.

- Add optional `ICertificateStoreResolver`, implemented by
`CertificateManager`, without adding members to `ICertificateManager` or
removing existing public signatures.
- Use scoped resolution for configuration validation, startup and
cold-cache private-key lookup, application certificate
provisioning/reuse/deletion, existing-key GDS signing requests, and
hosted TrustList access.
- Preserve built-in lookup when no resolver is available, private-key
lookup fallbacks, access checks and transaction behavior. Resolver
failures do not silently fall back to Directory. Returned stores remain
caller-owned; TrustList retains cached-store disposal.
- Add regression coverage for instance isolation, mixed provider types,
real private-key reuse, rotation lookup, cancellation/failure disposal,
unavailable-key rejection, CSR output and TrustList lifetime. Document
the optional capability.

Fixes #4527
Fixes #4528
Fixes #4529
Fixes #4530
Fixes #4531

## Validation
Change-scoped Release tests on Windows, on base `5d26f6f43`:

| Fixture selection | net10.0 | net48 |
| --- | ---: | ---: |
| CertificateManagerFactoryTests + CertificateManagerTests | 71 passed |
71 passed |
| ApplicationInstanceTests | 56 passed | 56 passed |
| TrustListTests + ConfigurationNodeManagerPushTests | 147 passed | 147
passed |

All six selections exited 0 with zero failures or skips. Changed-file
whitespace verification and `git diff --check` passed.

Fresh no-fix comparisons retained the new resolver API/manager
implementation, but reversed the validation, provisioning and CSR
consumer fixes: validation had 2 custom-store failures / 1 built-in
control pass; provisioning had 4 custom-store failures / 1 built-in
control pass; CSR had 1 custom-store failure / 1 built-in control pass.
Failures reported unknown custom store types or invalid custom trust
stores. All consumer source changes were restored, rebuilt, and the full
focused net10.0 selections passed again.

Earlier TrustList regression evidence is recorded in #4531: its before
comparison retained the constructor injection boundary while exercising
the old store-opening path. It was not a test against an entirely
unextended API.

The complete platform/framework matrix is left to PR CI; no full local
matrix or completed CI qualification is claimed. Local restore used
command-line-only NuGet v2/feed-audit overrides; no repository feed,
test or contribution guidance was changed.
2026-09-25 12:13:31 +00:00
romanett d6356766c5 Resolve the open CTT findings: aggregate fixes, de-DE ApplicationName and CTT configuration (#4545)
# Description

Resolves the open items of `plans/ctt-issues.md` (*Needs clarification*,
*Open server findings*, *CTT project configuration notes*). Each item
was checked against the OPC 10000 spec text. A server change was made
only where the server was wrong, and every server change has a
regression test. CTT script and oracle defects are filed in Mantis
instead.

### Server changes (`Opc.Ua.Server`)

- **NumberOfTransitions honours TreatUncertainAsBad.**
- Part 13 §5.4.3.24 does not count Bad values. §4.2.1.2 makes Uncertain
values "equivalent to Bad" when TreatUncertainAsBad is True, and the
aggregate definition doesn't override that.
- Uncertain values are therefore no longer counted, and no longer used
as the previous value, when the setting is True. The now unused
`TimeSlice.NonBadEarlyBound` is removed.
- **DurationInStateZero/NonZero status follows the variable's
interpolation.**
- §5.4.3.2.2: "A region is Uncertain if a region ends in a Bad or
Uncertain value and SlopedInterpolation is used."
- The calculator always built stepped status regions. So on a sloped
variable, the last region stayed Good while TimeAverage2 and Total2 over
the same interval were already Uncertain.
  - The duration value doesn't change.
- **AnnotationCount returns `Bad_NoData` and sets Partial.**
- Table 68 requires `Bad_NoData` for intervals before the start or after
the end of data. §5.3.3.2 requires the Partial bit for incomplete
intervals.
- `HistorianDispatcher` now derives the start and end of data from the
raw history (read with bounds) plus the annotation timestamps. It passes
them to a new `CalculateAnnotationCounts` overload; the old overload is
unchanged.
- Three existing dispatcher tests change their expectations. For
example, a node without any data now returns `Bad_NoData` instead of
Good zeros.

### Reference server sample and CTT configuration

- **`de-DE` ApplicationName.** The server advertises `de-DE` in
LocaleIdArray, but FindServers and GetEndpoints always returned the
en-US name. The sample now keys the ApplicationName and registers en-US
and de-DE translations (Part 4 §5.5.2.2 / §5.5.4.2 localeIds).
- **Subscription limit.** `Max Supported Subscriptions` in
`samples/UAReferenceServer.ctt.xml` and `MaxSubscriptionCount` in
`Ctt.ReferenceServer.Config.xml` go from 100 to 200. Subscription
Publish Min 05 `003.js` needs 190 subscriptions.
- **Alarm Cycle Time.** The CTT template's Alarm Cycle Time is 30 s. At
60 s it equalled `RequestedSessionTimeout`, so a Limit/Level CU that
starts a run finds its session expired (C40).

### Tests only

- **AddNodes duplicate BrowseName test:**
`AddNodeAsync_DuplicateBrowseNameUnderParent_ReturnsBadBrowseNameDuplicatedAsync`
never ran. Its items had no TypeDefinition, so its `Assume` always made
it inconclusive. The finding it belongs to (AddNodes after a rename
returning `BadNodeIdExists`) was already fixed by #4477.
- **RequestHandle echo:** a new test covers the ServiceFault for an
oversized argument in a chunked request (already fixed by #4488).
- **Value-based status:** a new test covers the aggregate status with
TreatUncertainAsBad = false (already fixed by #4503).

### Not changed

- **GDS QueryApplications/QueryServers still return records with
ServerCapability `NA`.** OPC 10000-12 §6.5.10/§6.5.11 says they "shall
not", but the CTT GDS scripts expect those records. Implementing the
exclusion turned 40 GDS test cases from pass to error, so it waits for
the script fix ([Mantis
11458](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11458)).
- **Idle SecureChannels are still closed after `ChannelLifetime`.**
Keeping them open would be security relevant. The CTT configuration's
`ChannelLifetime` of 120000 (#4502) covers the CTT case.

### Mantis issues filed

| Id | Issue |
| --- | --- |
| C51 | [11458](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11458) GDS
scripts expect NA records in query results |
| C52 | [11459](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11459) A &
C Refresh scripts leak subscriptions on the shared alarm session |
| C53 | [11460](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11460)
`StartThreadPublish.js` defaults misspelled properties |
| U2 | [11461](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11461)
Minimum2 oracle on reverse reads |
| U4 | [11462](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11462) Part
13 clarification: TreatUncertainAsBad and simple bounds (DeltaBounds) |

The A & C `BadSubscriptionIdInvalid` failures (Refresh, Refresh2,
Shelving) come from CPU load: with other processes at 100 % CPU, all
subscriptions of the CTT alarm session expire within one second. This
happens with and without this PR (3 of 3 loaded runs, 0 of 2 idle runs).

### CTT verification

CTT 1.05.06, scripts 1.05.513, compared at test-case level against a
build of the starting commit:

| Group | Before | After |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Aggregates | 4,562 error messages | 4,186. NumberOfTransitions: 12
test cases go from error to pass. AnnotationCount
`005-01.js`/`005-02.js` pass. NumberOfTransitions
`003-02.js`/`004-02.js` now fail because of C1 ([Mantis
11420](https://mantis.opcfoundation.org/view.php?id=11420)): they
request TreatUncertainAsBad = false, but the harness makes the server
use its default of true. |
| Discovery | 10 warnings | 0. Find Servers Filter `003.js`/`006.js` and
Get Endpoints `002.js` pass. |
| Subscription | – | Publish Min 05 `003.js` goes from warning to pass.
|
| Historical Access, GDS, Node Management | – | no new failures |

`plans/ctt-issues.md` is updated: resolved items leave the open
sections, and the new Mantis issues are recorded.

## Related Issues

- Related to #4479 (CTT configuration notes)
- Follows #4502

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

Tests run locally on net10.0 after merging master:

| Project | Filter | Passed |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` | Aggregate, Historian, NodeManagement, Publish,
Subscription | 1,419 |
| `Opc.Ua.Core.Tests` | TcpServerChannelBuffer | 65 |
| `Opc.Ua.History.Tests` | Aggregate, Annotation | 67 |
| `Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests` | discovery locale tests | 8 |

Before the merge, the whole `Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests` ClientTest fixture
passed (372 passed, 0 failed).

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-25 12:30:25 +02:00
Cristi Pogacean 996de3ba1b Preserve partial runtime type loads and complete imported metadata (#4547)
## Summary
Keep successfully loaded runtime definitions available when some types
cannot be resolved, and complete derivable metadata for imported server
structures.

- In `ComplexTypeSystem.LoadAsync`, report incomplete loading with
`false` while still committing successfully staged definitions when
dictionary loading is disabled. `LoadNamespaceAsync` is unchanged.
- In the server address-space resolver, clone an incomplete
`StructureDefinition` and fill missing BaseDataType / DefaultEncodingId
from the type tree and Default Binary reference. Keep the imported
definition untouched; explicit metadata is not overwritten.
- Add regressions for partial enum registration and imported
structure/encoding registration, including source-definition
immutability.

Fixes #4532
Fixes #4533

## Validation
Windows Release, net10.0, base `b4136d8e9`:
- Both new regressions failed against unchanged production code: the
valid enum and imported structure were absent from their factories (1
failure in each selected test).
- With the fixes, `ComplexTypeSystemCoverageTests`: 19 passed;
`ServerComplexTypeSystemTests`: 16 passed. Both processes exited 0 with
no failures/skips.
- The server fixture was rebuilt and rerun after adding binary-encoding
and source-immutability assertions: 16 passed again.
- Changed-file whitespace verification and `git diff --check` passed.

Validation is change-scoped locally; the complete framework/platform
matrix is left to PR CI. Local restore overrides are command-line-only,
with no feed or repository-guidance changes.
2026-09-25 12:29:11 +02:00
Cristi Pogacean 93abb6a0ed Keep unsent publish messages ready until drained (#4548)
## Summary
Keep a publishing-enabled, session-owned subscription ready when its
constructed notification-message queue still contains unsent messages,
even after the monitored-item queues have drained.

The timer now considers `LastSentMessage < SentCount` alongside ready
monitored items. Messages retained only for retransmission do not keep
the subscription ready. Existing session, publishing-mode, lifetime and
keep-alive checks remain in place.

This fixes delayed delivery of queued messages until keep-alive expiry;
the regression does not establish permanent message loss.

Fixes #4534

## Validation
Windows Release, net10.0, base `b4136d8e9`:
- Both fake-clock regressions (data changes and events) failed against
unchanged production code: expected `NotificationsAvailable`, observed
`Idle` with an unsent message tail.
- With the fix: 77 `SubscriptionTests` cases and 6
`SentMessageQueueTests` cases passed, exit 0, no failures/skips.
- The regression checks three messages delivered in sequence,
MoreNotifications until the tail drains, empty monitored-item queues,
and return to Idle when only retransmission messages remain.
- Changed-file whitespace verification, diagnostics and `git diff
--check` passed.

The complete framework/platform matrix is left to PR CI. No repository
test guidance or restore configuration was changed.
2026-09-25 12:05:50 +02:00
romanett b4136d8e9b Fail oldest Publish request when the queue limit is exceeded (#4543)
# Description

Aligns the server's Publish request admission in `SessionPublishQueue`
with OPC 10000-4 v1.05 §5.14.5.1, which the server previously deviated
from in two ways.

**1. The oldest request is failed, not the new one.** The spec says: "If
the Server receives a new Publish request that exceeds its limit it
shall de-queue the oldest Publish request and return a response with the
result set to Bad_TooManyPublishRequests." Previously `PublishAsync`
rejected the *new* request. Now `FailOldestRequest()` takes the oldest
live request off the front of `m_queuedRequests`, fails it with
`BadTooManyPublishRequests` (`TrySetException` + `Dispose`) and queues
the new request.
- Slot accounting stays exact: if the front request already completed on
its own (cancellation or timeout), it has already released its slot
through `TryRetire` → `RequestCompleted`. It is only disposed, and the
next oldest request is tried.
- Requeued requests (`requeue: true`, the `AddFirst` path used by
`SubscriptionManager` after a false alarm) are the request currently
being processed, not new ones. They skip the limit check and never fail
another request. The pending count can briefly go one over the limit,
but each later new request fails only one oldest request, so the
overshoot never grows.

**2. The limit must exceed the Subscription count.** The spec says "a
Server shall accept more queued Publish requests than created
Subscriptions." With the default `MaxPublishRequestCount` of 20, a
session with ~24 Subscriptions (seen on the CTT A&C alarm session) could
not keep one request per Subscription queued. The effective limit is now
`Math.Max(MaxPublishRequestCount, subscriptionCount + 1)` per session.

### Notes for reviewers
- Behaviour change: a configured `MaxPublishRequestCount` below a
session's Subscription count is now raised silently. Nothing is logged
when that happens.
- Subscriptions currently held by a transfer claim are not counted
toward the effective limit.
- Client-facing effect: a client that over-issues Publish requests now
sees its *oldest* outstanding request return
`Bad_TooManyPublishRequests`. Before, the newest request returned it.

### Tests
- New in `SessionPublishQueueTests`:
- `PublishAsync_QueueFull_FailsOldestRequestAndQueuesNewRequest`: queues
the maximum number of requests, sends one more, and checks that the
first request fails with `BadTooManyPublishRequests` while the new one
stays pending. One more request fails only the second.
  - `PublishAsync_RequeueWhenQueueFull_DoesNotFailQueuedRequests`
  - `PublishAsync_AcceptsMoreRequestsThanSubscriptions`
- Replaced `PublishAsync_QueueFull_ThrowsBadTooManyPublishRequests` and
updated two `SessionPublishQueueAdmissionTests`, which asserted the old
reject-the-new-request behaviour or relied on a limit of 1 with one
Subscription.
- Verified locally on net10.0: `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` filtered to
SessionPublishQueue/Subscription tests (114/114) and
`Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Tests` SessionPublishQueue concurrency tests
(2/2). The full solution has not been run.

## Related Issues

- No tracking issue. Found during CTT triage against OPC 10000-4
§5.14.5.1.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [ ] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-25 07:51:33 +02:00
romanett 96c5ef1623 Run the fluent configure pipeline in FluentNodeManagerBase (#4537) (#4538)
## Proposed changes

Closes #4537. The configure pipeline now lives in
`FluentNodeManagerBase`, so a hand-written fluent node manager only
overrides `ConfigureAsync` and no longer writes
`CreateAddressSpaceAsync` itself.

`FluentNodeManagerBase.CreateAddressSpaceAsync` now:
1. loads the predefined nodes (as `AsyncCustomNodeManager` did before),
2. creates a builder for `NamespaceIndex` with `CreateFluentBuilder`,
3. awaits `ConfigureAsync(builder, ct)`,
4. runs `RegisterAuthoredNodesAsync` and then `CompleteConfigureAsync`,
5. finishes with `SealConfigurationAsync`, which seals the builder,
replays `NotifyNodeAdded`, then activates behaviors and simulations.

### Breaking change (2.0)
Some managers need a different order, for example a post-setup runner
before sealing, a builder for another namespace, or work after sealing.
They must stop calling `base.CreateAddressSpaceAsync`, because that
would now run a second, empty pipeline and seal the manager-owned
registries too early. These managers now call
`LoadPredefinedNodesAsync(SystemContext, externalReferences, ct)` and
keep driving their own pipeline:
- the source-generated `NodeManager` template (the ordering test in
`NodeManagerGeneratorTests` is updated)
- `DiNodeManager`, `Isa95NodeManager`, `PositioningNodeManager`,
`RobotIntentNodeManager`, `VisionNodeManager`
- `samples/OpenUsd/SiteCompositionServer/SiteNodeManager`

These now use the base pipeline:
- `samples/FluentApi/BasicFluentApiServer/BasicFluentNodeManager`
becomes a single `ConfigureAsync` override. Before this change it never
sealed its builder.
- the hosting `FluentNodeManager` (from `AddNodeManager(namespaceUri,
build)`) becomes a `ConfigureAsync` override. It now seals through
`SealConfigurationAsync`, so `OnNodeAdded` handlers wired in the build
delegate fire. Before, it called `builder.SealAsync()` directly and they
did not.

Docs (`NodeManagers.md`, `DeviceIntegration.md`) are updated.
`NodeManagers.md` gets a short hand-written `ConfigureAsync` example.

## Types of changes

- [x] Breaking change (fix or feature that would cause existing
functionality to change)
- [x] Enhancement (non-breaking change which adds functionality)

## Checklist

- [x] I have read the CONTRIBUTING doc.
- [x] I have signed the CLA.
- [x] I ran tests locally with my changes, all passed.
- [x] I fixed all failing tests in the CI pipelines.
- [x] I fixed all introduced issues with CodeQL and LGTM.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works.
- [x] I have added necessary documentation (if appropriate).

## Tests

New `FluentNodeManagerBasePipelineTests`: nodes authored in
`ConfigureAsync` get registered, the Objects-folder reference is
mirrored into `externalReferences`, `OnNodeAdded` fires once, and the
builder is sealed afterwards.

Local run on net10.0, all passing:
- Opc.Ua.Server.Tests (Fluent/Hosting/StateMachine/RuntimeNodeSet
filter): 1286
- Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Core.Tests (NodeManager filter): 40
- Opc.Ua.Di.Tests 426, ISA95 136, Positioning 69, Robotics 636,
Robotics.Intent 22, Vision 484 (+1 skipped), Vision.Intent 14, OpenUsd
921

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-25 07:48:29 +02:00
Marc Schier 57c0a32ed4 Fix incomplete-message buffering and channel cleanup (#4522)
# Description

Fix incomplete-message buffering, channel cleanup, session resource
accounting, and enforcement of existing transport admission settings.

- Share a targeted `ChunkReassemblyBudget` across server listeners. The
reference default is 64 MiB, with a 32 MiB global occupancy threshold
for sessionless intermediate chunks. This is priority headroom for
activated sessions, not a guaranteed bootstrap partition. Single/final
chunks and unrelated response/client buffers remain outside this budget.
- Retain precise incoming/final payload quotas, valid Abort handling
without channel teardown, terminal late-final rejection, and
exactly-once buffer/reservation cleanup.
- Use one assembly timer per quota/clock scope, asynchronous cleanup, a
fixed deadline, a 30-second fallback for non-positive lifetimes, and
best-effort ERR `BadTimeout` before closure.
- Apply negotiated TCP/WebSocket/Pipe receive limits and size pipe
rentals to actual chunks.
- Add the optional `ISessionBindingProvider` and immutable
`SessionBindingContext` seam. Managed membership counts distinct
committed sessions, not responses, and handles reactivation, transfer,
closure, expiry, restoration and shutdown. Read-only snapshots require
token/channel/security validation and never replace service
authorization.
- Wire default and explicitly injected binding providers through raw
TCP, Kestrel and UACP WebSockets; preserve existing callback/manager
interfaces and direct construction.
- Enforce existing `ConnectionRateLimiter` and channel capacity settings
on Kestrel TCP and UACP WebSocket admission, with physical-transport
leases surviving reverse handoff and releasing on cancellation, close,
failed attachment and stop. HTTP/JSON requests are not treated as UASC
channels.
- Add regression coverage and documentation. Stabilize the CI
cancellation test by waiting for the resolver to enter before canceling.

This is the foundation only. New Balanced/FairShare/TrustedReservations
policies, tenant isolation and guaranteed bootstrap reserves belong in
the separate stacked follow-up, not this PR.

## Related Issues

Fixes #4521.

## Validation

| Scope | Result |
| --- | --- |
| Core transport, budget, binding-context and DI tests, net10.0 | 717
passed |
| Core transport, budget, binding-context and DI tests, net48 | 664
passed, 6 platform-specific skips |
| Session bindings, transfer/security/expiry/restore and hosted DI,
net10.0 | 69 passed |
| Same focused Server suite, net48 | 69 passed |
| ServerRedundancyHandlerTests, Release/net48 | 39 passed |
| ConsoleReferenceServer net10.0 | Build succeeded, zero warnings/errors
|
| Server and HTTPS binding netstandard2.1 | Both builds succeeded, zero
warnings/errors |

The new admission fixtures also passed five repeated runs after
correcting asynchronous connection-context disposal. Full-solution
validation, coverage comparison and CI for this update remain pending.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.
2026-09-24 20:12:55 +02:00
Flatscha 490d15cb20 Add support for adding input/output arguments to methods using fluent api (#4519)
# Description

Added extensions for adding arguments to method in fluent api style
Added BasicFluentApiServer project to samples

## Related Issues

Add support for adding input/output arguments to methods using fluent
api #4518

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [x] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-24 14:27:53 +02:00
Marc Schier 138086863b Fix audit findings and review regressions across the OPC UA stack (#4503)
## Scope

Audit fixes and review follow-ups across the OPC UA Core, Client,
Server, transport, and redundancy components. This includes implemented
Tier 1, Tier 2, and Tier 3 work; it does not claim that every item in
the 244-finding audit backlog is complete.

The review batch fixes mandatory full-key record protection and owned
plaintext buffers; transactional pending-certificate claims;
shared-channel nonce and certificate ownership; discovery and
token-policy validation; reconnect/callback ordering without changing
unbounded buffering defaults; server permissions, filters,
monitored-item lifetime, and alarm topology; historian paging,
retention, and annotations; atomic user/password metadata; and canonical
file identities with bounded alias and role refresh workers.

## Review-batch verification at `ab686ccae`

The following results come from fresh test builds using `dotnet test`,
`--no-restore`, `-m:1`, and an explicit `CustomTestTarget`. They replace
the earlier description's library-build/`--no-build` totals, which did
not establish the state of the merged test sources.

| Scope | Target | Passed | Skipped |
|---|---|---:|---:|
| Core review regressions | net10.0 | 827 | 0 |
| Client and lifecycle regressions | net10.0 | 630 | 0 |
| Server review regressions | net10.0 | 1970 | 0 |
| Redundancy Server / Client / PubSub | net10.0 | 276 / 10 / 11 | 0 |
| Sessions / file-and-alias / streaming / HTTPS-WSS integration |
net10.0 | 8 / 21 / 30 / 20 | 0 |
| Core review regressions | net48 | 786 | 39 |
| Client recovery and policy regressions | net48 | 54 | 0 |
| Server ownership, aliases, queues, and user-state regressions | net48
| 137 | 0 |

Every listed run exited successfully. The 39 net48 skips are existing
platform/capability cases. New key-agreement tests assert
unavailable-policy behavior on unsupported targets rather than adding
skips or pretending those targets performed an unsupported handshake.
Additional exact node/permission/filter/alarm checks passed 13 Core and
46 Server cases.

The PR-scoped formatter verification covers 26 projects and 389
non-generated C# files. A Roslyn syntax audit covers 53 changed
interfaces and 263 members, with no missing
parameter/type-parameter/return contracts and a 120-column limit for
their declarations and documentation. No full-solution,
all-target-framework, or NativeAOT matrix is claimed from these local
runs; the new CI run must establish its own result.

## CI follow-up at `e1bc3ac3b`

The follow-up fixes the failures reported by Azure build 18400. TLS
certificates retain configured DNS names, including mixed-case URI
schemes, without relaxing hostname validation. Reverse-WSS fixtures use
the DNS identity in the client certificate. Reconnect completion is
published only after cycle cleanup, so a subsequent reconnect cannot
join an old completed cycle and retain old certificates.

Certificate-alarm roots now support event subscriptions. The pump sample
has one continuous notifier path, with no duplicate shortcut. Historian
and aggregate fixtures share the provider's retention clock. Alarm
collection lets the server expire idle Publish requests rather than
canceling only the client wait. The corrected server, WoT, and
managed-session fixtures exercise valid requests and initialized
lifecycle contracts. Downlevel crypto tests preserve real credential and
key-ownership assertions without enabling unsupported raw-ECDH policies
or adding skips.

Fresh local evidence after integration includes:

| Scope | Target | Passed | Skipped |
|---|---|---:|---:|
| Client lifecycle / channel ownership / builder fixtures | net10.0 and
net48, each | 96 / 103 / 123 | 0 |
| Combined server lifecycle, events, aggregates, crypto, and contracts |
net48 | 358 | 0 |
| Full lifecycle plus certificate-alarm and aggregate fixtures | net10.0
| 116 | 0 |
| Final server-contract and history-routing delta | net10.0 and net48,
each | 84 | 0 |
| Subscription / XRegistry / WoT event regressions | net10.0 | 7 / 2 / 3
| 0 |
| Full Sessions project | net10.0 | 780 | 379 |
| Full ComplexTypes project / downlevel resolver fixtures | net10.0 /
net48 | 2854 / 15 | 0 |
| Full WoT project / downlevel structured-write fixtures | net10.0 /
net48 | 1496 / 27 | 0 |
| TLS domain-name regressions | net10.0 and net48, each | 21 | 0 |

All listed runs exited 0. The Sessions skips come from existing endpoint
and policy capability guards; they are not counted as passes. No skip
was added. Worker validation also covered full DI (426 passes), full
History (540 passes, 21 existing skips), 38 exact downlevel
event/history failures, and 60 repeated certificate-rotation race cases.
The final crypto fixtures passed 73 cases on each target with the
unchanged leak detector; a temporary premature-disposal mutation made
all three borrower tests fail and was then removed.

All 29 C# files in this follow-up pass included-file formatting at info
severity across 12 projects. The complete PR interface audit now covers
54 interfaces and 271 members with zero missing contracts or line-width
findings. No full-solution or NativeAOT matrix is claimed. New-head CI
has started and remains authoritative for the remote result.

## Test-result gate follow-up at `4b6e1203a`

Azure build 18401 reported the net48 Client job as successful despite a
test-host crash after only 264 passing tests. Its old evaluator counted
per-test failures but ignored the failed run verdict. This was a partial
run, not a benign exit after the suite had completed.

The shared result evaluator now rejects aborted, errored, incomplete,
malformed, or inconsistent TRX reports. Each file must describe a
completed run, so a passing file cannot mask another file's failure. It
retains support for completed runs followed by a benign nonzero host
exit, existing skipped-result conventions, and no-TRX MTP jobs.

All 78 regression cases pass after integration using Windows PowerShell
5.1. Real completed Sessions and Client reports also pass. The
process-test fixture follows the existing NET10_0-only tools-test
pattern; its net48 build is not counted as a test run. Formatting passes
for the added test file.

The Client host crash itself has not reproduced locally. The isolated
fixture passed 59 tests, and two fresh full fast-CI selections each
completed with 2,392 passes and three existing skips, including a run
with crash collection enabled. The CI merge tree is identical to the
tested source tree. No speculative runtime change was made, and the
original partial CI run is not claimed as a full-suite pass. Azure build
18402 has now completed the full net48 Client run: 2,392 passed, three
existing console skips, and a successful test-host exit. The corrected
evaluator independently validated outcome=Completed. Across the matrix,
119 test-project jobs succeeded; Sessions net10.0 was canceled when the
remote provider deprovisioned its runner, so the overall Azure pipeline
was canceled. That cancellation is not claimed as a code failure or a
successful run. CodeQL and three Docker image jobs were still running at
the latest check. The migration discovery failure remains separate.

## Documentation follow-up at `57ed02bea`

The environment blocker has been removed by the maintainer. The three
bundled migration references now exactly match the canonical documents
after deterministic link rewriting; all 15 bundled documents pass
`validate-migration-plugin.ps1`. The canonical migration prose was not
rewritten. `FileSystemClient.md` now documents that extended Windows
roots preserve literal trailing-dot names, completing the filesystem
review follow-up.

The filesystem thread has been replied to and resolved after
publication. The review pass now has 108 of 110 threads resolved. The
two explanation-only threads remain open as requested; no unfinished
change request is being represented as resolved.

## Cross-platform follow-up at `0d9d936a8`

With migration discovery restored, the Linux and macOS test matrix
exposed two stale durable-subscription expectations. The expected value
83,442 encoded the old 32-bit overflow when converting 3,600 hours to
milliseconds. The existing overflow-safe server correctly returns
14,400,000 lifetime intervals at a 900 ms publishing interval. Only
those two expected constants changed; production behavior,
negotiated-hour checks, and all other assertions remain unchanged.

The exact local lifetime selection reproduced both failures before the
correction. The full durable suite now passes 36 cases with 11 existing
skips on each of net10.0 and net48. All four lifetime cases executed and
passed on both targets, and included-file info-severity formatting
passes.

## Session shutdown follow-up at `8daf7f091`

A late net48 Sessions failure exposed a shutdown race. Canceling an
in-flight keepalive read can produce a transport
`ServiceResultException`. The retiring worker treated its own
cancellation as proof that the peer was unavailable, so `CloseAsync` or
`DisposeAsync` could skip the server-side `CloseSession` request. The
worker now ignores that service error only when its own token is
canceled; genuine peer errors still update liveness.

The full integration fixture reproduced the original error-code
mismatch. Four deterministic mock-transport cases then produced three
failures and one passing genuine-error control before the fix. They
verify successful close, returned server error, asynchronous disposal,
and unchanged behavior for a real keepalive failure. Fresh related runs
pass 75 client and 101 integration cases on each of net48 and net10.0,
with no skips. Ten repetitions of the formerly flaky full net48 fixture
pass all 1,010 cases. All three changed files pass info-severity
formatting, and temporary diagnostic instrumentation was removed.

## Atomic listener snapshot follow-up at `82dc22b5d`

Ubuntu Core CI exposed an unsafe formatter rewrite in TCP listener
disposal: `ConcurrentDictionary.ToArray()` had become a collection
spread. A concurrent channel removal between the spread's count and copy
operations could leave a default entry, causing a null dereference
during disposal. The listener now uses the dictionary's atomic `Values`
snapshot and disposes those channels outside the listener lock.

Deterministic regressions close zero, one, or all channels at the copy
boundary. Before the fix, the one/all-removal cases reproduced the exact
null dereference; the unchanged-count control passed. All 23
admission/listener cases now pass on net10.0 and net48, and the full
fast Core net10.0 suite passes 5,267 cases with 88 existing platform
skips. Both changed files pass info-severity formatting. A bounded audit
of the formatter's other snapshot rewrites found no further verified
unsafe concurrent-registry copies.

## Shutdown-test observation follow-up at `58403ee8b`

The net48 shutdown-order test raced its own observation: it read
`m_publishWorkerTask` after starting shutdown, which can legitimately
drain the worker and clear that field immediately. The test now captures
the worker before shutdown starts and confirms it is initially running.
It still requires the worker to finish while shutdown remains blocked by
the held manager semaphore. Production behavior is unchanged.

A temporary scheduling perturbation reproduced the exact null-field
failure. The corrected capture passed 100 perturbed iterations; both the
temporary repeat and yield were then removed. The final 126
subscription/lifecycle cases pass on each of net48 and net10.0, and
formatting passes. A complete local Sessions net10.0 run also passed 780
cases with 379 existing capability skips in 7m20s after the earlier
keepalive correction.

## Retirement and alias-startup follow-up at `1a048ff39`

The shadow-generation test now observes its documented asynchronous
cleanup through the existing bounded helper. Removing the replacement
does not join a background drain that already claimed the retired
generation. The test still checks live-registration removal immediately
and requires the old node to disappear; no timeout or production
lifecycle behavior changed. All 81 lifecycle cases pass on each of
net10.0 and net48.

Initial alias-node materialization now retries one timed-out, read-only
snapshot query before creating nodes for that root. The retry is logged
through source-generated logging. Each query retains the original shared
100 ms deadline; repeated timeouts, other errors, and cancellation still
abort startup. Client searches and live refresh do not gain this
immediate retry. Fault-injection tests cover success after one timeout,
a persistent timeout, a different store failure, and cancellation. All
187 related alias/hosting cases and the original certificate-rotation
integration case pass on each target; the positive test records exactly
one retry warning. The alias documentation now accurately describes the
shared request budget.

All changed C# files pass formatter checks, and the complete
54-interface/271-member documentation audit passes. Fresh CI is running
on `1a048ff39`; the previous completed matrix exposed only the two
failures corrected in this batch and their dependent summaries.

## Sample endpoint allocation follow-up at `d08a94925`

The strong-cluster test harness allocated OPC UA and Raft endpoints in
separate released-port batches. Uniqueness was enforced only inside each
batch, so the same OS-assigned port could appear in both protocol
groups. The harness now requests one distinct batch for both groups and
splits it before launching any replicas.

Deterministic one- and three-replica allocation cases reproduced
overlapping groups with the old plan and pass with the corrected plan.
The complete 17-case short-haul sample suite passes without skips; all
failover, historian-continuation, and service assertions remain
unchanged. Both changed files pass info-severity formatting. This
prevents intra-cluster self-collisions but does not claim to reserve
released ports against unrelated external processes.

## Code-review follow-up at `085fd9636`

A review of the complete branch diff found five defects this PR
introduced. All are now fixed, each in its own commit.

`RelatedTo`'s recursive-to-iterative rewrite defaulted the optional
`includeTypeDefinitionSubtypes` and `includeReferenceTypeSubtypes`
operands to `false`. Part 4 §7.7.4 specifies both default to `true`, so
a filter that omitted them silently stopped matching subtypes.
Dynamically created key-credential nodes derived their namespace from
the containing folder, which is the standard `i=18155` node in namespace
0 — the namespace reserved for the OPC UA standard address space; they
now resolve the server-owned namespace and fail with `BadInternalError`
rather than guessing index 1. The retained audience-less
`CreateTokenData` overload produced tokens that verification always
rejects, so it is now `[Obsolete]` and throws instead. A failed
reference to a remote parent left the new node registered with a
one-sided inverse reference, and is now rolled back. An existing `.pfx`
is restricted before it is rewritten, rather than after its new key
bytes are on disk.

One further reported finding was rejected after investigation.
`JwksIssuerKeyResolver` deliberately does not dispose retired key
snapshots: `RetiredKeysAreCollectibleWhileResolverRemainsAliveAsync`
proves the resolver retains no retired snapshot, and
`ReturnedKeysSurviveRepeatedRefreshAndResolverDisposalAsync` requires
already-returned keys to keep verifying across refreshes and resolver
disposal. Adding disposal would have broken that tested contract, so the
exploratory change was reverted.

Validated on net10.0 and net48: 256 Core and 633 Server cases pass, with
one pre-existing net48 skip. The build reports zero compiler and
analyzer diagnostics, all eight included-file info-format checks pass,
the contract audit covers 58 interfaces and 310 members with no
findings, and the 15 bundled migration documents validate. All 122
review threads are resolved; the key-credential namespace thread was
reopened to retract an earlier incorrect answer and then resolved
against the real fix.
## Review-body follow-up at `da0d59cfb`

The re-review at `8daf7f091 + 82dc22b5d` listed four items in its
summary that had no inline thread of their own, so they had not been
picked up. All four are now fixed.

Both event-dispatch permission gates had been tightened from not-Bad to
`IsGood`, which silently dropped events whose permission verdict is
Uncertain; the data-change path in the same file still treated Uncertain
as deliverable, so the two had diverged. `EventSourceRegistry` only
cleared `ConsecutiveFailures` when a source was deactivated, so a source
that had backed off to the 30-second cap kept that delay for the rest of
the process even after starting successfully.
`UserNameIdentityTokenHandler` built a temporary issuer chain whose
`Add` calls take independent certificate references, and never released
them.

The fourth was the receiver-side sequence rollover, which the reviewer
had correctly re-flagged as still open despite its thread being
resolved. `m_sequenceRollover` was set permanently, so the second legal
wrap on a long-lived channel was rejected and faulted the channel along
with the transport-reconnect OPN. OPC 10000-6 does not cap a
SecureChannel at one wrap. The flag is now cleared once an accepted
number has traversed the normal range, which keeps rejecting a replayed
low number that never left the rollover window.

Validated on net10.0 and net48: 636 / 593 Core cases and 135 / 134
Server cases pass, including the new
`UaSCBinaryChannelSequenceRolloverTests` and the Uncertain-permission
delivery cases. The build reports zero compiler and analyzer diagnostics
and the changed files pass included-file info-format checks on both
targets.

The previous head `085fd9636` was fully green: 279 checks passed and
Azure build 18414 succeeded with 137 of 137 jobs, after the platform
automatically retried a job whose NuGet tool download had hit a
transient TLS error.
## Reported issues #4508 and #4509 at `6ad1ecf16`

**#4508 (V2 subscription recreate deadlocks against a faulted transport)
was not yet fixed and is now closed by `bac260a06`.** Both drain sites
the report identifies were still unbounded. A publish worker that
started its request before the quiesce parks inside the service call on
the channel ready gate while holding an active publish request; the
recreate that would make the channel ready is the very operation
awaiting the drain, so the wait never ends.

The drain now cancels in-flight attempts through a per-attempt token
linked to the worker token. An aborted worker rolls its acknowledgements
back, releases the request and returns to the paused park instead of
terminating, so it resumes when the caller leaves the quiesce. Publish
ingress stays quiesced for the caller's operation, so
`DropPendingForSubscription` keeps the guarantee the report asks to
preserve and no blind timeout is added. The new regression parks a
worker on a cancellable gate that never completes on its own: it
reproduces the hang for the full 30-second budget before the change and
passes after it.

**#4509 (identity provider fails the initial connect) was already fixed
for its primary symptom.** `HandleConnectAsync` materializes the
provider's identity through `CreateIdentitySelectionContext` before the
first `CreateAsync`, so Anonymous is no longer substituted against a
UserName-only endpoint. `6ad1ecf16` adds the two remaining details from
the report: the enabled-policy set now includes the negotiated channel
policy, so a client cannot reject the policy it already accepted as
`NotEnabledByClient`; and when discovery has not populated the
endpoint's token policies the connect keeps the configured identity so
the attempt fails at the transport layer for the reconnect policy to
retry, instead of failing at the identity layer.

Validated on net10.0 and net48: 477 / 473 client session and
subscription cases pass, the build is free of compiler and analyzer
diagnostics, and the changed files pass included-file info-format checks
on both targets. The full `Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests` suite also passes
locally on net10.0 with 782 passed and 379 pre-existing capability
skips.

GitHub checks are green on this head: Build and Test .NET 10.0, Docker
Sample Images CI, and NuGet Publish all succeeded. Azure build 18417
completed 134 of its 135 jobs successfully; its net10.0 Sessions job was
cancelled by the hosted-agent provider ("Received request to
deprovision"), the same infrastructure flake that hit build 18409
earlier on a head predating these changes. That job is not claimed as
passing, and the local full-suite run above covers the same project. The
previous head `da0d59cfb` completed Azure build 18415 with every job
succeeded.
## Review follow-up at `a08f0c12b`

Eleven new review threads arrived, nearly all documentation. Before
acting on each "this is new in 2.0" remark I checked the API against
`master378` rather than assuming, because a genuine 1.5 API still needs
its migration entry.

`ManagedSession`'s server-redundancy refresh had two hard-coded
two-second bounds. The new `ServerRedundancyOptions` exposes
`RefreshTimeout` for the metadata read and `PeerDiscoveryTimeout` for
each peer lookup, defaults both to the previous two seconds, validates
that a bound is positive or `Timeout.InfiniteTimeSpan`, and flows
through `ManagedSessionOptions`, `ManagedSession.CreateAsync`, the
fluent builder, and `DefaultServerRedundancyHandler`.

`AsyncCustomNodeManager` and `KeyCredentialBridgeAuthenticator` are both
absent from `master378`, so their obsolete members had no compatibility
constraint and are removed rather than carried:
`AsyncCustomNodeManager.ReadInitialValue`, the audience-less
`CreateTokenData` that only threw, and the audience-less `CreateProof`
that produced a proof no server accepts.
`CustomNodeManager2.ReadInitialValue` and the `MonitoredNode2` migration
section are genuine 1.5 APIs and are untouched.

The documentation now states master's behaviour instead of the delta
from 1.5.378, with each moved item already covered under
`docs/migrate/2.0.x/`. `IHistorianAnnotationProvider` is described by
its annotation-time key rather than as "legacy" — it is new in 2.0, so
the label implied a compatibility constraint that does not exist. The
KeyCredential bridge payload's `"version"` field is explained as a
vendor-extension format version with no OPC UA counterpart, and its
version-1 upgrade narrative is gone. `CertificateManager.md`'s migration
walkthrough is replaced by the resolver API it targets.
`NodeManagers.md`, `Sessions.md`, `AsyncServerSupport.md`,
`Certificates.md`, and `Profiles.md` no longer announce features
relative to 1.5. `Benchmarks.md`, `WhatsNewIn2.0.md`,
`DeveloperGuide.md`, and `docs/migrate/` keep their 1.5.378 references,
which are their subject.

CI then exposed a defect this batch introduced: five fixtures resolve
`ManagedSession`'s private constructor by its exact positional parameter
types, so the added parameter compiled cleanly but made `GetConstructor`
return `null` at run time. `7df1d5c40` updates every site;
`Redundancy.Client` passes 126 of 126 and the affected client fixtures
112 of 112.

The BouncyCastle question is answered and tracked in #4510:
`Opc.Ua.Core` already project-references `Opc.Ua.Security.Certificates`,
which already carries the conditional BouncyCastle reference, so the
raw-ECDH polyfill belongs there rather than as a new Core dependency.
The `IUserDatabase` metadata question is addressed to another maintainer
and is deliberately left open.

## Reported issue #4509 follow-up at `5d4d13d63`

The reporter verified `6ad1ecf16` and found one case still failing,
correctly. The empty-token-policies branch kept the configured identity
so a server that is down surfaces a transport failure rather than an
identity error. A provider-only configuration has no configured
identity, so it kept `null`: `OpenCoreAsync` turned that into Anonymous
and `OpenValidateIdentity` rejected it with `BadIdentityTokenInvalid`,
silently ignoring the configured provider.

The branch now requires a configured identity to defer to. Without one
the provider is consulted, so its own `BadIdentityTokenRejected` names
the offered and rejected policy set instead. Two regression tests cover
both configurations; the first fails against the previous behaviour by
reaching the session factory with a `null` identity, which is the exact
step that produced the reported error. That branch had shipped without a
test, which is why the case was missed.

## Review and CI status at `5d4d13d63`

**All actionable review threads are resolved: 132 of 133.** The single
open thread is a question the reviewer addressed to another maintainer
about moving user metadata into `IUserDatabase`; it is left open for
them rather than resolved silently. Every resolved thread carries a
reply naming its fix commit.

**Latest-head CI is green on `5d4d13d63`: 279 checks passed, zero
failed, zero pending**, with one conditional signed-package publishing
job skipped. Local validation for this batch: the full
`Opc.Ua.Client.Tests` suite passes 2,430 of 2,430 on net10.0,
`Opc.Ua.Redundancy.Client.Tests` 126 of 126, and `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`
590 of 590 for the affected selections. Both net10.0 and net48 build
clean for `Opc.Ua.Client`, `Opc.Ua.Server`, and the changed test
projects, and all changed files pass included-file info-severity
formatting on both targets.

The PR remains open; no merge was performed. As stated at the top, this
does not claim that every item in the 244-finding audit backlog is
complete.
## Latest CI follow-up at `b6f2dfa43`

Azure build 18442 exposed a net48 compile regression in the Kafka
adapter: `RuntimeHelpers.GetUninitializedObject` is unavailable on .NET
Framework. Commit `2cf1e0eed` now uses normal `ProducerMessage`
construction on `NETFRAMEWORK` while retaining reflection-based
construction for modern targets that can load a different Dekaf runtime
asset. The exact net48 CI selection passes 92 of 92 tests, and the
netstandard2.1 adapter guard selection passes 11 of 11.

After merging the latest `master`, GitHub Actions run 35643592139 is
green. The initial Ubuntu Core.Schema job built successfully and passed
160 of 160 tests, then hit an external 403 while finalizing its
test-result artifact; its failed-job rerun completed successfully. Azure
build 18451 was canceled when its remote provider deprovisioned the
net10.0 Sessions runner (`Received request to deprovision: The request
was cancelled by the remote provider`). Azure attached no test task log
or source error, and the canceled parent left that child check stale as
in-progress. No source workaround, test skip, or check relaxation was
made for either infrastructure failure.

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Copilot-Session: 68f26810-22b8-476f-abcd-0a8c82d6e208
2026-09-22 09:10:58 +02:00
Copilot d7dd1b0369 Fix telemetry component assembly identification (#4490)
# Description

Telemetry extensions resolved meters and activity sources as
`Opc.Ua.Types`, with results dependent on helper inlining. This
prevented reliable attribution to the emitting component.

- **Existing telemetry contract**: Add `CreateMeter(Assembly)` and
`GetActivitySource(Assembly)` directly to `ITelemetryContext`. The
separate `IAssemblyTelemetryContext` interface has been removed.
- **Reliable component attribution**: Capture the caller assembly in
non-inlined `CreateMeter`, `GetActivitySource`, and `StartActivity`
extensions, then forward it to the existing telemetry context.
- **Call-site routing and fallback**: Keep non-null meter calls on
`telemetry.CreateMeter()`. Use explicit
`TelemetryExtensions.CreateMeter(telemetry)` for nullable-context
fallback. Preserve default meter/activity-source fallback when a context
returns null.
- **Coverage and documentation**: Cover caller-assembly naming,
direct-context and extension routing, activity creation, and null-result
fallback. Update diagnostics examples, OpenTelemetry filters, and
migration guidance.

**Compatibility:** Direct implementations of `ITelemetryContext` must
implement the two new assembly-aware members. `TelemetryContextBase`
supplies both. This interface addition is documented in the 2.0
migration guide; legacy implementer compatibility is not claimed.

## Local validation

The Release build and focused `TelemetryExtensionsTests` fixture pass on
both target frameworks:

| Target | Result |
| --- | --- |
| net10.0 | Passed: 6, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0 |
| net48 | Passed: 6, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0 |

Both builds emit existing CA5394 warnings in
`NodeStateChildNameIndexTests.cs`, which is unchanged by this PR. The
full solution test suite was not run during this feedback pass.

## Related Issues

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

<!-- START COPILOT CODING AGENT SUFFIX -->

- Fixes #4483

---------

Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: marcschier <11168470+marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-16 11:07:17 +02:00
Marc Schier fa8d45f2cf Fix server/core validation, lifecycle and protocol regressions (#4477)
# Description

**Server/core audit fixes with regression tests. Latest review-fix
validation, merge validation and earlier acceptance results are
distinguished below.**

This addresses a 95-finding server/core report. Every finding was
reviewed with
the OPC UA specification knowledge base or, where the standard does not
prescribe a C# implementation, the corresponding ownership/configuration
contract. Incorrect or withdrawn subclaims remain qualified rather than
being
presented as additional fixes.

The original checkpoint covers session identity/certificate validation
and
revocation; certificate/key ownership and transactional updates; TCP
reconnect,
receive/admission and buffer lifetime; HTTP quotas; subscription
admission,
durability and pooled payloads; file-operation lifecycle; historian
aggregates;
fluent/state-machine behavior; and related utilities. It includes
targeted
regressions and directly related documentation.

The approved acceptance cleanup is separate in the commit history:

| Cleanup | Verified result |
| --- | --- |
| Invalid identity-policy and KeyCredential fixture inputs | Fixtures
explicitly advertise Username and use its generated policy ID.
Credential persistence uses valid clear mode inside the existing
encrypted admin context. Original permission, lockout and negative
encryption assertions remain. |
| Native GDS lifetime and concurrent connection failures | Retain
ApplicationInstance until client teardown. A deterministic native
reproducer proved the test-only channel cap of 10 was exhausted;
removing that override restores the existing bounded default of 1000. No
global serialization or production quota change. |
| Stress certificate ownership and close accounting | Balance two helper
references and the fake transport's server-certificate ownership.
Replace the invalid event-count bound with exactly-once physical
disposal, opens = closes, zero active entries and one logical entry
lifetime. |
| Participant deadlines | Use the injected TimeProvider with the
existing cross-framework WaitAsync overload. Tests pin one tick before,
exact expiry, terminal notification, recovery and timely completion. |
| Reproducibility and platform assertions | Preserve canonical WoT
bytes/hashes, explicit display-culture contracts and exact
numeric-vector assertions. Accept Apple's CryptographicException subtype
without weakening disposal balance. |
| Missing user-signature proof | Reject null/empty proofs before OS
crypto. Return BadUserSignatureInvalid per Part 4, 5.7.3.3. None-policy
and valid-signature controls remain. A CI-only test nullable-context
error was corrected without changing production behavior. |
| Durable sample restore and shared test storage | Dequeue waits for
actual batch residency instead of treating failed restore completion as
success, and restored files close before deletion. Five deterministic
regressions failed before the fix. The two fixtures that clear the
shared batch directory are isolated; all original 3,000-item assertions
remain unchanged. |

## Latest review follow-up

Commit `828856850219518970e8e2f580b8f94b3c1fc748` fixes the deferred
robotics
disposal reported in the latest review.
`RobotIntentNodeManager.DisposeAsync`
now joins a shared controller-host drain and then explicitly awaits base
node-manager disposal. A controller's bounded shutdown wait may defer
its
cleanup, but no longer lets the node-manager override finish early.
Concurrent
callers, including an asynchronous call after synchronous `Dispose`,
cannot
bypass the drain after the host list has been detached.

Synchronous disposal remains nonblocking for deferred work. Deferred
initialization failures are logged and retained, and base cleanup
failures
propagate to asynchronous callers. The existing controller-level bounded
disposal contract is unchanged; the node-manager contract is documented
in
`docs/Robotics.md`.

| Regression requirement | Evidence |
| --- | --- |
| Wait for deferred hosts; preserve synchronous compatibility and
concurrent joins | `NodeManagerAsyncDisposalWaitsForDeferredHostsAsync`:
four cases covering both entry-point orders and zero/positive host
shutdown waits. All four failed before the fix. |
| Wait through base cleanup and observe failures |
`NodeManagerDisposalWaitsForBaseCleanupAndReportsItsFailureAsync`: four
cases hold the actual base-resource semaphore, verify pending callers
after the host finishes, then check success or the same propagated
exception and exactly-once cleanup. |

The focused `IntentHostingCoverageTests` and
`IntentControllerHostTests.Dispose`
selection passed **30/30 on net10.0 and 30/30 on net48**, with no
failures or
skips. The final net10 solution build passed with zero errors and only
the four
previously documented CA2249 warnings in unchanged fuzz-test code. No
new
warnings, analyzer suppressions, dependencies, or weakened assertions
were added.
The review thread received a commit-specific reply and was explicitly
resolved.

This verification is scoped to the robotics feedback; the earlier full
Subscriptions-run limitation remains recorded in the merge section
below.


## Documentation review follow-up (2026-09-14)

Commit `f9a9686fcc5d3cfd19cbbc8c2d826e20f5c7e72f` addresses the six
follow-up
threads on documentation and implementation rationale. Each has an
in-thread
reply citing the commit and an explicit resolution.

Multiline XML documentation now covers the declarations introduced or
modified
throughout the entire PR, including internal contracts, samples, tests,
and
public members of related private helpers. A syntax-aware inventory
checked
**2,031 declarations across all 256 PR C# paths with zero documentation
gaps**.
A supplementary check also covers **75 previously unchanged public
members**
of private helpers involved in the changed code. Token comparison across
the
conditional-compilation branches proves this follow-up changes **no
executable
C# or test assertions**. Project-file changes are rationale comments
only.

The implementation questions are documented at their source:

| Question | Resolution |
| --- | --- |
| Certificate assembly friendship | Server Push configuration reuses the
internal explicit-subject CSR helper with the existing key; no public
crypto API was added. |
| Core.Types assembly friendship | Server builders use internal
transition callbacks/revision guards; Server.Tests checks the revision
deterministically without creating a public compatibility contract. |
| Always-single-reader notifications | One dequeuer preserves event
order; optional concurrency fans out within one event and joins before
the next event. |
| Asynchronous disposal completion | `DisposeAsync` already joins the
completion published after admitted operations and all cleanup attempts.
The compatibility `Dispose` remains nonblocking to avoid deadlocking an
admitted callback against its own drain. |

The requested detailed review disposition follows. It distinguishes
actual
fixes from confirmed policies and incorrect subclaims rather than
counting every
comment as a new runtime change.


### Detailed disposition of review 5191795284

The [SDK
review](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/pull/4477#pullrequestreview-5191795284)
was submitted against `1c4a9df6c`, before the subsequent merge and
feedback fixes.
Its **15 inline threads** have each received an action-specific reply
and an
explicit resolution. A fresh GraphQL query verified those replies and
resolution
states; the fixes in `b8a59990f` remain ancestors of the current branch.

| Review concern | Action and disposition | Concrete regression evidence
|
| --- | --- | --- |
| Injected certificate-store providers bypassed | **Fixed.**
Registration, configuration snapshots, and validation use the injected
providers. Explicit custom types remain authoritative; the built-in
Directory catch-all is deferred so native X509 paths and later custom
providers are not captured. Failed store opens dispose the created
store. | `InjectedProviderResolvesRegisteredAndConfiguredTrustStores`
covers default-provider ordering and both registration paths; provider
validation/open-failure cases and the unchanged
`TrustedCertificateInjectedViaIndependentX509StoreIsObservedAsync` cover
real use and independent-store visibility. |
| Unguarded timer-thread leadership callbacks | **Fixed.** Each
subscriber's exception is logged independently and cannot suppress
subsequent subscribers or fail lease operations. `IsLeader` reads the
deadline without invoking application callbacks. |
`ThrowingLeadershipSubscriberDoesNotFailAcquireOrDisposeAsync`,
`ExpiryNotifiesOtherSubscribersWhenOneThrowsAsync`, and
`IsLeaderDoesNotDispatchExpiryNotificationsAsync` were all demonstrated
failing before the fix. |
| Legacy pending-key provider accepts an unfinishable regenerated CSR |
**Fixed by explicit capability validation.** A provider implementing
only `IPendingCertificateKeyStore` receives `BadNotSupported` before key
generation or persistence when regeneration is requested. Existing-key
CSR/update remains supported. Regeneration requires matching-only
consumption; no unsafe destructive probing was introduced. |
`LegacyPendingProviderRejectsRegenerationBeforeCreatingOrSavingAKeyAsync`
checks no key or store mutation;
`LegacyPendingProviderCompletesExistingKeySigningAndUpdateAsync` proves
the supported flow completes. |
| Shutdown waits behind user deactivation | **Fixed.** Accepted
deactivations drain before the master's lifecycle gate is taken.
Configuration retains its binding until the shared drain completes,
including concurrent shutdown callers and direct master disposal. | Four
cases of `ShutdownDrainsDeactivationOutsideTheSessionClosingGateAsync`
exercise real configuration/binding/ServerInternalData/master reentry,
retained address space, exact session/subscription closure, and no
production cancellation shortcut. |
| Subclass cleanup runs under the operation-lifetime lock | **Fixed.**
Cleanup starts outside that lock. A pre-published completion joins all
disposers, and only the active asynchronous teardown context may use
guarded helpers. Captured contexts lose that privilege when the callback
exits. |
`SynchronousOwnedCleanupLetsSamplingWorkerReachClosedAdmissionAsync`,
`DisposeCoreCanUseGuardedMembersWithoutReopeningCallerAdmissionAsync`,
captured-context rejection, and exact cleanup-failure/ownership
assertions cover both synchronous and suspended cleanup. |
| Discovery requestId-zero chunk read after pool return | **Fixed by the
earlier merge.** Discovery validation precedes `SaveIntermediateChunk`;
no read occurs after that path can return the buffer. The ordering is
retained. | `DiscoveryChannelReadsTheFirstChunkBeforeItIsReturnedAsync`
uses a poisoning pool and the requestId-zero path. |
| T1.8 OPN cleanup misses post-decryption throws | **Fixed by the
earlier merge and pinned with new regressions.** Both sequence rejection
and certificate mismatch release the decrypted body and input ownership.
| `OpenSecureChannelRejectionAfterDecryptionReturnsEveryRentalAsync`
checks the exact audit status and pool conservation. Omitting either
corresponding release in an isolated snapshot made its case fail; no
mutation remains. |
| T1.2 mount-root protection depends on the provider | **Fixed at the
host boundary.** Separator-only aliases resolve to the protected root.
Traversal, empty/whitespace segments, backslashes, and drive/stream
qualifiers are rejected before arbitrary providers are invoked. Valid
nested paths and root destinations remain supported. | A deliberately
permissive provider is used by
`NonCanonicalObjectPathsCannotDeleteMoveOrCopyAsync` and invalid-target
cases; exact zero-call checks are paired with legitimate
nested-path/root-destination controls. |
| Inline trusted/issuer entries now face CRL checks | **Intentional
strict behavior, documented and tested.** A configured backing store
with strict unknown-status rejection requires current revocation
information. Explicit-only lists without a store retain their no-store
behavior. Actual revocation cannot be suppressed; a matching store
entry's policy takes precedence. |
`InlineIssuerWithStoreHonorsStrictUnknownRevocationPolicyAsync`,
`InlineIssuerRevocationIsNeverSuppressedAsync`, store-precedence cases,
and explicit-only controls preserve the missing-information versus
actual-revocation distinction in Part 4 6.1.3. |
| RSA minimum applied to unspecified ECC identifiers | **Fixed at the
application-certificate check.** The RSA minimum is compared only with
an actual RSA public key. An unspecified ECC identity is not replaced
simply because its key size is below an RSA threshold. |
`SilentCertificateCheckPreservesUnspecifiedEccIdentityAsync` checks DER,
thumbprint, store contents, and private-key retention; explicit RSA and
HTTPS minimum controls remain. |
| Failed directory refresh wedges corrective mutations | **Fixed.**
Recoverable automatic pre-refresh failures are logged and leave
reconciliation pending, but do not block corrective provider mutations.
Explicit refresh errors, capacity admission, caller cancellation, and
actual provider denials remain enforced. |
`CorrectiveDeleteRecoversAfterPersistentOverLimitRefreshFailureAsync`
converges an externally over-limit directory back to its exact allowed
contents. Capacity, cancellation/token, and six refresh-error controls
check negative paths. |
| Timed-transition rejection logs at 10 Hz | **Fixed.** Repeated
`(state, revision, status)` warnings are deduplicated without changing
the retry cadence. A different status or state entry permits another
warning. | `RepeatedTimedRejectionLogsOnceAndRecoversAsync` checks one
warning over eleven rejections and success on the next attempt.
Status-change and same/different-state reentry controls pin reset
behavior. |
| Bad unsubscribe strands retired-generation bookkeeping | **Fixed.**
Retired all-event bookkeeping completes even when unsubscribe reports
Bad; the first Bad is still returned to the caller. | Good and
BadCommunicationError cases of
`RetiredAllEventsDeletionCompletesBookkeepingAndReleasesGenerationAsync`
check event/snapshot removal, generation release, and exactly one
unsubscribe without finalization replay. |
| CSR subject parsing and fallback | **Fixed for existing and
regenerated keys.** Omitted subjects fall back to the actual stored
certificate. Regeneration resolves the public certificate's subject
before creating a key. Malformed or unresolvable subjects return
`BadInvalidArgument` before pending-key mutation. | Store-only fallback,
real-generator null/empty cases, and missing-subject/malformed-DN
controls verify the signed CSR, matching fresh pending key, unchanged
active identity, and no destructive side effects. |
| Committed RemoveUser change reported as failed | **Fixed for
RemoveUser and ModifyUser.** Accepted cleanup is still awaited and close
failures remain logged, but cannot replace the committed mutation
result. Precommit failures retain their original result and side
effects. |
`CommittedUserChangeKeepsResultAndPublishedUsersWhenCloseFailsAsync`
checks published Users, Good result, logging, and continued closes.
`FailedUserChangeKeepsPublishedUsersAndDoesNotCloseSessionsAsync` checks
BadNotFound with no publication or close. |
| Alleged pooled decoded-request aliasing | **No runtime redesign
needed; reviewer rebuttal confirmed.** The decoder copies the relevant
input data. Misleading ownership comments were corrected rather than
introducing a new dispatch model. |
`DecodedRequestRetainsValuesAfterInputBuffersAreReturnedAsync` checks
the exact decoded NodeId and ByteString after returned arrays are
poisoned. |

The current documentation-only follow-up rechecked **104 Core, 473
Server, and
4 Configuration cases** covering these concerns: **581 passed, zero
failed or
skipped**. The final net10 solution build also passed with **zero
warnings and
errors**. The complete earlier Core/Server/Configuration and net48
results remain
listed separately rather than being presented as rerun current-head
acceptance.

## Earlier review follow-up

Commit `b8a59990fe2e8e967a12ffd5d9158beed7831143` addresses all 19
review
threads. Each thread has an in-thread reply naming this commit and was
explicitly
resolved after verification; the final paginated query found 19 resolved
and
zero unresolved threads.

The follow-up fixes injected certificate-store selection (including
default
provider ordering and native X509 paths), actual-RSA minimum
enforcement, and
CSR capability/subject validation before key mutation. Node-manager
teardown
uses simpler scoped ownership and drains accepted user revocation
outside the
master gate; committed user results and retired-event cleanup remain
correct
when cleanup reports failure. File mutations can recover after failed
refresh
without bypassing capacity or cancellation, provider paths protect mount
roots,
and repeated timed rejections no longer flood logs. Leadership
subscriber
failures are isolated without callbacks from `IsLeader`.

Regressions also pin the already-merged OPN/discovery buffer fixes and
prove
decoded request values do not borrow returned input buffers. The strict
inline
issuer revocation policy is documented and tested, not weakened.
Existing tests
were changed only for the reviewed behavior: the incorrect
committed-user result
was corrected, and inline-issuer/root-alias controls were expanded.

### Review-fix validation

| Suite | Scope | Framework | Passed | Existing TRX NotExecuted |
| --- | --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Core | Complete project | net10.0 | 4,970 | 88 |
| Server | Complete project | net10.0 | 6,414 | 69 |
| Configuration | Complete project | net10.0 | 231 | 0 |
| Core | Certificate, lease and buffer compatibility slice | net48 | 153
| 0 |
| Server | Reviewed lifecycle, user, file, timer and CSR compatibility
slice | net48 | 692 | 0 |
| Configuration | Complete project | net48 | 231 | 0 |
| CSR provider regressions | Final portable-mock follow-up | net10.0 |
11 | 0 |

All runs exited successfully with normal concurrency and leak detection.
The Server console reports 5 skips; its TRX additionally records
existing
assumption/explicit cases, hence the 69-record count above. The
Framework build
caught two modern-only `ValueTask.CompletedTask` usages in new mock
setup; only
those expressions changed to the equivalent portable
`default(ValueTask)`.
The complete modern suites precede that test-only correction; all
production
files remained byte-identical, and the corrected fixture passed on both
targets.

The final net10 solution build succeeded with 0 errors and the same 4
CA2249
warnings in unchanged fuzz-test code. Diff checks and changed-line
whitespace
checks are clean; whole-file formatting still identifies 10 unchanged
baseline
lines, which were not reformatted outside the feedback scope. The
committed
35-file tree was hash-verified against the validation inputs.

This is the review-feedback verification scope, not a rerun or sign-off
of the
historical complete platform/native/soak acceptance campaign below.


## Latest upstream merge

Merge `9d9bf679f317164c5b2b90924cd3cdc27a86d451` integrates `master`
through `162fc5ebb` (#4486),
including the AddNodes child-name index, shared certificate-error
reporting,
CTT sample-data corrections, and the accompanying regressions and
documentation.

The CreateSession conflict preserves this branch's certificate
ownership,
required certificate, application-URI, and channel-certificate checks.
The
validation result now retains nested errors through `ThrowIfInvalid`,
allowing
the upstream shared reporting helper to mask trust, policy, and
revocation
failures consistently without losing audit detail.

The new indexed AddNodes regression initially attempted to reuse a
deterministic
NodeId after renaming its existing node. Renaming frees the BrowseName,
not that
NodeId. `IndexedBrowseNameReusePreservesExistingNodeIdentityAsync` now
proves
both contracts: the derived-ID collision leaves the original node
intact, then
a fresh explicitly requested ID can reuse the old name while the new
name
remains protected against duplicates. No production identity rule was
relaxed.
The incoming seeded random-index test uses the existing `UnsecureRandom`
wrapper
with the same seed and sequence; no new analyzer suppression was added.

| Local merge validation | Framework | Passed | Existing exclusions |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Core, complete project | net10.0 | 5,081 | 88 |
| NodeState / BaseInstanceState | net10.0 | 579 | 0 |
| Server node management, certificate and session-security selection |
net10.0 | 112 | 0 |
| InformationModel node-management services | net10.0 | 29 | 1 |
| NodeState / BaseInstanceState | net48 | 578 | 0 |
| Core certificate validation, error reporting and TCP buffers | net48 |
111 | 0 |
| Server node management, certificate and session-security selection |
net48 | 112 | 0 |

All selected runs exited successfully at normal concurrency: **6,602
passing
test executions**. Modified test assemblies were explicitly rebuilt, and
the
combined name/identity regression was verified by name in both net10 and
net48
results. No skips or weakened assertions were introduced.

The final `dotnet build UA.slnx -c Release --no-restore -m:1` with
`CustomTestTarget=net10.0` succeeded with **zero warnings and zero
errors**.
The resolved source and adjusted tests pass whitespace verification, and
their
source hashes match the validation inputs.

This is merge-specific verification. Earlier review results and the
previously
reported incomplete full Subscriptions runs below remain scoped to their
own
commits; they were not reopened or relabeled as passing by this
operation.

## Previous upstream merge (2026-09-15 morning)

Merge `c4694e20ab089c555af233642042133ff3a03ac8` integrates `master`
through `484d6c887`, retaining
#4481's shared Like parser/GDS query fixes, #4488's RequestHandle
recovery in
ServiceFaults, and #4487's expired-session and durable-transfer
corrections.

Three conflict resolutions preserve both sides:

- Alias searches now use the shared `LikePattern` implementation,
including
upstream malformed-list validation. A timeout overload retains this
branch's
100 ms per-alias deadline and `BadTimeout` reporting without keeping a
second
wildcard translator. The shared matcher's original unlimited overload
remains
unchanged for existing GDS/ContentFilter callers. New regressions cover
bounded prefix/list scans, reuse after timeout, and the alias service
result.
- Expired activation closes outside the session-manager gate using
upstream's
once-only timeout claim, audit, and diagnostic accounting. This branch's
  original-channel and security-policy checks remain in place.
- TCP buffer tests retain this branch's ownership, poisoning-pool and
post-decryption checks alongside the upstream RequestHandle/fault
overload
  tests; neither set was discarded.

The upstream HTTPS binary behavior is intentionally retained: a decoder
`ServiceResultException` produces HTTP 200 with an OPC UA ServiceFault
carrying
the decoder status, response timestamp, and recoverable RequestHandle,
rather
than the previous HTTP 500 text response. Other exceptions retain their
existing HTTP error handling.

| Local validation | Framework | Passed | TRX NotExecuted |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Core, complete project | net10.0 | 5,054 | 88 |
| Sessions, complete project | net10.0 | 780 | 610 |
| Server aliases, expiry/security and subscriptions | net10.0 | 288 | 0
|
| GDS database, paging and live directory calls | net10.0 | 263 | 0 |
| Shared Like patterns and bounded evaluation | net10.0 | 109 | 0 |
| Subscriptions transfer/durability/service selection | net10.0 | 23 | 1
|
| HTTPS WebApi, complete project | net10.0 | 346 | 0 |
| InformationModel aliases | net10.0 | 54 | 5 |
| Shared Like patterns and bounded evaluation | net48 | 109 | 0 |
| Core fault handles, TCP/HTTPS and filters | net48 | 268 | 0 |
| Server aliases, expiry/security and subscriptions | net48 | 288 | 0 |

These selected runs exited successfully with normal test concurrency:
**7,582 passing test executions**. Sessions' console reports 379 skips;
the
TRX also contains conditional/assumption exclusions, so the table uses
the
actual 610 NotExecuted records. No skips or weakened assertions were
added.
The new `EvaluationTimeoutBoundsWorkAndPreservesPatternReuse` and
`SharedPatternTimeoutRemainsAnAliasServiceError` tests passed on both
targets.

**Validation limitation:** two unfiltered Subscriptions runs did not
produce
a final result and were stopped, including a retry with a hang guard.
They
are not counted as passing. The isolated failover fixture passed 2/2,
and the
transfer/durability/service selection above passed. The stall's cause
was not
established; no unrelated code or test was changed to conceal it.

The final `dotnet build UA.slnx -c Release --no-restore -m:1` with
`CustomTestTarget=net10.0` succeeded with **0 warnings and 0 errors**.
Whitespace verification passed for all hand-reconciled files, and staged
source hashes match the validation inputs.

These are merge-specific checks, not a new full platform/native/soak
acceptance
sign-off. Earlier review and acceptance evidence below remains dated to
its
own commit.

## Previous upstream merge (2026-09-14)

Merge `c3e09553e4d1509502d4ba751960d58491bea2cf` integrates `master`
through `6313e38a0` (#4478),
including the CTT-driven Part 13 aggregate corrections and FindAlias
argument
validation. The upstream tests and CTT documentation are retained.

The single conflict in `AliasNameWildcardMatcher` is reconciled through
the
branch's shared regex compiler: upstream malformed-pattern rejection and
`IsValidPattern` coexist with OPC UA character escaping,
whole-string/newline
matching, the 100 ms timeout, and service-level error reporting. The
upstream
ReferenceTypeFilter checks and chronological aggregate behavior are
preserved.

Local merge verification:

| Suite / selection | Framework | Passed | Existing skips |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Server aliases, aggregates and historian | net10.0 | 1,011 | 0 |
| Server aliases, aggregates and historian | net48 | 1,011 | 0 |
| InformationModel aliases | net10.0 | 54 | 5 |
| Features aliases | net10.0 | 11 | 0 |
| Client aliases | net10.0 | 28 | 0 |
| History aggregate/historical-access consumers | net10.0 | 265 | 0 |

All selected tests passed at normal concurrency. The final net10
solution
build passed with 0 errors and 0 warnings.
The resolved file's whitespace check and the staged diff check passed.
These
are merge-specific checks, not a new full platform/native/soak
acceptance claim.

## Previous upstream merges

Integrates `master` through `8e874d073`, including the Client, Types,
Core and
source-generator audit fixes in #4471, #4473, #4474 and #4475, plus the
event queue-size revision from #4480. The merge commits are `150ea0439`
(26 conflict resolutions) and `a0e17c07c` (the base update that arrived
during
validation).

The overlapping fixes are reconciled rather than replacing either
branch:

- **Rejected-certificate retention follows this branch, as explicitly
requested:**
zero means unlimited history; negative values disable new storage while
preserving existing backend trimming behavior (Directory clears prior
history;
shared key/value leaves it intact). The processor and manager policy are
not
  redefined, and documentation/tests describe the distinction.
- Preserve owned certificate snapshots and borrowed validation-core
lifetimes
  alongside upstream cache invalidation, store-first CRL checks and
  `BadCertificateRevocationUnknown` for unsupported revocation lookup.
- Combine exactly-once chunk ownership, receive-loop cancellation,
stale-epoch
rejection and detach-before-adoption with upstream
signature-before-padding
  verification and secret cleanup.
- Preserve pooled `HttpClient` per-request configuration together with
bounded
response reads and deadlines that remain active through body
consumption.
Regression cases exercise already-used clients and both timeout
precedence cases.
- Retain the binary-compatible channel-key constructor and normalize
omitted
profiles; preserve exact profile filtering and upstream binary-first
HTTPS/WSS
  endpoint ordering.
- Preserve monotonic lease expiry and stale-confirmation fencing while
adding
ordered, non-reentrant leadership notifications outside the state lock.

## Validation

Local validation of the conflict-resolution merge:

| Suite | Framework | Passed | Existing skips |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Core | net10.0 | 4,940 | 88 |
| Client | net10.0 | 2,278 | 0 |
| Server | net10.0 | 6,088 | 5 |
| Types | net10.0 | 10,394 | 1 |
| SourceGeneration.Core | net10.0 | 3,940 | 8 |
| SourceGeneration | net10.0 | 185 | 0 |
| Core | net48 | 4,855 | 104 |

After the subsequent four-file #4480 update, the related Server slice
passed
811 tests with 5 existing skips, the real durable queue-size cases
passed 6/6,
and EventManager's 21 cases passed again after analyzer-only
expected-array
cleanup. The final `dotnet build UA.slnx -c Release` with
`CustomTestTarget=net10.0`
succeeded: 0 errors and 4 pre-existing CA2249 warnings in unchanged
fuzz-test
code. Whitespace verification passed for the resolved files and the
follow-up.

Merge-specific proof includes
`RequestTimeoutRemainsActiveWhileReadingTheOpenApiBodyAsync` on
already-used
shared clients with either the request or HttpClient timeout shorter,
the
existing ownership/expiry regressions from both branches, and both
branches'
retention tests adjusted only to the explicitly chosen zero/negative
contract.

Earlier acceptance at `1c4a9df6c` passed hosted Linux/macOS CI, CodeQL,
image
builds and the canonical coverage gate (87.15% line, 77.27% branch,
92.14% patch).
Both Framework project matrices, all three Windows native suites (183
cases),
and the unfiltered net10 stress project (230 cases, including full
60-minute
chaos and 30-minute memory soaks) also passed. Those are **pre-merge
results**,
not a claim that the full framework/platform/native/soak matrix has been
rerun
on this merge. The previous acceptance workflow remains separate from
this
review-feedback operation.

Security checks, meaningful assertions, leak detection, default native
concurrency, full soak durations and coverage thresholds remain intact.
The user-set ready-for-review state is unchanged. No architectural or
complete
merged-head acceptance sign-off is claimed.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4476

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.
2026-09-16 04:42:09 +00:00
romanett 2415503ab9 Close CTT skips in the reference server sample address space, diagnostics EnabledFlag and project settings (#4485)
Closes #4479

The CTT skipped a number of reference-server test cases because the
sample address space, the diagnostics EnabledFlag or the CTT project
settings did not provide what the scripts need. This PR fixes the sample
data and the server behaviour behind those skips, updates
`samples/UAReferenceServer.ctt.xml`, and records the CTT script defects
that the newly running cases expose.

## Changes

### Sample address space (`ReferenceServer.NodeSet2.xml`,
`ReferenceNodeManager`)

| # | Skip | Fix |
| --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | Base Info Engineering Units `004.js`: ArrayItemType
`EngineeringUnits` have an empty NamespaceUri | UNECE `mV` (12890)
EUInformation, and the axis definitions use `s` (5457219) instead of
UnitId 0. |
| 2 | Data Access PercentDeadband `006/016/017`:
`DataAccess_AnalogType_Float` EURange 0..0 | EURange 0..100 like the
other analog items. |
| 3 | Attribute Read `033.js` (19 nodes): second dimension of 3 | All
`Scalar_Static_Arrays2D_*` are 5x5 (generated values; the Variant matrix
holds scalar Int32 elements). The code-seeded Integer/Number/UInteger
matrices are 5x5 too. |
| 4 | View Minimum Continuation Point 01 `012.js`, View Basic 2
`018.js`: Method/View nodes need two references of their own NodeClass |
`Methods_Void` HasCause/HasEffect to two methods, `Views_Operations`
HasCause/HasEffect to `Views_Engineering`. |
| 5 | Base Info Server Capabilities 2 `002.js`: no node without
MinimumSamplingInterval | `DataAccess_DataItem_String` reports
`Bad_AttributeIdInvalid` for the optional attribute (Part 3 §5.6.2). A
DA item is used because Address Space WriteMask writes every attribute
of the static scalars back. |
| 6 | Historical Access Read Raw `Err-025.js`: no non-historizing Static
Scalar | New `Scalar_Static_NonHistorizing_Boolean` (HistoryRead access,
Historizing = false). See the historian change below. |
| 10 | Address Space Atomicity `001.js`: no NonatomicRead node found |
New `AccessRights_AccessAll_NonatomicReadWrite`. The script examines
only the first 10000 variables sorted by NodeId string; the 5000 mass
variables sort before `Scalar_Static_NonatomicReadWrite`. |

### Server library

- **Diagnostics EnabledFlag (item 7, Base Info Diagnostics
`018-1/2/3`).** `Server.ServerDiagnostics.EnabledFlag` is writable for
SecurityAdmin or ConfigureAdmin over SignAndEncrypt (UserAccessLevel
hook, asynchronous write handler); other users get
`Bad_UserAccessDenied`. Transitions are serialized, including the node
removal. Disabling returns `Bad_NotReadable` for
ServerDiagnosticsSummary, its children and the diagnostics arrays, and
removes the session and subscription diagnostics nodes (Part 5 §6.3.3).
The server keeps the registrations: enabling restores the nodes of the
live sessions and subscriptions with the same NodeIds (sessions created
while disabled included) and resets the arrays to Good. Counters stay
cumulative (required by `018-1.js`). Subscriptions created while
diagnostics are disabled still get no diagnostics node.
- `DiagnosticsNodeManager.IsDiagnosticsStructureNode` had an inverted
NodeId check, so monitored diagnostics nodes never started the scan
timer; `OnMonitoringModeChangedAsync` counted every node and replaced a
running timer. Both fixed.
- **Non-historized nodes (item 6).** `HistorianDispatcher` raw/modified,
processed and at-time reads ask the resolved provider
`IsHistorizingAsync` and return `Bad_HistoryOperationUnsupported` for a
node it does not historize, instead of the empty result the in-memory
historian gave for any node.
- **Browse order (item 8).** `ReferenceDictionary.Find` returned
references of a type from hash-based target maps, so a Browse filtered
by ReferenceType returned references in a different order than an
unfiltered Browse. It now returns them in insertion order (no extra
allocation; a single match keeps the fast path). View Basic 2 `015.js`
compares both lists by index. The characterization test in
`NodeStateReferenceStorageTests` is updated accordingly.

### CTT project settings (`samples/UAReferenceServer.ctt.xml`)

| Setting | Old | New |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `/Server Test/NodeIds/Static/All Profiles/Scalar/Bool` |
`ns=2;s=Scalar_Static_Boolean` |
`ns=2;s=Scalar_Static_NonHistorizing_Boolean` |
| `/Server Test/NodeIds/References/Has References of a ReferenceType and
SubType` | `ns=2;s=References_HasReferenceTypeAndSubType` | `i=2253` |
| `/Server Test/NodeIds/NodeClasses/Object` | `ns=2;s=Scalar` | `i=2253`
|

`References_HasReferenceTypeAndSubType` loses its
HasComponent/HasOrderedComponent references in the source generator;
that is tracked in #4484 and not changed here. The Server object has
HasComponent and HasAddIn references.

### Decisions

- **Item 11, Attribute Write StatusCode & Timestamp `003/006/008`
(writing ServerTimestamp): unchanged.** The stack rejects writes that
contain a ServerTimestamp (`NodeState`/`BaseVariableState`), which Part
4 §5.11.4.2 allows (`Bad_WriteNotSupported`); the CTT reports it as "Not
Supported", not as an error. Side finding, not changed: the
StatusWrite/TimestampWrite AccessLevel bits are not enforced.
- **Item 6:** Part 4 §5.11.3.4 (Table 52) specifies
`Bad_HistoryOperationUnsupported`; `Err-025.js` accepts only
`Bad_NotSupported`, so the case now runs and reports that as an error.
Recorded as a CTT defect in `plans/ctt-issues.md`.
- **Item 12:** removed the stale Historical Access `Err-012.js` entry
(fixed by #4026).

`plans/ctt-issues.md` adds C32 (`Err-025.js` status code), C33
(Atomicity `001.js`: 10000 cap, operator precedence, substring matching
of `UaNodesToIgnore`) and C34 (View Basic 2 `015.js` index comparison),
and replaces the Err-025/Err-012 configuration notes with the new
settings and the EnabledFlag access requirement. Monitor Basic `039.js`
is already C17. The run procedure in `plans/ctt-testing.md` is
unchanged.

## Verification

CTT 1.05.06, scripts 1.05.513, `ConsoleReferenceServer --ctt -a`, fresh
server per conformance unit/group. "master" = 5362ec5e5 with the
unchanged project settings.

**Targeted CUs (skips before → after):** Attribute Read `033` Pass; Base
Info Diagnostics `018-2`, `018-3` Pass, `018-1` Warning (*"Session
diagnostics not available"* for the session the script creates while
diagnostics are disabled); Base Info Engineering Units `001`
Inconclusive→Pass, `004` Pass; Base Info Server Capabilities 2 `002`
Pass; Data Access PercentDeadband `016`, `017` Warning→Pass; View Basic
2 `005`, `015`, `016`, `018`, `020` Pass; View Minimum Continuation
Point 01 `010`, `011` Pass, `012` Warning→Pass; Address Space Atomicity
`001` Pass; Monitor Value Change V2 `042` Error→Pass; Historical Access
Read Raw `Err-025` runs (CTT status-code defect above); `013` fails on a
varying number of results per run (1–12, also 11 on master), the
documented continuation-point defect #16. Unchanged: Monitor Basic `039`
(CTT script error), Monitor Value Change V2 `020` skip
(`Arrays/ByteString` elements shorter than 4 bytes, not part of #4479),
Historical Access Delete Value all pass.

**Saved selection (1,882 cases) per group, errors:** Address Space Model
0 → 0, Aggregates 4558 → 4558 and Base Information 19 → 19 (identical
messages) measured master (5362ec5e5) → this PR; after merging master
(#4478) and the review fixes, Aggregates 4210 and Base Information 19;
Attribute Services, Base Services, Data Access, Method Services and View
Services 0 errors with this PR (0 in the recorded baseline).

**Tests** (net10.0): Opc.Ua.Types.Tests 10395 passed,
Opc.Ua.Server.Tests 5561 passed, Opc.Ua.InformationModel.Tests 1082
passed, Opc.Ua.History.Tests 519 passed, Opc.Ua.Client.Tests 2266
passed; no failures. New regression tests: `ReferenceServerTests`
(units/ranges, 5x5 matrices, missing MinimumSamplingInterval,
non-historizing HistoryRead, NodeClass references, Server object
reference subtypes, both nonatomic nodes),
`DiagnosticsNodeManagerTests.SetDiagnosticsEnabledAsync_Toggle_HidesAndRestoresDiagnosticsAsync`,
`BaseInfoEnabledFlagToggleTests` (admin-only write, Bad_NotReadable
while disabled, restore after enable),
`ReferenceTableTests.FindReturnsReferencesInInsertionOrder`.

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---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: romanett <7413710+romanett@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-15 16:59:04 +00:00
romanett 93559d06d3 Fix sample A&C refresh and alarm timing found by slow CTT Alarms and Conditions runs (#4482)
## Why the CTT *Alarms and Conditions* group was so slow

I measured every A&C CU with a fresh `ConsoleReferenceServer --ctt` (CTT
1.05.06, scripts 1.05.513), read the per-test `ResultNode` timestamps,
and added `addLog` timing/counter instrumentation to a copy of the CTT
project.

| Cause | Effect |
| --- | --- |
| **CertificateExpiration** opens a modal dialog in `initialize.js`
("adjust the clock on the server"), and it also appears in `--hidden`
runs | The CTT never exits. This is why the whole group "did not finish
in 40 minutes". |
| **Limit/Level CUs:** `initialize.js` idles the CU session for one
Alarm Cycle Time (60 s) during the initial capture.
`RequestedSessionTimeout` is also 60 s. | The server correctly closes
the session. `LimitHelper` then gets `BadSessionIdInvalid` for its 5
filter subscriptions, and Test_003–006 each run 180 s, about 14 min per
CU. |
| Alarm `Test_002` never gives the AcknowledgeableCondition type a
result | Always runs 3 × cycle (180 s). |
| Enable `Test_003` needs every alarm type to go active within cycle/10
| Timed out in 6 of 7 runs, because boolean and analog alarms changed
state on different ticks. |
| Enable `Err_004` answers each event with Disable/Disable/Enable |
Feedback burst, after which the CTT alarm thread sometimes returns no
events. Details below. |
| Comment `Test_001`–`004` compare against
`CallHelper.ServerTimeOfCall`, which the CTT never sets (`0001-01-01`) |
Every comment event counts as unrelated, and the tests skip after 3
retries. The server's events carry the expected comment. |

Measured CU by CU, the group took **about 87 min plus the hang**. With
the fixes below, running the whole group in one CTT process without
CertificateExpiration takes **18:45** at Alarm Cycle Time 30. The per-CU
table is in `plans/ctt-testing.md` §6.

## Server changes

- **Refresh one subscription per request, not one per Call**
(`AlarmNodeManager.CallAsync`). The sample answered every
ConditionRefresh/ConditionRefresh2 after the first one in a Call with
`Bad_RefreshInProgress`, even for other subscriptions, and never
forwarded them. So CTT Refresh `Err_004` (10 subscriptions per Call)
only ever refreshed one of them. The check is now keyed by
SubscriptionId and MonitoredItemId.
- Regression tests:
`AlarmsAndConditionsRefreshTests.ConditionRefresh[2]OfDifferentSubscriptionsInOneCallSucceedsAsync`.
Both fail without the fix.
- **Boolean alarm source now uses the analog source's steps and limits**
(`AlarmController`, `ConditionTypeHolder.GetSeverity`). OffNormal,
Discrete and SystemOffNormal alarms now change state on the same tick as
the limit alarms (5 per second, 70/90/30/10), and the shortest state
still lasts 4 s.
- With this, Enable `Test_003` passed in 4 s instead of a timeout.
Confirm `Test_001` for the boolean types also stopped failing in both
group runs.
- Test:
`AlarmControllerTests.BooleanAndAnalogSourcesChangeStateOnTheSameStep`
(fails without the change).
- **Alarm controllers step on shared interval boundaries**
(`AlarmController.SetNextInterval`). Scheduling relative to the last
step let the two controllers drift up to one 100 ms simulation tick
apart, so the boolean events sometimes landed in a later publish and
Enable `Test_003` still timed out in 3 of 5 runs. With shared boundaries
it passed in 6 of 6 runs.
- Test:
`AlarmControllerTests.ControllersScheduleTheirStepsOnSharedIntervalBoundaries`.

I did not make the simulation faster. Acknowledge, Confirm and Comment
tests call methods with the EventId of the event they just received, and
a shorter state would make them race the next transition.

## Not reproduced / not a server defect

- **Refresh `Err_004` `BadSubscriptionIdInvalid` cascade.** In the
original run the alarm-thread session's subscriptions (15.5 s lifetime)
were gone after the script's 30 s wait. Nine further CTT runs passed all
28 Refresh/Refresh2 cases. An in-process replay with a sequential
publisher kept every subscription; that replay is what exposed the
refresh defect above.
- **Enable event stall (C43) is inside the CTT.** A server build that
logs every returned notification message showed that during a stall the
server sent 435 and 420 events to the two CTT event items in 173
messages, and the CTT acknowledged all of them, while its alarm-thread
buffers returned nothing. It only happens after `Err_004`'s
Disable/Enable feedback burst, in 8 of 28 runs.

## Docs

- `plans/ctt-testing.md`: new §6 *Alarms and Conditions*, covering the
recommended run, where the time goes, how to instrument a run and the
expected result. Also a note that a hidden CTT run can block on dialogs,
so always use a timeout.
- `plans/ctt-issues.md`: the A&C "open server findings" are replaced
with these results, and there are new CTT script defects C39–C44 plus
configuration notes (Shelving chattering alarms, Alarm Cycle Time vs
session timeout).

## Tests

- `Opc.Ua.History.Tests` A&C + AlarmClient: 155 passed.
- `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` `AlarmControllerTests` /
`QuickstartsServerUtilitiesTests`: 4 passed.
- CTT whole-group runs (27 CUs, 128 cases): 18:45 at cycle 30 and 29:23
at cycle 60 on this branch; 23:43 and 24:21 with only the refresh fix.
The spread comes from the Enable stall (C43).

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Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: romanett <7413710+romanett@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-15 14:44:36 +00:00
Marc Schier 9f14ddf5de Preserve non-child hierarchical references during NodeSet import (#4491)
# Description

Preserve forward and inverse same-namespace hierarchical references that
are not already represented by the NodeSet importer's parent/child
relationship. A reference is implicit only when both its endpoints and
its exact reference type match the selected ownership relationship;
additional links do not reparent their targets.

Also fix the generated-reference duplication that blocked the previous
attempt in #4473. Inherited and declared `NodeDesign` objects can differ
structurally while resolving to the same runtime reference.
Deduplicating by the emitted reference-type ID, direction, and target ID
prevents identical `AddReference` calls from throwing during
Robotics/OpenUSD startup.

- Add 21 importer/generator regression cases, including a minimized
recursive-placeholder reproduction of the startup failure.
- Strengthen the reference-server test to check the original missing
forward links, inverse counterparts, subtype filtering, and unchanged
ownership.
- Document ownership versus graph references in `docs/NodeManagers.md`.

## Validation

Confirmed the missing-reference cases fail before the importer fix, and
the minimized duplicate-reference case fails before the generator fix.
The original Robotics/OpenUSD fixture passed before the changes, failed
with the importer-only candidate, and passes with both fixes.

| Suite | net10.0 | net48 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| SourceGeneration.Core.Tests | 3,961 passed; 8 existing skips | 3,961
passed; 8 existing skips |
| SourceGeneration.Stack.Tests | 94 passed | 91 passed |
| SourceGeneration.Tests | 185 passed | 185 passed |
| Di.Tests, including all 17 RobotOpenUsdE2eTests | 425 passed | 425
passed |
| ReferenceServerTests | 45 passed | 45 passed |

Executed using `CustomTestTarget` with `dotnet test
tools/SourceGeneration.slnx`, the Di test project, and the
`ReferenceServerTests` filter in the Server test project. Scoped
whitespace/style checks and `git diff --check` also passed for the
changed code. Pre-existing analyzer diagnostics outside the changes were
left untouched.

The full `UA.slnx` test suite has not been run locally. CI and CodeQL
results remain pending.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4484.
- Addresses the hierarchical-reference limitation deliberately deferred
in #4473.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.
2026-09-15 13:06:47 +00:00
romanett 162fc5ebb3 Fix AddNodes scaling and OpenSecureChannel revocation errors found by CTT Monitored Item, Node Management and security runs (#4486)
# Description

Findings from running the CTT conformance groups **Monitored Item
Services**, **Node Management Services**, **Security General** and
**Security User Token** against `ConsoleReferenceServer --ctt` (CTT
1.05.06, scripts 1.05.513). The security groups ran **without `-a`**,
against an isolated server PKI built from the CTT's `copyToServer`
folders, so the negative certificate tests are meaningful.

## Server fixes

### AddNodes below one parent was quadratic (Node Management Delete Node
`Err-002.js`)

The CTT adds 15,000 variables below `ns=2;s=CTT` in batches of 5,000 and
warned that AddNodes responses took 400–800 ms. For every added node the
server searched all children of the parent twice: once in the BrowseName
duplicate check in `AsyncCustomNodeManager.AddNodeCoreAsync`, which also
copied the children list, and once in the NodeVersion lookup of
`FilterChangesByNodeVersion`.

- `NodeState.FindChild` now searches children lists with ≥ 64 entries
through a BrowseName index kept in a `ConditionalWeakTable`, so nodes
with few children get no extra field.
- It keeps first-match semantics and is maintained by
`AddChild`/`RemoveChild`.
- It is dropped on replacement and invalidated when a child is renamed
or moves to another parent.
- Lists whose children point at another parent (clones) are still
searched linearly.
- The duplicate check uses `FindChild` instead of copying the list.

| 5,000-node AddNodes batch (in-process, Debug) | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| before | 769 ms | 2,083 ms | 4,011 ms |
| after | 141 ms | 166 ms | 172 ms |

In the CTT, AddNodes of 5,000 items now answers in 51–72 ms and the
warning is gone.

### OpenSecureChannel leaked revocation errors (Security Certificate
Validation `002.js`)

Part 4 §6.1.3, Table 106:
- For the revocation check (`Bad_CertificateRevoked`,
`Bad_CertificateIssuerRevoked`), `Bad_SecurityChecksFailed` **shall** be
reported to the client.
- For a missing revocation list (`Bad_CertificateRevocationUnknown`,
`Bad_CertificateIssuerRevocationUnknown`), it **should** be.

`TcpServerChannel` masked only `Bad_CertificateRevoked`, and
`StandardServer.OnApplicationCertificateError` (CreateSession) had its
own list that missed `Bad_CertificatePolicyCheckFailed`. Both now use
one helper, `CertificateErrorReporting` in Opc.Ua.Core, which also
inspects the nested errors of the certificate validator (both paths now
throw the validation result with `ThrowIfInvalid`). Only validity
period, host name, URI and usage errors keep their own code, and audit
events still carry the specific result. The CTT warning is gone.

### Sample data

- **Monitor Value Change V2 `020.js`** skipped because
`Scalar_Static_Arrays_ByteString` had a 1-byte and a 3-byte element. The
script checks every element, and the simulation only padded elements
0–2. The seed value now has no element shorter than four bytes, and the
simulation pads every element.
- **Monitor Value Change V2 `042.js`** got 18 of 19 notifications. The
missing item is the Float matrix: its element [1,1] was
`-1.03179664E+33`, where adding 1 is below Float precision, so the value
really did not change. The server did not drop a notification. The
element is now `-1031.79664`.

## CTT results after the fixes

| Group | Result |
| --- | --- |
| Monitored Item Services (208) | Monitor Value Change V2 44/44.
Remaining: Monitor Basic `039.js` (C17, missing include), `038.js`
warning (C32), and 1–2 sporadic timestamp-tolerance warnings that move
between test cases from run to run. |
| Node Management Services (15) | Only Add Node `Err-008.js` (Mantis
11266). |
| Security General (314) | Certificate Validation: 23 pass, 24 not
implemented, 3 not-applicable skips. None CreateSession/ActivateSession:
all pass. The other 50 CUs are *Not Implemented* in scripts 1.05.513. |
| Security User Token (66) | Anonymous `002.js` (C35) and User Name
Password 2 `015.js` (C36) fail because of CTT defects. X509: 18/18
automated cases pass. |

## CTT defects documented (`plans/ctt-issues.md`)

- **C32** `038.js` compares a RevisedSamplingInterval of 0 with a
project setting instead of the node's MinimumSamplingInterval or the
server's MinSupportedSampleRate.
- **C33** `020.js` requires every ByteString element to be ≥ 4 bytes,
but its message says elements 0–2.
- **C34** `RequestedNewNodeId()` always sends `ns=1`, regardless of
`RequestedNodeId_Namespace`, so client NodeIds can't be enabled.
- **C35** Security User Anonymous picks the `opc.wss` endpoint, which
the CTT cannot open (`BadNotSupported`).
- **C36** `UaEndpointDescription.FindTokenType` rewrites the cached
endpoints' token policies, so `015.js` reports PolicyIds as reused. The
server's GetEndpoints output was verified compliant (PolicyIds unique
per configuration, Mantis 11258).
- Evidence added to **C9** (042.js) and **issue 17** (015.js).

`plans/ctt-testing.md` gains how to run the Monitored Item/Node
Management groups and a recommended setup for the security groups:
isolated PKI from `copyToServer`, no `-a`, PKI restore per part, and
waiting for `Server started`. Other findings recorded there:
- the Create/DeleteMonitoredItems timing warnings are jitter;
- `LoginNameAccessDenied` is not a real user;
- `samples\UAReferenceServer.ctt.xml` needs no change (enabling
`RequestedNodeId` breaks six Add Node cases because of C34).

**Note:** `plans/ctt-testing.md` and the refreshed `plans/ctt-issues.md`
are introduced by #4482. The plans files here are based on #4482's
versions, and new entries start at C32 because #4481 uses C19–C31.
Please merge after #4482 (or rebase the plans files onto it).

## Tests

- `NodeStateChildNameIndexTests` (Opc.Ua.Types.Tests): index semantics
(duplicates, remove, rename, replace, re-parent, clone, shrink/grow,
2,000 random operations against a linear search). Also a scan guard:
5,000 misses against 50,000 children take 97 ms with the index and 7,083
ms with it disabled.
-
`AsyncCustomNodeManagerNodeManagementTests.AddNodeAsync_DuplicateBrowseNameUnderParentWithManyChildren…`
- `TcpServerChannelCertificateErrorTests` (Opc.Ua.Core.Tests): masked vs
reported certificate errors.
- Opc.Ua.Server.Tests 5,553 passed, Opc.Ua.Core.Security.Tests 556
passed, Opc.Ua.Core.Tests (Security + Stack) 3,561 passed,
InformationModel NodeManagement 26 passed (net10.0).
- Opc.Ua.Types.Tests 10,404 passed and 1 failed:
`WotSpecFixtureManifestTests.EveryEmbeddedExampleMatchesItsRecordedHash`.
That test hashes WoT assets which are `eol=lf` in the index but CRLF in
this worktree's checkout; no WoT file is touched by this PR.

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the CLA and read the CONTRIBUTING doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I ran all tests locally using UA.slnx against .NET Framework and
.NET 10 (net10.0 suites listed above only).

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: romanett <7413710+romanett@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-15 10:08:30 +00:00
romanett 484d6c8870 Fix ActivateSession deadlock on expired sessions and keep-alive after durable subscription transfer found by CTT Session/Subscription runs (#4487)
Fixes two server defects found by running the CTT (UA 1.05.06, scripts
1.05.513) conformance groups **Session Services** and **Subscription
Services** against `ConsoleReferenceServer --ctt -a`, and documents
every remaining failure.

## Server fixes

### ActivateSession on an expired session deadlocked the session manager
`SessionManager.ActivateSessionAsync` detected `session.HasExpired`
while holding the session-manager `SemaphoreSlim` and then called
`IServerInternal.CloseSessionAsync`, which ends in
`SessionManager.CloseSessionAsync` waiting for the same non-reentrant
semaphore. The activation never returned and every later
CreateSession/ActivateSession blocked, so the server stopped accepting
sessions.

- CTT: Session Base `002.js` (stall a session past its timeout, then
activate it) hung for the CTT's 20 s request timeout. After it, 19
Session Base test cases, all of Session Change User, and the
`initialize.js` of Session Cancel and Session Multiple failed with
`BadTimeout` on CreateSession. The group took 9:03.
- Fix: detect expiry under the lock, release it, then count
`SessionTimeoutCount`, report the audit event, close the session and
return `Bad_SessionClosed` (Part 4 §5.7.2).
- Test: `SessionManagerExpiryTests` uses a `SessionManager` without the
monitor loop and a `FakeTimeProvider`, so the expired-session path is
deterministic. It fails without the fix (the 30 s deadlock guard trips).

### First Publish after TransferSubscriptions of an abandoned
subscription returned a keep-alive
While a (durable) subscription has no Session, the publish timer keeps
counting its keep-alive but moves ready monitored items to the publish
list only when `Session != null`. After the transfer, the first Publish
found the keep-alive due and nothing scheduled, and returned an empty
keep-alive although buffered values were ready (Part 4 §5.14.1.1). The
data only arrived one Publish later.

- CTT: Subscription Durable `004.js`, *"Didn't receive the data from the
transferred subscription"*. It passed when the CU ran alone and failed
in the whole-group run.
- Fix: `Subscription.InnerPublish` moves ready items from the check list
to the publish list before it would send a keep-alive.
- Test:
`SubscriptionTests.FirstPublishAfterTransferOfAbandonedSubscriptionReturnsQueuedDataAsync`
fails without the fix (empty `NotificationData`).

## CTT results (fresh server per run)

| Group | Before | After |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Session Services (4 CUs, 32 cases) | ~25 errors (deadlock cascade),
9:03 | 3 errors, all C32 (CTT defect), 0:45 |
| Subscription Services (14 CUs, 215 cases) | `020.js` (known, Mantis
11260), `012.js`, and `004.js` intermittently | `020.js` + `012.js`
(C33, CTT defect); `004.js` passed 3 of 3 runs |

Transfer, Minimum 05, Publish Min 10 and Basic have no errors. Warnings
and skips are classified in `plans/ctt-issues.md`.

## Documentation (`plans/`)
- The first docs commit takes `plans/ctt-testing.md` and
`plans/ctt-issues.md` unchanged from #4482, so identical content merges
cleanly with the open CTT PRs. The second docs commit contains only this
PR's additions.
- **C32**: Session Base `Err-002.js`/`Err-005.js`/`Err-022.js` pick the
`opc.wss` SignAndEncrypt endpoint in `initialize.js` and send it as the
EndpointUrl over a UA TCP channel; `HostnameFromUrl` (`UaH.js:64`)
cannot parse `opc.wss`.
- **C33**: Subscription Durable `012.js` ignores `Bad_UserAccessDenied`
when browsing `SubscriptionDiagnosticsArray`. The server restricts it to
SecurityAdmin over SignAndEncrypt. The script then reads an empty list
(`Bad_NothingToDo`), and line 37 is missing braces.
- Issue 18 (`008.js`) is still misspelled in 1.05.513 but passes against
this server.
- CloseSession latency warning (600–700 ms in the CTT; 0–19 ms
in-process), Publish Min 05 `003.js` subscription-limit configuration
note, Session/Subscription coverage (manual and no-test-case CUs).
- `ctt-testing.md` section 7: how to run both groups (one CTT process
each, 20 min timeout, short project path — a deep project copy breaks
the CTT's relative certificate paths), per-CU timings and expected
results; pitfall about several automated CTT runs sharing port 62541.

C-entry numbers start at C32 because #4481 already uses C19–C31.

## Tests
- `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`: 5554 passed, 0 failed
- `Opc.Ua.Sessions.Tests`: 778 passed, 0 failed, 379 skipped (same
counts as a clean tree)
- `Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Tests`: 619 passed, 0 failed, 6 skipped

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2026-09-14 20:31:52 +00:00
romanett 6313e38a06 Fix Part 13 aggregate status and FindAlias validation defects found by CTT runs (#4478)
# Description

Headless CTT runs (UA 1.05.06, scripts 1.05.513) against
`ConsoleReferenceServer --ctt` surfaced server-side defects in the Part
13 aggregate calculators and in the Part 17 FindAlias argument
validation. This PR fixes them and documents the CTT workflow and
findings.

## Aggregate fixes (`src/Opc.Ua.Server/Aggregates`)

- **Partial bit on reverse reads.** `m_startOfData`/`m_endOfData`
followed queue order, which is newest-first when `StartTime > EndTime`,
so the start-of-data check tested the wrong end.
- Both are now tracked chronologically, and only for values that pass
the queue-order check.
- The end-of-data check, previously disabled for backward reads for the
same reason, now applies in both directions (Part 13 §5.3.3.2).
- **Time-based status with TreatUncertainAsBad.**
`GetTimeBasedStatusCode` counted Uncertain regions as neither Good nor
Bad when `TreatUncertainAsBad = true`.
- They now count as Bad, and the Bad ratio is evaluated before the Good
ratio.
- A Bad result keeps its aggregate bits, like the Good and Uncertain
results (§5.4.3.2.1).
- Affects TimeAverage2, Total2, Minimum2, Maximum2, Range2 and the
ActualTime2 variants.
- **DurationGood / DurationBad / PercentGood / PercentBad first
region.** The first region inherited the status of the interpolated
simple bound (e.g. Uncertain when Bad data follows). It now takes the
status of the raw value at or before the interval start, or Bad if there
is none (§5.4.3.31/32).
- **WorstQuality2 on backward reads.** The start bound was taken at the
late time and values were scanned newest-first. A backward interval is
now calculated like the forward interval over the same range, with the
start bound at the early time (§5.4.2.2, §5.4.3.36).
- **Behavior change:** this reverses the reverse-direction semantics
added in #3978. Part 11 §6.5.4.2 can be read as making the late time the
interval start, but Part 13 §5.4.2.2 and the CTT oracle agree on the
forward-equivalent calculation. The two `StatusAggregateCalculatorTests`
cases that encoded the old behavior were updated.
- The WorstQuality and WorstQuality2 loop is shared, so backward
**WorstQuality** now also reports the chronologically first of equally
severe statuses, like the forward calculation. This is covered by
`DirectAndLiveWorstQualityBackwardSelectsChronologicallyFirstStatusAsync`.

## FindAlias argument validation (`src/Opc.Ua.Server/AliasNames`)

- **Found by:** CTT AliasName Base `Err-001.js`–`Err-004.js`. FindAlias
returned Good for malformed search strings (`A[`, `A\`, `A\\\`) and for
a `HasComponent` ReferenceTypeFilter.
- **Spec:** Part 17 §6.3.2 Table 4 requires `Bad_InvalidArgument` for an
invalid search string, and the ReferenceTypeFilter shall be `AliasFor`
or one of its subtypes.
- **Matcher:** `AliasNameWildcardMatcher.IsValidPattern` rejects a
trailing escape character, an unterminated or empty `[..]` list, and
list contents that are not a valid character class (these previously
threw). `IsMatch` no longer matches malformed patterns.
- **Dispatcher:** `AliasNameMethodDispatcher` returns
`Bad_InvalidArgument` for FindAlias and FindAliasVerbose on an invalid
pattern or a non-AliasFor filter. A null filter and `References` still
match every alias.

## Tests

- **Aggregates:**
- `AggregateCttRegressionTests` gains 18 cases. Each runs the calculator
directly and through `HistorianDispatcher` with the in-memory historian.
- Covered: the Partial bit forward and backward at the start and end of
data; rejected out-of-order values; Minimum2 status with
TreatUncertainAsBad true and false; the Duration and Percent
first-region case; WorstQuality2 and WorstQuality backward vs forward.
- With the aggregate source fixes reverted, every bug-targeted case
fails and the controls pass.
- **FindAlias:** new matcher and dispatcher unit tests. The
InformationModel integration tests for these cases now require
`Bad_InvalidArgument` instead of accepting an empty result.
- **Local results (net10.0):**
  - `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` aggregate/historian filter: 848/848.
  - `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` AliasName: 147/147.
- `Opc.Ua.History.Tests` aggregate/historical access/history client:
263/263.
  - `Opc.Ua.InformationModel.Tests` Alias: 54 passed, 5 skipped.
  - `Opc.Ua.Features.Tests` Alias: 11/11.
  - `Opc.Ua.Client.Tests` AliasName: 28/28.
- **CTT reruns against the fixed server:**
- Aggregate errors: 4,560 → 4,226. Server-vs-oracle DataValue
mismatches: 10,067 → 9,415.
- Every targeted aggregate mismatch pattern is gone, except the new
DurationGood/PercentGood rows. Those are a CTT oracle defect, documented
as C6.
- AliasName Base `Err-001.js`–`Err-004.js` now pass. The remaining
Hierarchy `002.js` error is a known CTT defect, Mantis 11262.

## Documentation (`plans/`)

- **`ctt-testing.md` (new):** running the CTT headless against the
reference server, generating selection files, reading results, capturing
the aggregate values behind failures, and triaging CTT vs server
defects.
- **`ctt-issues.md`:** an issue register with the current Mantis status
of every filed issue. It adds:
  - the not-yet-filed CTT defects (C1–C18);
  - clarification items;
- open server findings to investigate (Auditing, A&C Refresh and
Comment, GDS Like filters and AliasName Discovery);
  - CTT project configuration and coverage notes.
  - Skipped tests caused by sample-data gaps are tracked in #4479.

## Related Issues

- Relates to #3978 (earlier CTT aggregate conformance work) and #4479
(CTT coverage gaps).

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-14 11:26:38 +00:00
romanett 8e874d073b Revise event monitored item queueSize 0/1 per Part 4 §7.21 (fixes CTT Auditing Connections) (#4480)
## Problem

CTT **Auditing Connections** (CTT 1.05.06, scripts 1.05.513,
`ConsoleReferenceServer --ctt -a`) fails nondeterministically:

- `TestFindActualFromExpected - Unable to Find Entry for
ClientAuditEntryId <id>` (011.js, 012.js, 007.js, 020.js, varying by
run)
- `TestFindActualFromExpected - Unable to Find an Entry for
AuditEventType: i=2060` (and i=2069/i=2071), reported as Not Supported

## Root cause

The CTT audit subscription (`library/Base/auditThread.js`) monitors
`Server.EventNotifier` with the CTT's default `QueueSize = 1` and a 250
ms publishing interval. For **event** monitored items Part 4 §7.21
defines queueSize 0 as "the Server default" and 1 as "the minimum queue
size the Server requires for Event Notifications". `EventManager` only
clamped the maximum and `MonitoredItem.InitializeQueue` mapped only 0 to
1000, so 1 became a literal one-entry discard-oldest queue
(`RevisedQueueSize = 1`).

A single connect raises OpenSecureChannel, CreateSession,
ActivateSession and CloseSession audit events within milliseconds, and
in `--ctt` mode alarm events share the queue. Every event except the
last one raised between two publishes was dropped and replaced by an
`EventQueueOverflowEventType`.

The audit event content itself was correct. The events that survived
carried exactly the `ClientAuditEntryId` the CTT put in
`RequestHeader.AuditEntryId`.

## Evidence (instrumented CTT copy logging `Test.Audit.GetBuffer()`)

| Server | RevisedQueueSize | CTT buffer | Auditing group result |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| master | 1 | 16 events, **7 × i=3035 EventQueueOverflow**, 0 ×
OpenSecureChannel (2060), 0 × CloseSession (2069) | 18 pass, 2 Error + 1
NotSupported (007/020/001) |
| this PR | 1000 | 42 events, no overflow, every expected audit type
present | 21 pass, 0 errors (official project, uninstrumented) |

Each gap in the master buffer is followed by an overflow event. For
example, OpenSecureChannel at .553 is overwritten by CreateSession at
.617, and CloseSession at 08.307 by CloseSecureChannel at 08.312.

## Fix

- `EventManager.CalculateRevisedQueueSize`: requested queueSize 0 and 1
are revised to the new `EventManager.DefaultEventQueueSize` (1000), then
limited by `MaxEventQueueSize`/`MaxDurableEventQueueSize`. This applies
on create, modify and restore, so `RevisedQueueSize` reports the real
size.
- `MonitoredItem.InitializeQueue`/`RestoreQueue`: event items with
queueSize ≤ 1 use the same default. Previously only 0 did; data change
behaviour is unchanged.

## Tests

- New `EventManagerTests`: revision of 0/1, clamping to max, modify with
1, and a behavioural test that a 3-event burst on a `QueueSize = 1` item
publishes all 3. Before the fix it published 2: the last event plus the
overflow event.
- `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests`: 5558 passed / 0 failed (net10.0)
- `Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Tests`: 619 passed / 0 failed / 6 skipped
(net10.0)
- `Opc.Ua.Core.Security.Tests` (Audit filter): 88 passed / 0 failed / 3
skipped

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-09-14 10:15:21 +02:00
Marc Schier 2d9088119b Fix alias startup ordering and retained translation fallbacks (#4469)
# Description

Complete the two P2 follow-up fixes identified during review of #4456.

- Copy alias stores after application `IServerPreStartupTask`
registrations finish, but before address-space creation. This preserves
stores initialized asynchronously during startup, for both the default
DI server and compatible custom servers. Task ordering, once-only
execution, failure/cancellation behavior, and opt-in snapshot
materialization remain intact.
- Preserve the original `TranslationInfo` fallback locale, template,
key, and arguments while rendering the selected translation. Retained
values and service results can be translated for another session without
losing their original fallback.
- Keep selected templates unformatted until rendering, use the selected
locale for formatting, retain metadata through locale filtering, and
avoid double-formatting escaped braces during single-language
conversion.
- Add deterministic alias initialization and translation regressions,
extend native hosting coverage, and update the feature documentation.

Public signatures and `LocalizedText` struct layout are unchanged. No
dependencies, migration-guide changes, CI settings, or
coverage-threshold changes are introduced.

## Related Issues

- Related to #4410.
- Follow-up to the two P2 review findings in #4456.

## Validation

The new regressions failed before the relevant fixes and pass afterward.

| Scope | net10.0 | net48 |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Complete Types test project | 10,265 passed; 1 existing skip | 10,255
passed; 1 existing skip |
| Affected hosting, aliases, resources, and configuration tests | 561
passed | 561 passed |
| Existing real-session alias integration tests | 11 passed | 11 passed
|

- Built the affected libraries across all configured target frameworks
with **0 warnings and 0 errors**.
- Published and ran the actual Windows NativeAOT test executable: **7
HostingAotTests passed**, including initialized alias registries and
English-to-German-to-English fallback preservation. Local compilation
used `IlcSingleThreaded=true` after a parallel compiler attempt
exhausted host memory; repository settings are unchanged.
- Focused coverage: **28/29 changed executable production lines
(96.55%)**.
- Changed-file formatting and diff checks pass.

The results above are the stated local project/filtered runs, not a
complete local `UA.slnx` test run. Remote CI and CodeQL results are
pending.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.
2026-09-11 14:28:46 +02:00
Marc Schier 0e600c0f0b Fix hosted-server DI composition gaps (#4456)
# Description

Complete the remaining hosted-server DI hooks so applications can
compose the regular server without subclassing `StandardServer` solely
for these extension points.

- Add `ConfigureServerProperties` and ordered, per-server
`ConfigureResources` callbacks. BuildInfo defaults come from the
effective application configuration; explicit property registrations
take precedence without mutating shared options.
- Add authenticator instance/validator-aware factory overloads and
generic/async-delegate startup tasks. Startup tasks are awaited in
registration order, and failures or cancellation clean up the server.
Host shutdown waits for execution cleanup before disposing injected
dependencies, including when its shutdown deadline expires.
- Add asynchronous and legacy node-manager factory instances plus
deferred, configuration-aware `ArrayOf<IAsyncNodeManagerFactory>`
registrations. Resolve factories after configuration and certificate
setup while preserving ownership and feature isolation.
- Register alias stores before address-space creation and add opt-in
standard `TagVariables`/`Topics` materialization. Existing
custom-category behavior is retained; browse nodes are startup snapshots
while queries and supported LastChange values remain live.
- Derive the default DI server from `ReverseConnectServer`, retaining DI
roles/session hooks and authoritative XML/stream configuration. Ignore
queued callbacks from stopped or superseded timers to prevent
reconnection or rearming after shutdown.
- Fix resource translation lookup/formatting exposed by the new
callbacks, retain existing constructor signatures and
direct/custom-server paths, and document the optional hosting APIs.

Adopting these hooks is optional; existing construction and
subclass-based customization remain supported. The migration guide is
unchanged.

No changes to UA-.NETStandard-Samples and no new dependencies.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4410

## Validation

- Focused server hosting, aliases, reverse-connect, configuration, and
resource suites: **571 passed on net10.0 and 571 passed on net48**.
- Existing affected real-session alias integration fixtures: **11 passed
on each framework**.
- Real reverse-connect discovery, session creation, and BuildInfo reads
verified for options, XML-file, and stream configuration.
- Published and executed the Windows NativeAOT test binary: **7
HostingAotTests passed**.
- Final server-library build passed across all configured target
frameworks with **0 warnings and 0 errors**; no new diagnostics in
changed test files.
- Focused changed-line coverage: **336/338 executable production lines
(99.41%)**.
- Deterministic timer regressions failed before the shutdown fix and
pass afterward.
- CI shutdown follow-up: the unchanged
`UnavailableUpstreamEndpointFailsMappedReadAsync` scenario passes
locally, and **245 hosting tests pass on each of net10.0 and net48**,
including regressions for an expired host shutdown deadline and
already-canceled startup. The local net48 run uses a short NUnit work
directory to avoid Windows path-length limits.

## Azure build 18136 follow-up

- Await WoT browse reconciliation before upload, default-version, and
enable/disable handlers return. Three barrier-controlled regressions
reproduce the exact missing version metadata before the fix.
- Make the reconciliation test observe the actual corrective state frame
rather than require a new acknowledgement after a no-op reseed. The
corrected tests also verify value, status, timestamp, and quiescence;
production gossip behavior is unchanged.
- Drain redirected stdout/stderr when sample processes exit, replacing a
fixed grace delay that could lose the final success line. A controlled
real-process regression fails before the fix.
- Fix CA1508, CA1823, CA1850, CA2012, and CA1861 at their sources, and
correct unsupported legacy AOT declarations and the existing
stress-placeholder target. Modern test targets and AOT analysis remain
enabled.

Follow-up validation:

- Full **Release `UA.slnx` builds pass on net10.0 and net48 with 0
warnings and 0 errors**.
- Complete previously failing WoT net48 job: **1496 passed**. The
identical binary was run from a short local assembly path to avoid the
nested repair worktree exceeding Windows path-length limits.
- Complete previously failing Redundancy.Server net10.0 job: **783
passed**.
- All short-haul HA/process cases: **12 passed**, including both
original identity-failover topologies.
- Affected WoT lifecycle selection: **113 passed on Release net10.0**;
controlled replication selection: **15 passed on each framework**.
- No test assertions, timeouts, coverage thresholds, collector settings,
or CI failure gates were weakened. Existing legacy empty-project result
notices and auto-property coverage exclusions remain unchanged.

These are full solution builds plus the reported test scopes, not a full
local `UA.slnx` test run.

Remote validation at `77c1055f1adb1557c5bf99b70e76f4a0cd95ee94`: **all
265 PR checks passed**, including Azure build **18172**, GitHub Build
and Test, CodeQL, and Docker image checks.

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [x] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: romanett <romanett98@gmail.com>
Co-authored-by: Copilot Autofix powered by AI <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-10 05:56:52 +02:00