13 Commits
Author SHA1 Message Date
Marc Schier 2836da7ec8 Fix sessionless ResultTransfer ownership bypass and other issues. (#4834)
# Description

Correct ownership, endpoint validation, policy propagation, subscription
delivery, file handling and generated-model behavior across the stack,
tools and samples. Add focused regression tests and update the
corresponding guides and sample documentation.

### Previously included corrections

- Require an active, matching session to generate or access transient
ResultTransfer file handles. Cover both sessionless generation and reads
against a handle owned by an active session, using live session owners
in the Machinery tests.
- Keep physical filesystem operations within their configured mount and
apply the same confinement checks throughout file operations.
- Validate LDS semaphore paths consistently during server registration
and registration-store maintenance.

### Individual issues addressed

| # | Component | Issue and correction |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | AI jobs and transfers | Jobs and transfers did not consistently
retain their creator's identity and session. Apply ownership checks to
descendants, file handles, subscriptions and execution, and recheck
deployment permissions before dispatch. |
| 2 | Password-management client | Password-bearing calls could use
signing-only channels or follow a replacement connection. Capture an
encrypted transport generation and keep dispatch bound to it; preserve
ordinary non-password edits. |
| 3 | GDS and certificate-push clients | Connections omitted hostname
verification. Validate the original configured DNS name or IP address
before session activation. |
| 4 | Certificate push | Private-key uploads could use signing-only
calls. Require an encrypted, generation-bound dispatch while preserving
certificate-only updates and restoring the caller's identity afterward.
|
| 5 | MQTT client | The .NET Framework custom-trust callback could
discard TLS hostname, certificate-availability and usage errors. Retain
those checks while supporting configured issuer trust. |
| 6 | DTLS handshake | Certificate trust was not tied to the configured
peer address. Match the certificate's DNS or IP identity to the intended
endpoint. |
| 7 | Replicated address spaces | Serialized nodes lost per-node and
descendant permission metadata. Preserve role permissions, user-role
permissions and access restrictions, including updates to existing
replica nodes. |
| 8 | MCP PubSub imports | Imports without groups skipped checks on the
effective broker destination. Check the actual endpoint before resolving
credentials or activating the connection. |
| 9 | Reference-server accounts | A disabled username account could
authenticate again with its previous roles. Reject disabled accounts
during fresh authentication. |
| 10 | Console reference client | The sample disabled hostname checks
when connecting to an otherwise trusted peer. Retain the original
requested host and validate it before activation. |
| 11 | Capture replay and export | Replay and raw export could accept
non-capture files or include key material. Require complete PCAP/PCAPNG
containers and exclude key sidecars and decryption-secret blocks. |
| 12 | PubSub adapter fallback | The fallback client configuration
automatically accepted peer certificates. Apply normal trust and
hostname validation before activation or reads. |
| 13 | Kafka transport | Explicit TLS enablement was checked but did not
reach both final Confluent configurations. Use the same effective
protocol for validation, producers and consumers. |
| 14 | PubSub actions | Configuration rebuilds could widen a
connection-local action handler's scope. Preserve its original
connection association and reject mismatched dispatch. |
| 15 | PubSub readers | Reader-level message-protection settings were
accepted but ignored. Apply the effective group and reader settings
before accepting and publishing received values. |
| 16 | PubSub key groups | Different `SecurityGroupId` values could
share one connection-wide key context. Reject mixed groups on a
connection and require separate connections for distinct groups. |
| 17 | MCP session registrations | Session-name replacement or reuse
could retain another registration's credential bindings. Bind access to
the registration, caller and authenticated endpoint, and preserve that
identity when borrowing sessions. |
| 18 | Viewer HTTP host | Requests reached the viewer's OPC UA session
without consistent Host, Origin and port checks. Validate the request
destination and browser origin before using the session, while retaining
supported local MCP clients. |
| 19 | Vision file operations | File operations did not consistently
apply protected-file checks, and remote handles lacked caller and
connection context. Apply the shared checks and use host-side opaque
handles bound to caller, target and generation. |
| 20 | DTLS record integrity | The integrity-only MAC used a truncated
sequence number. Authenticate the full reconstructed sequence number and
epoch so records remain distinct across rollover. |
| 21 | AMB client sample | Connection setup omitted hostname validation.
Preserve the originally requested host and verify the peer identity
before activation. |
| 22 | Robot sample writes | The R2 `SpeedOverride` callback could
target R1 state. Bind each callback to its own robot and apply that
robot's write policy. |
| 23 | AI result properties | Optional result children inherited
remotely writable defaults. Preserve their declaration restrictions and
keep server-produced results read-only. |
| 24 | WSS peer-trust updates | Existing channels did not consistently
respond to peer-trust changes. Revalidate complete chains for forward
and reverse WSS channels and close only those that no longer validate. |
| 25 | GDS revocation checks | Caller-provided certificates could cause
issuer retrieval from embedded URLs. Resolve validation from configured
local trust, issuers and CRLs without fetching caller-provided
locations. |
| 26 | GMS observations | Published correction observations retained
writable model defaults. Reject remote writes while preserving
publisher-side updates. |
| 27 | Production-dataset monitoring | Subscription admission and
delivery could use the reporter's context instead of each subscriber's
permissions. Evaluate the subscriber at admission and on every delivery,
including cancellation and disposal paths. |
| 28 | WoT MQTT destinations | Hostless MQTT forms could imply a
localhost destination before loopback checks. Reject them before
credential lookup or connection attempts and validate the effective
endpoint. |
| 29 | XRegistry opaque reads | Content-ID reads and notifications did
not consistently honor encrypted-read requirements or the currently
accepted transport. Recheck the bound endpoint and reject transport
downgrades before rebinding, including when protected values are already
queued. |
| 30 | PubSub capture dissection | Key loading did not consistently
check the configured capture-root boundary. Check each actual key path
immediately before opening it. |
| 31 | PubSub publication queues | Imported WriterGroup queues were not
fully checked against publish-topic grants. Check the destination
actually used by each group. |
| 32 | MCP PubSub mutations | A caller-supplied mode could select
subscribe grants for an operation that publishes. Derive the required
direction and parent context from the actual mutation. |
| 33 | Generated write masks | Model import and generation could widen
an explicit `UserWriteMask`. Preserve it through import, copy, merge,
inheritance and dependency metadata. |
| 34 | Generated method flags | An explicit `UserExecutable=false` could
be lost. Preserve its specified state and resulting method behavior
through the same model paths. |
| 35 | Generated role identifiers | Unresolved role identifiers could
cause permission entries to be omitted. Preserve namespace-qualified
role IDs and report a diagnostic when a policy cannot be represented. |
| 36 | Aggregation-server defaults | The `localhost` default did not
reliably constrain listener binding. Use numeric loopback for the
default endpoint and command-line fallback. |
| 37 | Certificate-validation cache | Cached results could skip current
leaf or issuer validity checks. Recheck validity windows on cache hits
and keep hostname validation independent of cached chain trust. |
| 38 | Software-update folders | Revision names and marker contents
containing dot segments could select paths outside the software root.
Normalize and check every derived path against that root. |
| 39 | USDA arrays | Array elements were not encoded for their string or
asset context. Escape them as data and preserve valid composition and
round-trip behavior. |
| 40 | Adapter hot reload | A changed dataset definition with the same
name could keep old fields, subscriptions or cached values active.
Compare complete immutable definitions and retire old state before
replacement. |
| 41 | Adapter index ranges | Subscription publication could ignore
`IndexRange` and return the complete value. Preserve the requested
projection and its status and timestamps; reject unsupported range
providers. |
| 42 | PubSub metadata and targets | Metadata from one connection could
change another connection's target mapping. Scope metadata to its
connection and provenance, and resolve targets using actual typed field
IDs rather than field names or unintended positional fallback. |
| 43 | Scales product locks | Product locks were not applied across
every remote mutation path. Apply them consistently to value writes,
filling calculations and related recipe/controller operations while
retaining permitted updates. |
| 44 | Event permission caching | Cached event decisions could outlive
identity, role or node-policy changes. Revalidate the current
subscriber, event type and source permissions instead of reusing a stale
decision. |
| 45 | WoT Modbus destinations | Hostless Modbus forms could imply
localhost before loopback checks. Reject them before connecting and
validate the effective endpoint. |
| 46 | MCP local PKI tools | Peer-trust mutations did not consistently
require the caller's `CertificateAdministration` grant. Check the
capability before trust and untrust operations. |
| 47 | Robot-control HTTP bridge | The bridge lacked consistent Host,
Origin and port validation and caller-specific session grants. Apply
those checks before borrowing the OPC UA session and retain supported
local clients. |
| 48 | Subscription transfers | Transferred subscriptions could retain
cached notifications after the destination's permissions changed.
Require authorization continuity between source and destination
identities and roles, invalidate stale retransmission data when
continuity fails, and preserve retransmission behavior for compatible
transfers. |

### Compatibility notes

- Replication uses the versioned NSRP v1 policy envelope. Upgrade peers
together and re-encode or reseed legacy topology from the authoritative
model; missing permission metadata is not inferred from old records.
- Integrity-only DTLS peers must be upgraded together for the full
sequence/epoch MAC. AEAD behavior is unchanged.
- Distinct PubSub key groups require separate connections.
- Custom sessions that cannot capture the actual encrypted transport,
and subscription providers that cannot honor a requested range, are
rejected rather than silently changing the requested behavior.
- Subscription transfers retain retransmission data only when the
destination authorization remains compatible with the source snapshot;
otherwise the old sequence numbers and cached data are invalidated.

## Related Issues

No separate tracking issue is linked. The individual corrections are
listed above.

## Checklist

_Put an `x` in the boxes that apply. You can complete these step by step
after opening the PR._

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [ ] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.
2026-10-21 05:37:29 +02:00
Marc Schier 9bfc780e14 Update NuGet dependencies and migrate tests to NUnit 5 (#4840)
# Description

Update 55 NuGet dependencies to the latest stable releases available on
2026-10-19, preserving documented compatibility pins and
framework-specific version bands. Existing OpenUSD prereleases remain
unchanged because no newer releases are available.

Migrate existing tests to NUnit 5: await asynchronous assertions,
propagate async through helpers, handle nullable predicates, and replace
obsolete `Order` attributes with sequencing dependencies. Sequencing
dependencies use `AllowFailure = true`; filtering a dependent test also
runs prerequisites. Adjust fixture-level parallelism where NUnit
dependency scheduling requires it.

Keep Roslyn API/runtime pins intact; select newer Immutable/Metadata
runtime packages only for test and profiling hosts requiring them.
Update the approved SDK pin to 10.0.402 across local, CI, and container
builds. Document NUnit 5 conventions.
2026-10-19 15:23:29 +00:00
Marc Schier d764161a53 Extract core/types fixes for schemas, replay, and source generation (#4801)
# Description

Extract the reusable core/types layer from #4462 without including
UaLens or the other planned extraction layers.

- Preserve null versus empty in `ByteString.Copy`, and provide
older-framework path, random-byte, and SHA-256 convenience APIs.
- Encode abstract numeric structure fields (`Number`, `Integer`, and
`UInteger`) as Variants in JSON, XSD, and BSD schemas, with regression
coverage and schema documentation.
- Add opt-in complete-file validation for finalized PCAP replay while
retaining the existing tolerant reader default.
- Keep placeholder references on generated type templates, not runtime
instances, while preserving ordinary external references.

**Initial extraction:** commit
`8881e096fb5e4eaa36f3c13f8caa57733373bd19` preserves the assigned
changes from source `390c4a7a51b71da40caec2d22ef74518bbe670ce`, based on
pinned `master` commit `5b03e9afa492cdb36049ee52ae844f630f89d8db`: 20
exact full-file extractions and only the generic replay paragraph in
`docs/Diagnostics.md`. The UaLens capture-window paragraph remains with
the source PR. No UaLens projects, UI, native-rendering paths,
dependencies, or workflows are included.

**Review follow-up:** `814c0f2dc6056ea5eb898611565b3e96cfa65104` fixes
direct-placeholder references that bypassed filtering through
`TargetPath` and emitted an undefined `forInstance` guard in
instance-only factories. Filtering now follows target resolution.
Compilation/reference-shape regressions cover ObjectType/VariableType,
both placeholder rules, and direct-child/external targets;
`docs/NodeManagers.md` documents the behavior. The review thread was
resolved after publication and verification.

**CI follow-up:** `93ec3928bd5a9cb2ea86110085e79131db17d443` addresses
both causes found in [CI run
38700770996](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/38700770996):

- `MODELGEN012` treated an identical payload-less transitive dependency
declaration as a competing model producer after the SDK Programs model
appeared in newer `master`. Matching closure rows no longer emit that
diagnostic. Producer ordering is unchanged; actual producers, differing
declarations, and malformed payload handling retain their existing
diagnostics. New regression cases exercise both reference orders, and
`docs/ModelDependencies.md` records the distinction.
- The queue-fairness test sampled OS scheduling and failed on macOS.
This reuses the exact one-file correction from
`84d2c34d3902bfe700a87f6c30708b435500878f` in #4765: hold the existing
heavy-owner publication hook, prove concurrent work-conserving progress,
then assert exact recovered 1:3 service, all 960 unique requests, and
complete queue/token/owner/lease cleanup. No production scheduler or
fairness bound was changed.

The PR now changes 26 paths. Its pinned extraction ancestry is
preserved: no rebase, force push, or merge of newer `master` was
performed. This remains the bottom of native stack 4807, ordered 4801 ->
4802 -> 4803 -> 4804 -> 4806.

### Current CI-repair validation

Windows, existing .NET SDK **10.0.401**, **Release**, with analyzers
enabled. CI tested merge `9a2d252793da12aeb99ed379dfc9b03e89c912b7`
(master `d40843c23a5fe8116ffe380cf937d88759f5218b` plus PR head
`814c0f2dc6056ea5eb898611565b3e96cfa65104`), which includes newer tests
absent from the pinned extraction branch. That exact merge was
reproduced in a disposable detached worktree, then the proposed patch
was applied. Git patch-id verified that the tested patch and committed
branch patch were identical
(`b7ed3ba2b61d1862825dd33d93c50c64d3a759ea`).

Before the fix, all four failing client-accessor cases reproduced
`MODELGEN012`, and both new matching-reexport cases failed. After the
fix:

| Context / scope | Framework | Passed | Failed | Skipped |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Exact CI merge + patch: client-accessor and dependency fixtures |
net10.0 | 32 | 0 | 0 |
| Same fixtures with CI coverage instrumentation | net10.0 | 32 | 0 | 0
|
| Exact CI merge + patch: entire SourceGeneration.Tests project |
net10.0 | 295 | 0 | 0 |
| Exact CI merge + patch: entire SourceGeneration.Tests project | net48
| 295 | 0 | 0 |
| Preserved PR branch: dependency and placeholder fixtures | net10.0 |
30 | 0 | 0 |
| Preserved PR branch: dependency and placeholder fixtures | net48 | 30
| 0 | 0 |
| Preserved PR branch: entire FairRequestQueueTests fixture, with
coverage | net10.0 | 93 | 0 | 0 |
| Preserved PR branch: entire FairRequestQueueTests fixture | net48 | 93
| 0 | 0 |
| Exact CI merge + patch: entire FairRequestQueueTests fixture, with
coverage | net10.0 | 93 | 0 | 0 |

All nine commands exited **0**. The repository TRX verdict helpers
verified **993 passing test executions, 0 failures, and 0 fixture
setup/teardown failures** across these overlapping runs. No
build/analyzer warnings were reported. Normal restore resolved missing
assets/target entries in the new checkout and when switching TFMs; no
dependency declaration or SDK pin was changed.

Exact successful test argument sets follow. Variables abbreviate the
executable, project paths, and results directory only; output was also
captured to separate local logs.

```powershell
$env:DOTNET_ROOT = 'D:\git\UA-.NETStandard_master\TestResults\ualens-528-deep-repro\sdk'
$env:PATH = "$env:DOTNET_ROOT;$env:PATH"
$dotnet = "$env:DOTNET_ROOT\dotnet.exe"
$generator = 'tests\Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Tests\Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Tests.csproj'
$coreTests = 'tests\Opc.Ua.Core.Tests\Opc.Ua.Core.Tests.csproj'
$results = 'C:\Users\mschier\.copilot\session-state\8f497e89-7fc2-4f48-880b-4803d97c1c12\files\ci-validation'

# In the disposable exact-CI-merge checkout, with the identical proposed patch applied:
Set-Location 'D:\Temp\ua-ci4801-8f497e89'

# Passed: 32, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0
& $dotnet test $generator --no-restore --configuration Release --framework net10.0 -p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0 -p:RunAnalyzers=true -p:RunAnalyzersDuringBuild=true --filter 'FullyQualifiedName~ClientAccessorGeneratorTests|FullyQualifiedName~ModelDependencyScannerTests' --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-metadata-green-net10.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity minimal

# Passed: 295, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0; reuses the analyzer-enabled build above
& $dotnet test $generator --no-build --no-restore --configuration Release --framework net10.0 -p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0 --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-sourcegeneration-merge-net10.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity quiet

# Passed: 295, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0
& $dotnet test $generator --configuration Release --framework net48 -p:CustomTestTarget=net48 -p:RunAnalyzers=true -p:RunAnalyzersDuringBuild=true --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-sourcegeneration-merge-net48.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity minimal

# Passed: 93, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0
& $dotnet test $coreTests --configuration Release --framework net10.0 -p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0 -p:RunAnalyzers=true -p:RunAnalyzersDuringBuild=true -p:CollectCoverage=true --collect 'XPlat Code Coverage' --settings 'tests\coverlet.runsettings.xml' --filter 'FullyQualifiedName~FairRequestQueueTests' --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-fairqueue-merge-net10.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity minimal

# Passed: 32, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0
& $dotnet test $generator --configuration Release --framework net10.0 -p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0 -p:RunAnalyzers=true -p:RunAnalyzersDuringBuild=true -p:CollectCoverage=true --collect 'XPlat Code Coverage' --settings 'tests\coverlet.runsettings.xml' --filter 'FullyQualifiedName~ClientAccessorGeneratorTests|FullyQualifiedName~ModelDependencyScannerTests' --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-metadata-coverage-net10.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity minimal

# In the preserved PR branch worktree:
Set-Location 'D:\git\copilot-worktrees\UA-wot-d3-final\marcschier-congenial-umbrella'

# Passed: 30, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0
& $dotnet test $generator --configuration Release --framework net10.0 -p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0 -p:RunAnalyzers=true -p:RunAnalyzersDuringBuild=true --filter 'FullyQualifiedName~ModelDependencyScannerTests|FullyQualifiedName~PlaceholderReferenceGeneratorTests' --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-sourcegeneration-branch-net10.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity minimal

# Passed: 93, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0
& $dotnet test $coreTests --no-restore --configuration Release --framework net10.0 -p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0 -p:RunAnalyzers=true -p:RunAnalyzersDuringBuild=true -p:CollectCoverage=true --collect 'XPlat Code Coverage' --settings 'tests\coverlet.runsettings.xml' --filter 'FullyQualifiedName~FairRequestQueueTests' --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-fairqueue-branch-net10.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity minimal

# Passed: 93, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0
& $dotnet test $coreTests --configuration Release --framework net48 -p:CustomTestTarget=net48 -p:RunAnalyzers=true -p:RunAnalyzersDuringBuild=true --filter 'FullyQualifiedName~FairRequestQueueTests' --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-fairqueue-branch-net48.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity minimal

# Passed: 30, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0
& $dotnet test $generator --configuration Release --framework net48 -p:CustomTestTarget=net48 -p:RunAnalyzers=true -p:RunAnalyzersDuringBuild=true --filter 'FullyQualifiedName~ModelDependencyScannerTests|FullyQualifiedName~PlaceholderReferenceGeneratorTests' --logger 'trx;LogFileName=ci-sourcegeneration-branch-net48.trx' --results-directory $results --verbosity minimal
```

`git diff --cached --check` passed. The queue-test blob was verified
byte-for-byte against the existing published correction. The upstream
branch was verified as `93ec3928bd5a9cb2ea86110085e79131db17d443` after
push.

**Remote CI is pending, not claimed green:** [new CI run
38712127138](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/actions/runs/38712127138).
Cross-platform confirmation, CodeQL, coverage gates, and the complete
`UA.slnx` suites on this new head are not established by these local
checks. The source PR's checks are not claimed as evidence for this
branch.

### Earlier validation

The original extraction had 1,407 passing scoped test executions across
net10.0/net48. The placeholder-review follow-up had six passing focused
cases and 269 passing tests in the full source-generator project on each
framework, with analyzer-enabled builds. Those are historical results
for their respective commits, not fresh full-suite evidence for the
CI-repair head. Earlier command details remain in this PR's edit
history.

## Related Issues

- Related to #4461 (existing tracking issue; not auto-closing).
- Extracted from #4462 (source PR; remains open and is not
auto-closing).
- Reuses the bounded queue-test correction from #4765; does not
incorporate that PR's other changes.

_If this is a relatively large or complex change, a design must have
been discussed in the related tracking issue and signed off (which
becomes the Architectural Decision Record (ADR))._

This began as an exact extraction of existing behavior. The subsequent
commits address the reported placeholder-generation defect and observed
CI failures; they are not a new design or a claim of design sign-off.

## Checklist

_Put an `x` in the boxes that apply. You can complete these step by step
after opening the PR._

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.
2026-10-15 12:21:46 +02:00
romanettandClaude Opus 5.5 9b034f8291 Enable nullable reference types centrally; migrate all unset and annotations-only projects (#4700)
# Description

Nullable reference types are now enabled once, in `common.props`, and
every project in the repository builds warning-clean with them.

**Configuration**
- `<Nullable>enable</Nullable>` lives in `common.props`. All per-project
`<Nullable>` settings are removed: 178 project files (enable,
annotations, and the `disable` in the three Aot test projects).
- 419 per-file `#nullable enable`/`restore` directives and the 4
`#nullable disable` directives are removed.
- Kept on purpose:
- The 5 `<auto-generated>` schema files (`UANodeSet.cs`, `UA Type
Dictionary.cs`, `OPCBinarySchema.cs`, `SecuredApplication.cs`,
`PInvokeHelper.cs`) keep `#nullable enable`. The compiler ignores the
project setting in generated code, so the directive is required there.
- `tests/Opc.Ua.Interop.LegacyPeer` keeps `disable`. It builds against
the 1.5.378 packages and does not import the repository props.
- `docs/DeveloperGuide.md` and `.github/copilot-instructions.md` now
describe the central setting.

**Migration** (the 43 unset and 13 annotations-only projects, roughly
10k diagnostics)
- **Production code: annotated at the declarations.** Covers
`tools/Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Core`, `src/Opc.Ua.Lds.Server` and the
LDS sample.
- Members, parameters and returns are nullable where null actually
flows.
- Null-check helpers carry `[NotNullWhen]` (`IsNull`, `IsValidXmlName`,
`IsMethodTypeDesign`).
- `CoreUtils.Format`, `Utils.Format`, `ITemplateWriter.WriteLine` take
`params object?[]`. `Template.AddReplacement` takes `string?` (rendering
already skips null replacements).
- `IRegisteredServerStore.RegisterAsync` returns
`Task<RegistrationEntry?>`: it returns null when a registration is
removed.
- Dereferences backed by an invariant (for example, the validated model)
use `!`, so runtime behaviour is unchanged.
- **Behavioural changes in production code** (small, deliberate):
- `NodeSetToModelDesign` throws `InvalidOperationException` when the
file is not a NodeSet. Before, it threw a NullReferenceException on the
next line.
- `ModelDesignValidator` starts its lookup tables empty instead of null.
A redundant `if (m_nodes == null) return;` guard is gone.
- **Test code: minimal annotations.**
  - `?` on values that can be null, `!` where the test asserts non-null.
  - `= null!` for fixture members assigned in SetUp.
- `TryGetStructure<T>(out T? x)` where the inferred `T?` broke the
`IEncodeable` constraint.
- A few redundant `== null` checks on structs (`NodeId`, `ArrayOf<T>`)
folded into the adjacent `IsNull`/`Count` checks.

**Notes for reviewers**
- The diff is large (~1,500 files) but almost entirely mechanical: `?`,
`!` and directive removal. The non-annotation changes are listed above.
- Known follow-up, not done here:
`IModelDesign.Namespaces/TargetNamespace/NamespaceUris` stay
non-nullable even though the validator returns null before it loads a
dictionary. Making them nullable would ripple through every generator
call site.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4439

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

The "no new warnings" box covers net10.0 and net48: full non-incremental
builds of `UA.slnx`, `tools/SourceGeneration.slnx`,
`tools/MigrationAnalyzer.slnx` and the Aot test projects finished with 0
warnings and 0 errors under the repository's warnings-as-errors
settings. net9.0 and net8.0 also had no nullable diagnostics, but they
were not rebuilt after the final fixes. Tests have not been run locally
yet.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-08 08:48:13 +02:00
romanettandClaude Opus 5.5 61edaa1ed0 Remove netstandard2.1 and net472 target frameworks (#4624)
# Description

Drops support for **netstandard2.1** and **.NET Framework 4.7.2**.
Libraries now target `net48`, `net8.0`, `net9.0` and `net10.0`.
`Opc.Ua.Types` and `Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Core` still also target
`netstandard2.0`, but only because the Roslyn source generators load
them. There is no general netstandard2.0 support.

**Preprocessor directives** (112 files)
- Every `#if`/`#elif` mentioning `NETSTANDARD2_1*`, `NET472*`,
`NET_STANDARD_TESTS`, `SKIP_ECC_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST_SIGNING` or
`NETSTANDARD*` was evaluated against the remaining TFM set (net48,
net8/9/10, plus netstandard2.0 inside `Opc.Ua.Types`/`tools`) and
simplified. Dead branches were removed.
- Example: `NETSTANDARD2_1 || NET8_0_OR_GREATER` → `NET8_0_OR_GREATER`.
- Example: `NET8_0_OR_GREATER || NET472_OR_GREATER` → removed (always
true).
- Netstandard-only code was removed: `UnixFileModeShim`, the CRDT
reflection path in `ReplicatedGossipOptions.CreateReaderOptions`, and
the netstandard2.1-only test variants.

**Custom test logic**
- `targets.props` drops the `net472`, `netstandard2.0` and
`netstandard2.1` `CustomTestTarget` profiles, `NetStandardTests` and
`SKIP_ECC_CERTIFICATE_REQUEST_SIGNING`. Supported values are now
`net48`, `net8.0`, `net9.0`, `net10.0`.
- The `NET_STANDARD_TESTS` define is removed from 29 test projects.
- The "build netstandard shells as net10.0" overrides are removed from
18 projects.
- `RestrictForLegacyTfm` now only applies to `net48`.
- `tests/customtest.bat` is updated to the new values.

**Build / packaging / CI**
- MSBuild TFM conditions are simplified: Kestrel package choice, MQTTnet
v4 (net48 only), BouncyCastle, Di/OpenUsd/Vision/Stress test excludes,
and `System.IO.FileSystem.AccessControl` (dropped from Core).
- The MigrationAnalyzer nuspec drops its net472/netstandard2.1 lib
groups. The Azure signing lists are updated.
- `get-ci-matrix.ps1` removes the net472/netstandard test profiles
(including the PR-gating `linux-netstandard2.1`) and the matching build
legs.

**Breaking API change (2.0 preview):** removed
`HttpsTransportListener.IsWssTransportSupported` and
`ReplicatedGossipOptions.IsGossipStateDecodingSupported`. They only
returned `false` on netstandard2.1 and are now always `true`. The test
guards that used them were removed as well.

**Docs**
- NuGet READMEs, `README.md`, `DeveloperGuide.md`, `PubSub.md`, the
certificate/ECC/identity docs and the 2.0 migration guide (plus its
`.agents` skill mirror) are updated.
- The migration guide notes that 4.7.2 consumers must move to 4.8 and
netstandard2.1 consumers to net8.0+.

### Reviewer notes
- The `System.IO.FileSystem.AccessControl` `PackageVersion` pin is left
in `Directory.Packages.props`. It has no direct reference any more, but
transitive pinning is on, so it was kept to avoid shifting resolved
versions.
- The `#if` rewrite was done mechanically by a truth-table evaluator.
The diff in the `.cs` files is limited to directive lines, removed dead
branches, and stale-comment updates.

### Verified locally
- `dotnet build UA.slnx -p:CustomTestTarget=net48`: 0 errors.
- `dotnet build UA.slnx -p:CustomTestTarget=net10.0`: 0 errors.
- Default multi-target builds (no `CustomTestTarget`) of Opc.Ua.Types,
Bindings.Https, PubSub.Mqtt and Redundancy.Server succeeded.
- net10.0 tests:
  - Opc.Ua.Redundancy.Server.Tests: 840/840 passed.
  - Opc.Ua.Types.Tests: 11363 passed, 1 skipped.
  - ModelDependencyScanner tests: 20/20 passed.
- The full test suite was **not** run locally.

## Related Issues

- None

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [ ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [ ] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.com/claude-code)

---------

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
2026-10-02 17:09:49 +02:00
d7dd1b0369 Fix telemetry component assembly identification (#4490)
# Description

Telemetry extensions resolved meters and activity sources as
`Opc.Ua.Types`, with results dependent on helper inlining. This
prevented reliable attribution to the emitting component.

- **Existing telemetry contract**: Add `CreateMeter(Assembly)` and
`GetActivitySource(Assembly)` directly to `ITelemetryContext`. The
separate `IAssemblyTelemetryContext` interface has been removed.
- **Reliable component attribution**: Capture the caller assembly in
non-inlined `CreateMeter`, `GetActivitySource`, and `StartActivity`
extensions, then forward it to the existing telemetry context.
- **Call-site routing and fallback**: Keep non-null meter calls on
`telemetry.CreateMeter()`. Use explicit
`TelemetryExtensions.CreateMeter(telemetry)` for nullable-context
fallback. Preserve default meter/activity-source fallback when a context
returns null.
- **Coverage and documentation**: Cover caller-assembly naming,
direct-context and extension routing, activity creation, and null-result
fallback. Update diagnostics examples, OpenTelemetry filters, and
migration guidance.

**Compatibility:** Direct implementations of `ITelemetryContext` must
implement the two new assembly-aware members. `TelemetryContextBase`
supplies both. This interface addition is documented in the 2.0
migration guide; legacy implementer compatibility is not claimed.

## Local validation

The Release build and focused `TelemetryExtensionsTests` fixture pass on
both target frameworks:

| Target | Result |
| --- | --- |
| net10.0 | Passed: 6, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0 |
| net48 | Passed: 6, Failed: 0, Skipped: 0 |

Both builds emit existing CA5394 warnings in
`NodeStateChildNameIndexTests.cs`, which is unchanged by this PR. The
full solution test suite was not run during this feedback pass.

## Related Issues

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

<!-- START COPILOT CODING AGENT SUFFIX -->

- Fixes #4483

---------

Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: marcschier <11168470+marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: Marc Schier <marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
2026-09-16 11:07:17 +02:00
Marc Schier fa8d45f2cf Fix server/core validation, lifecycle and protocol regressions (#4477)
# Description

**Server/core audit fixes with regression tests. Latest review-fix
validation, merge validation and earlier acceptance results are
distinguished below.**

This addresses a 95-finding server/core report. Every finding was
reviewed with
the OPC UA specification knowledge base or, where the standard does not
prescribe a C# implementation, the corresponding ownership/configuration
contract. Incorrect or withdrawn subclaims remain qualified rather than
being
presented as additional fixes.

The original checkpoint covers session identity/certificate validation
and
revocation; certificate/key ownership and transactional updates; TCP
reconnect,
receive/admission and buffer lifetime; HTTP quotas; subscription
admission,
durability and pooled payloads; file-operation lifecycle; historian
aggregates;
fluent/state-machine behavior; and related utilities. It includes
targeted
regressions and directly related documentation.

The approved acceptance cleanup is separate in the commit history:

| Cleanup | Verified result |
| --- | --- |
| Invalid identity-policy and KeyCredential fixture inputs | Fixtures
explicitly advertise Username and use its generated policy ID.
Credential persistence uses valid clear mode inside the existing
encrypted admin context. Original permission, lockout and negative
encryption assertions remain. |
| Native GDS lifetime and concurrent connection failures | Retain
ApplicationInstance until client teardown. A deterministic native
reproducer proved the test-only channel cap of 10 was exhausted;
removing that override restores the existing bounded default of 1000. No
global serialization or production quota change. |
| Stress certificate ownership and close accounting | Balance two helper
references and the fake transport's server-certificate ownership.
Replace the invalid event-count bound with exactly-once physical
disposal, opens = closes, zero active entries and one logical entry
lifetime. |
| Participant deadlines | Use the injected TimeProvider with the
existing cross-framework WaitAsync overload. Tests pin one tick before,
exact expiry, terminal notification, recovery and timely completion. |
| Reproducibility and platform assertions | Preserve canonical WoT
bytes/hashes, explicit display-culture contracts and exact
numeric-vector assertions. Accept Apple's CryptographicException subtype
without weakening disposal balance. |
| Missing user-signature proof | Reject null/empty proofs before OS
crypto. Return BadUserSignatureInvalid per Part 4, 5.7.3.3. None-policy
and valid-signature controls remain. A CI-only test nullable-context
error was corrected without changing production behavior. |
| Durable sample restore and shared test storage | Dequeue waits for
actual batch residency instead of treating failed restore completion as
success, and restored files close before deletion. Five deterministic
regressions failed before the fix. The two fixtures that clear the
shared batch directory are isolated; all original 3,000-item assertions
remain unchanged. |

## Latest review follow-up

Commit `828856850219518970e8e2f580b8f94b3c1fc748` fixes the deferred
robotics
disposal reported in the latest review.
`RobotIntentNodeManager.DisposeAsync`
now joins a shared controller-host drain and then explicitly awaits base
node-manager disposal. A controller's bounded shutdown wait may defer
its
cleanup, but no longer lets the node-manager override finish early.
Concurrent
callers, including an asynchronous call after synchronous `Dispose`,
cannot
bypass the drain after the host list has been detached.

Synchronous disposal remains nonblocking for deferred work. Deferred
initialization failures are logged and retained, and base cleanup
failures
propagate to asynchronous callers. The existing controller-level bounded
disposal contract is unchanged; the node-manager contract is documented
in
`docs/Robotics.md`.

| Regression requirement | Evidence |
| --- | --- |
| Wait for deferred hosts; preserve synchronous compatibility and
concurrent joins | `NodeManagerAsyncDisposalWaitsForDeferredHostsAsync`:
four cases covering both entry-point orders and zero/positive host
shutdown waits. All four failed before the fix. |
| Wait through base cleanup and observe failures |
`NodeManagerDisposalWaitsForBaseCleanupAndReportsItsFailureAsync`: four
cases hold the actual base-resource semaphore, verify pending callers
after the host finishes, then check success or the same propagated
exception and exactly-once cleanup. |

The focused `IntentHostingCoverageTests` and
`IntentControllerHostTests.Dispose`
selection passed **30/30 on net10.0 and 30/30 on net48**, with no
failures or
skips. The final net10 solution build passed with zero errors and only
the four
previously documented CA2249 warnings in unchanged fuzz-test code. No
new
warnings, analyzer suppressions, dependencies, or weakened assertions
were added.
The review thread received a commit-specific reply and was explicitly
resolved.

This verification is scoped to the robotics feedback; the earlier full
Subscriptions-run limitation remains recorded in the merge section
below.


## Documentation review follow-up (2026-09-14)

Commit `f9a9686fcc5d3cfd19cbbc8c2d826e20f5c7e72f` addresses the six
follow-up
threads on documentation and implementation rationale. Each has an
in-thread
reply citing the commit and an explicit resolution.

Multiline XML documentation now covers the declarations introduced or
modified
throughout the entire PR, including internal contracts, samples, tests,
and
public members of related private helpers. A syntax-aware inventory
checked
**2,031 declarations across all 256 PR C# paths with zero documentation
gaps**.
A supplementary check also covers **75 previously unchanged public
members**
of private helpers involved in the changed code. Token comparison across
the
conditional-compilation branches proves this follow-up changes **no
executable
C# or test assertions**. Project-file changes are rationale comments
only.

The implementation questions are documented at their source:

| Question | Resolution |
| --- | --- |
| Certificate assembly friendship | Server Push configuration reuses the
internal explicit-subject CSR helper with the existing key; no public
crypto API was added. |
| Core.Types assembly friendship | Server builders use internal
transition callbacks/revision guards; Server.Tests checks the revision
deterministically without creating a public compatibility contract. |
| Always-single-reader notifications | One dequeuer preserves event
order; optional concurrency fans out within one event and joins before
the next event. |
| Asynchronous disposal completion | `DisposeAsync` already joins the
completion published after admitted operations and all cleanup attempts.
The compatibility `Dispose` remains nonblocking to avoid deadlocking an
admitted callback against its own drain. |

The requested detailed review disposition follows. It distinguishes
actual
fixes from confirmed policies and incorrect subclaims rather than
counting every
comment as a new runtime change.


### Detailed disposition of review 5191795284

The [SDK
review](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/pull/4477#pullrequestreview-5191795284)
was submitted against `1c4a9df6c`, before the subsequent merge and
feedback fixes.
Its **15 inline threads** have each received an action-specific reply
and an
explicit resolution. A fresh GraphQL query verified those replies and
resolution
states; the fixes in `b8a59990f` remain ancestors of the current branch.

| Review concern | Action and disposition | Concrete regression evidence
|
| --- | --- | --- |
| Injected certificate-store providers bypassed | **Fixed.**
Registration, configuration snapshots, and validation use the injected
providers. Explicit custom types remain authoritative; the built-in
Directory catch-all is deferred so native X509 paths and later custom
providers are not captured. Failed store opens dispose the created
store. | `InjectedProviderResolvesRegisteredAndConfiguredTrustStores`
covers default-provider ordering and both registration paths; provider
validation/open-failure cases and the unchanged
`TrustedCertificateInjectedViaIndependentX509StoreIsObservedAsync` cover
real use and independent-store visibility. |
| Unguarded timer-thread leadership callbacks | **Fixed.** Each
subscriber's exception is logged independently and cannot suppress
subsequent subscribers or fail lease operations. `IsLeader` reads the
deadline without invoking application callbacks. |
`ThrowingLeadershipSubscriberDoesNotFailAcquireOrDisposeAsync`,
`ExpiryNotifiesOtherSubscribersWhenOneThrowsAsync`, and
`IsLeaderDoesNotDispatchExpiryNotificationsAsync` were all demonstrated
failing before the fix. |
| Legacy pending-key provider accepts an unfinishable regenerated CSR |
**Fixed by explicit capability validation.** A provider implementing
only `IPendingCertificateKeyStore` receives `BadNotSupported` before key
generation or persistence when regeneration is requested. Existing-key
CSR/update remains supported. Regeneration requires matching-only
consumption; no unsafe destructive probing was introduced. |
`LegacyPendingProviderRejectsRegenerationBeforeCreatingOrSavingAKeyAsync`
checks no key or store mutation;
`LegacyPendingProviderCompletesExistingKeySigningAndUpdateAsync` proves
the supported flow completes. |
| Shutdown waits behind user deactivation | **Fixed.** Accepted
deactivations drain before the master's lifecycle gate is taken.
Configuration retains its binding until the shared drain completes,
including concurrent shutdown callers and direct master disposal. | Four
cases of `ShutdownDrainsDeactivationOutsideTheSessionClosingGateAsync`
exercise real configuration/binding/ServerInternalData/master reentry,
retained address space, exact session/subscription closure, and no
production cancellation shortcut. |
| Subclass cleanup runs under the operation-lifetime lock | **Fixed.**
Cleanup starts outside that lock. A pre-published completion joins all
disposers, and only the active asynchronous teardown context may use
guarded helpers. Captured contexts lose that privilege when the callback
exits. |
`SynchronousOwnedCleanupLetsSamplingWorkerReachClosedAdmissionAsync`,
`DisposeCoreCanUseGuardedMembersWithoutReopeningCallerAdmissionAsync`,
captured-context rejection, and exact cleanup-failure/ownership
assertions cover both synchronous and suspended cleanup. |
| Discovery requestId-zero chunk read after pool return | **Fixed by the
earlier merge.** Discovery validation precedes `SaveIntermediateChunk`;
no read occurs after that path can return the buffer. The ordering is
retained. | `DiscoveryChannelReadsTheFirstChunkBeforeItIsReturnedAsync`
uses a poisoning pool and the requestId-zero path. |
| T1.8 OPN cleanup misses post-decryption throws | **Fixed by the
earlier merge and pinned with new regressions.** Both sequence rejection
and certificate mismatch release the decrypted body and input ownership.
| `OpenSecureChannelRejectionAfterDecryptionReturnsEveryRentalAsync`
checks the exact audit status and pool conservation. Omitting either
corresponding release in an isolated snapshot made its case fail; no
mutation remains. |
| T1.2 mount-root protection depends on the provider | **Fixed at the
host boundary.** Separator-only aliases resolve to the protected root.
Traversal, empty/whitespace segments, backslashes, and drive/stream
qualifiers are rejected before arbitrary providers are invoked. Valid
nested paths and root destinations remain supported. | A deliberately
permissive provider is used by
`NonCanonicalObjectPathsCannotDeleteMoveOrCopyAsync` and invalid-target
cases; exact zero-call checks are paired with legitimate
nested-path/root-destination controls. |
| Inline trusted/issuer entries now face CRL checks | **Intentional
strict behavior, documented and tested.** A configured backing store
with strict unknown-status rejection requires current revocation
information. Explicit-only lists without a store retain their no-store
behavior. Actual revocation cannot be suppressed; a matching store
entry's policy takes precedence. |
`InlineIssuerWithStoreHonorsStrictUnknownRevocationPolicyAsync`,
`InlineIssuerRevocationIsNeverSuppressedAsync`, store-precedence cases,
and explicit-only controls preserve the missing-information versus
actual-revocation distinction in Part 4 6.1.3. |
| RSA minimum applied to unspecified ECC identifiers | **Fixed at the
application-certificate check.** The RSA minimum is compared only with
an actual RSA public key. An unspecified ECC identity is not replaced
simply because its key size is below an RSA threshold. |
`SilentCertificateCheckPreservesUnspecifiedEccIdentityAsync` checks DER,
thumbprint, store contents, and private-key retention; explicit RSA and
HTTPS minimum controls remain. |
| Failed directory refresh wedges corrective mutations | **Fixed.**
Recoverable automatic pre-refresh failures are logged and leave
reconciliation pending, but do not block corrective provider mutations.
Explicit refresh errors, capacity admission, caller cancellation, and
actual provider denials remain enforced. |
`CorrectiveDeleteRecoversAfterPersistentOverLimitRefreshFailureAsync`
converges an externally over-limit directory back to its exact allowed
contents. Capacity, cancellation/token, and six refresh-error controls
check negative paths. |
| Timed-transition rejection logs at 10 Hz | **Fixed.** Repeated
`(state, revision, status)` warnings are deduplicated without changing
the retry cadence. A different status or state entry permits another
warning. | `RepeatedTimedRejectionLogsOnceAndRecoversAsync` checks one
warning over eleven rejections and success on the next attempt.
Status-change and same/different-state reentry controls pin reset
behavior. |
| Bad unsubscribe strands retired-generation bookkeeping | **Fixed.**
Retired all-event bookkeeping completes even when unsubscribe reports
Bad; the first Bad is still returned to the caller. | Good and
BadCommunicationError cases of
`RetiredAllEventsDeletionCompletesBookkeepingAndReleasesGenerationAsync`
check event/snapshot removal, generation release, and exactly one
unsubscribe without finalization replay. |
| CSR subject parsing and fallback | **Fixed for existing and
regenerated keys.** Omitted subjects fall back to the actual stored
certificate. Regeneration resolves the public certificate's subject
before creating a key. Malformed or unresolvable subjects return
`BadInvalidArgument` before pending-key mutation. | Store-only fallback,
real-generator null/empty cases, and missing-subject/malformed-DN
controls verify the signed CSR, matching fresh pending key, unchanged
active identity, and no destructive side effects. |
| Committed RemoveUser change reported as failed | **Fixed for
RemoveUser and ModifyUser.** Accepted cleanup is still awaited and close
failures remain logged, but cannot replace the committed mutation
result. Precommit failures retain their original result and side
effects. |
`CommittedUserChangeKeepsResultAndPublishedUsersWhenCloseFailsAsync`
checks published Users, Good result, logging, and continued closes.
`FailedUserChangeKeepsPublishedUsersAndDoesNotCloseSessionsAsync` checks
BadNotFound with no publication or close. |
| Alleged pooled decoded-request aliasing | **No runtime redesign
needed; reviewer rebuttal confirmed.** The decoder copies the relevant
input data. Misleading ownership comments were corrected rather than
introducing a new dispatch model. |
`DecodedRequestRetainsValuesAfterInputBuffersAreReturnedAsync` checks
the exact decoded NodeId and ByteString after returned arrays are
poisoned. |

The current documentation-only follow-up rechecked **104 Core, 473
Server, and
4 Configuration cases** covering these concerns: **581 passed, zero
failed or
skipped**. The final net10 solution build also passed with **zero
warnings and
errors**. The complete earlier Core/Server/Configuration and net48
results remain
listed separately rather than being presented as rerun current-head
acceptance.

## Earlier review follow-up

Commit `b8a59990fe2e8e967a12ffd5d9158beed7831143` addresses all 19
review
threads. Each thread has an in-thread reply naming this commit and was
explicitly
resolved after verification; the final paginated query found 19 resolved
and
zero unresolved threads.

The follow-up fixes injected certificate-store selection (including
default
provider ordering and native X509 paths), actual-RSA minimum
enforcement, and
CSR capability/subject validation before key mutation. Node-manager
teardown
uses simpler scoped ownership and drains accepted user revocation
outside the
master gate; committed user results and retired-event cleanup remain
correct
when cleanup reports failure. File mutations can recover after failed
refresh
without bypassing capacity or cancellation, provider paths protect mount
roots,
and repeated timed rejections no longer flood logs. Leadership
subscriber
failures are isolated without callbacks from `IsLeader`.

Regressions also pin the already-merged OPN/discovery buffer fixes and
prove
decoded request values do not borrow returned input buffers. The strict
inline
issuer revocation policy is documented and tested, not weakened.
Existing tests
were changed only for the reviewed behavior: the incorrect
committed-user result
was corrected, and inline-issuer/root-alias controls were expanded.

### Review-fix validation

| Suite | Scope | Framework | Passed | Existing TRX NotExecuted |
| --- | --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Core | Complete project | net10.0 | 4,970 | 88 |
| Server | Complete project | net10.0 | 6,414 | 69 |
| Configuration | Complete project | net10.0 | 231 | 0 |
| Core | Certificate, lease and buffer compatibility slice | net48 | 153
| 0 |
| Server | Reviewed lifecycle, user, file, timer and CSR compatibility
slice | net48 | 692 | 0 |
| Configuration | Complete project | net48 | 231 | 0 |
| CSR provider regressions | Final portable-mock follow-up | net10.0 |
11 | 0 |

All runs exited successfully with normal concurrency and leak detection.
The Server console reports 5 skips; its TRX additionally records
existing
assumption/explicit cases, hence the 69-record count above. The
Framework build
caught two modern-only `ValueTask.CompletedTask` usages in new mock
setup; only
those expressions changed to the equivalent portable
`default(ValueTask)`.
The complete modern suites precede that test-only correction; all
production
files remained byte-identical, and the corrected fixture passed on both
targets.

The final net10 solution build succeeded with 0 errors and the same 4
CA2249
warnings in unchanged fuzz-test code. Diff checks and changed-line
whitespace
checks are clean; whole-file formatting still identifies 10 unchanged
baseline
lines, which were not reformatted outside the feedback scope. The
committed
35-file tree was hash-verified against the validation inputs.

This is the review-feedback verification scope, not a rerun or sign-off
of the
historical complete platform/native/soak acceptance campaign below.


## Latest upstream merge

Merge `9d9bf679f317164c5b2b90924cd3cdc27a86d451` integrates `master`
through `162fc5ebb` (#4486),
including the AddNodes child-name index, shared certificate-error
reporting,
CTT sample-data corrections, and the accompanying regressions and
documentation.

The CreateSession conflict preserves this branch's certificate
ownership,
required certificate, application-URI, and channel-certificate checks.
The
validation result now retains nested errors through `ThrowIfInvalid`,
allowing
the upstream shared reporting helper to mask trust, policy, and
revocation
failures consistently without losing audit detail.

The new indexed AddNodes regression initially attempted to reuse a
deterministic
NodeId after renaming its existing node. Renaming frees the BrowseName,
not that
NodeId. `IndexedBrowseNameReusePreservesExistingNodeIdentityAsync` now
proves
both contracts: the derived-ID collision leaves the original node
intact, then
a fresh explicitly requested ID can reuse the old name while the new
name
remains protected against duplicates. No production identity rule was
relaxed.
The incoming seeded random-index test uses the existing `UnsecureRandom`
wrapper
with the same seed and sequence; no new analyzer suppression was added.

| Local merge validation | Framework | Passed | Existing exclusions |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Core, complete project | net10.0 | 5,081 | 88 |
| NodeState / BaseInstanceState | net10.0 | 579 | 0 |
| Server node management, certificate and session-security selection |
net10.0 | 112 | 0 |
| InformationModel node-management services | net10.0 | 29 | 1 |
| NodeState / BaseInstanceState | net48 | 578 | 0 |
| Core certificate validation, error reporting and TCP buffers | net48 |
111 | 0 |
| Server node management, certificate and session-security selection |
net48 | 112 | 0 |

All selected runs exited successfully at normal concurrency: **6,602
passing
test executions**. Modified test assemblies were explicitly rebuilt, and
the
combined name/identity regression was verified by name in both net10 and
net48
results. No skips or weakened assertions were introduced.

The final `dotnet build UA.slnx -c Release --no-restore -m:1` with
`CustomTestTarget=net10.0` succeeded with **zero warnings and zero
errors**.
The resolved source and adjusted tests pass whitespace verification, and
their
source hashes match the validation inputs.

This is merge-specific verification. Earlier review results and the
previously
reported incomplete full Subscriptions runs below remain scoped to their
own
commits; they were not reopened or relabeled as passing by this
operation.

## Previous upstream merge (2026-09-15 morning)

Merge `c4694e20ab089c555af233642042133ff3a03ac8` integrates `master`
through `484d6c887`, retaining
#4481's shared Like parser/GDS query fixes, #4488's RequestHandle
recovery in
ServiceFaults, and #4487's expired-session and durable-transfer
corrections.

Three conflict resolutions preserve both sides:

- Alias searches now use the shared `LikePattern` implementation,
including
upstream malformed-list validation. A timeout overload retains this
branch's
100 ms per-alias deadline and `BadTimeout` reporting without keeping a
second
wildcard translator. The shared matcher's original unlimited overload
remains
unchanged for existing GDS/ContentFilter callers. New regressions cover
bounded prefix/list scans, reuse after timeout, and the alias service
result.
- Expired activation closes outside the session-manager gate using
upstream's
once-only timeout claim, audit, and diagnostic accounting. This branch's
  original-channel and security-policy checks remain in place.
- TCP buffer tests retain this branch's ownership, poisoning-pool and
post-decryption checks alongside the upstream RequestHandle/fault
overload
  tests; neither set was discarded.

The upstream HTTPS binary behavior is intentionally retained: a decoder
`ServiceResultException` produces HTTP 200 with an OPC UA ServiceFault
carrying
the decoder status, response timestamp, and recoverable RequestHandle,
rather
than the previous HTTP 500 text response. Other exceptions retain their
existing HTTP error handling.

| Local validation | Framework | Passed | TRX NotExecuted |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Core, complete project | net10.0 | 5,054 | 88 |
| Sessions, complete project | net10.0 | 780 | 610 |
| Server aliases, expiry/security and subscriptions | net10.0 | 288 | 0
|
| GDS database, paging and live directory calls | net10.0 | 263 | 0 |
| Shared Like patterns and bounded evaluation | net10.0 | 109 | 0 |
| Subscriptions transfer/durability/service selection | net10.0 | 23 | 1
|
| HTTPS WebApi, complete project | net10.0 | 346 | 0 |
| InformationModel aliases | net10.0 | 54 | 5 |
| Shared Like patterns and bounded evaluation | net48 | 109 | 0 |
| Core fault handles, TCP/HTTPS and filters | net48 | 268 | 0 |
| Server aliases, expiry/security and subscriptions | net48 | 288 | 0 |

These selected runs exited successfully with normal test concurrency:
**7,582 passing test executions**. Sessions' console reports 379 skips;
the
TRX also contains conditional/assumption exclusions, so the table uses
the
actual 610 NotExecuted records. No skips or weakened assertions were
added.
The new `EvaluationTimeoutBoundsWorkAndPreservesPatternReuse` and
`SharedPatternTimeoutRemainsAnAliasServiceError` tests passed on both
targets.

**Validation limitation:** two unfiltered Subscriptions runs did not
produce
a final result and were stopped, including a retry with a hang guard.
They
are not counted as passing. The isolated failover fixture passed 2/2,
and the
transfer/durability/service selection above passed. The stall's cause
was not
established; no unrelated code or test was changed to conceal it.

The final `dotnet build UA.slnx -c Release --no-restore -m:1` with
`CustomTestTarget=net10.0` succeeded with **0 warnings and 0 errors**.
Whitespace verification passed for all hand-reconciled files, and staged
source hashes match the validation inputs.

These are merge-specific checks, not a new full platform/native/soak
acceptance
sign-off. Earlier review and acceptance evidence below remains dated to
its
own commit.

## Previous upstream merge (2026-09-14)

Merge `c3e09553e4d1509502d4ba751960d58491bea2cf` integrates `master`
through `6313e38a0` (#4478),
including the CTT-driven Part 13 aggregate corrections and FindAlias
argument
validation. The upstream tests and CTT documentation are retained.

The single conflict in `AliasNameWildcardMatcher` is reconciled through
the
branch's shared regex compiler: upstream malformed-pattern rejection and
`IsValidPattern` coexist with OPC UA character escaping,
whole-string/newline
matching, the 100 ms timeout, and service-level error reporting. The
upstream
ReferenceTypeFilter checks and chronological aggregate behavior are
preserved.

Local merge verification:

| Suite / selection | Framework | Passed | Existing skips |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Server aliases, aggregates and historian | net10.0 | 1,011 | 0 |
| Server aliases, aggregates and historian | net48 | 1,011 | 0 |
| InformationModel aliases | net10.0 | 54 | 5 |
| Features aliases | net10.0 | 11 | 0 |
| Client aliases | net10.0 | 28 | 0 |
| History aggregate/historical-access consumers | net10.0 | 265 | 0 |

All selected tests passed at normal concurrency. The final net10
solution
build passed with 0 errors and 0 warnings.
The resolved file's whitespace check and the staged diff check passed.
These
are merge-specific checks, not a new full platform/native/soak
acceptance claim.

## Previous upstream merges

Integrates `master` through `8e874d073`, including the Client, Types,
Core and
source-generator audit fixes in #4471, #4473, #4474 and #4475, plus the
event queue-size revision from #4480. The merge commits are `150ea0439`
(26 conflict resolutions) and `a0e17c07c` (the base update that arrived
during
validation).

The overlapping fixes are reconciled rather than replacing either
branch:

- **Rejected-certificate retention follows this branch, as explicitly
requested:**
zero means unlimited history; negative values disable new storage while
preserving existing backend trimming behavior (Directory clears prior
history;
shared key/value leaves it intact). The processor and manager policy are
not
  redefined, and documentation/tests describe the distinction.
- Preserve owned certificate snapshots and borrowed validation-core
lifetimes
  alongside upstream cache invalidation, store-first CRL checks and
  `BadCertificateRevocationUnknown` for unsupported revocation lookup.
- Combine exactly-once chunk ownership, receive-loop cancellation,
stale-epoch
rejection and detach-before-adoption with upstream
signature-before-padding
  verification and secret cleanup.
- Preserve pooled `HttpClient` per-request configuration together with
bounded
response reads and deadlines that remain active through body
consumption.
Regression cases exercise already-used clients and both timeout
precedence cases.
- Retain the binary-compatible channel-key constructor and normalize
omitted
profiles; preserve exact profile filtering and upstream binary-first
HTTPS/WSS
  endpoint ordering.
- Preserve monotonic lease expiry and stale-confirmation fencing while
adding
ordered, non-reentrant leadership notifications outside the state lock.

## Validation

Local validation of the conflict-resolution merge:

| Suite | Framework | Passed | Existing skips |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: |
| Core | net10.0 | 4,940 | 88 |
| Client | net10.0 | 2,278 | 0 |
| Server | net10.0 | 6,088 | 5 |
| Types | net10.0 | 10,394 | 1 |
| SourceGeneration.Core | net10.0 | 3,940 | 8 |
| SourceGeneration | net10.0 | 185 | 0 |
| Core | net48 | 4,855 | 104 |

After the subsequent four-file #4480 update, the related Server slice
passed
811 tests with 5 existing skips, the real durable queue-size cases
passed 6/6,
and EventManager's 21 cases passed again after analyzer-only
expected-array
cleanup. The final `dotnet build UA.slnx -c Release` with
`CustomTestTarget=net10.0`
succeeded: 0 errors and 4 pre-existing CA2249 warnings in unchanged
fuzz-test
code. Whitespace verification passed for the resolved files and the
follow-up.

Merge-specific proof includes
`RequestTimeoutRemainsActiveWhileReadingTheOpenApiBodyAsync` on
already-used
shared clients with either the request or HttpClient timeout shorter,
the
existing ownership/expiry regressions from both branches, and both
branches'
retention tests adjusted only to the explicitly chosen zero/negative
contract.

Earlier acceptance at `1c4a9df6c` passed hosted Linux/macOS CI, CodeQL,
image
builds and the canonical coverage gate (87.15% line, 77.27% branch,
92.14% patch).
Both Framework project matrices, all three Windows native suites (183
cases),
and the unfiltered net10 stress project (230 cases, including full
60-minute
chaos and 30-minute memory soaks) also passed. Those are **pre-merge
results**,
not a claim that the full framework/platform/native/soak matrix has been
rerun
on this merge. The previous acceptance workflow remains separate from
this
review-feedback operation.

Security checks, meaningful assertions, leak detection, default native
concurrency, full soak durations and coverage thresholds remain intact.
The user-set ready-for-review state is unchanged. No architectural or
complete
merged-head acceptance sign-off is claimed.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4476

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.
2026-09-16 04:42:09 +00:00
aad8350bc1 Pluggable symmetric cryptography, an awaitable asymmetric path, registrable security policies, and PubSub crypto offboarding (#4206, #4207, #4208, #4210) (#4232)
# Description

Closes the three crypto-offboarding follow-ups split out of #4192. Each
was recorded there as knowingly *not* done, with the reason and what
would justify revisiting it. Those conditions are met, and where one of
them turned out to be unachievable that is written down rather than
worked around.

The safety property throughout: **every seam is opt-in and null-checked,
and in the default software configuration the added code is observably
inert.** No interface dispatch on the per-message path, and the
asynchronous paths complete synchronously — so channel locking order,
buffer ownership and error sequencing are unchanged for a deployment
that configures nothing.

## #4207 — symmetric, key-derivation and RNG provider seams

`ISymmetricCryptoProvider`, `IKeyDerivationProvider` and
`ISecureRandomSource`, added on the terms #4207 set: only once a
concrete requirement arrived (a validated module that must perform
*every* operation, not just the asymmetric ones), behind a fast path,
with `SymmetricChannelCryptoBenchmarks` as the gate.

They are **facets discovered by type test**, not members of
`ICryptoProvider`, so providers written against the shipped interface
still compile. `PlatformCryptoProvider` implements all three, which
answers the "an interface nothing implements" objection recorded in the
issue.

`CryptoProviderFacets` returns `null` both when no registry is
configured *and* when resolution lands on the platform, because the
platform facets are the inline code. Resolution happens once, in
`CalculateSymmetricKeySizes`, and is held for the life of the channel.

`CryptoCompliance.GetUnservedOperationPurposes` closes the failure the
seam would otherwise introduce: a provider bound to `ChannelSymmetric`
without implementing the facet is silently replaced by the platform, so
a deployment could believe its validated module performed the
per-message cryptography while the platform did. Under `FipsOnly` that
now refuses to start.

## #4208 — the asymmetric path is awaitable

`RSA` and `ECDsa` are .NET's contracts and cannot be replaced without
making every ready-made hardware and cloud implementation unusable.
Instead an implementation may **also** declare `IAsyncRsaKey` /
`IAsyncEcdsaKey`, which the stack finds by type test.

Now asynchronous: the secure channel open and renew path, user identity
token signing and decryption, and session activation. A software key
declares neither facet, so those paths complete synchronously and
nothing about their ordering changes.

`ReadAsymmetricMessage` is refactored into shared helpers rather than
duplicated — adding an `await` was not worth two hundred cloned lines of
signature, padding and endpoint-selection logic. `AsymmetricMessage` /
`AsymmetricWriteResult` exist because an asynchronous method cannot have
`out` parameters.

The channel no longer serialises its state on a monitor. A monitor
cannot be held across an `await`, and a plain `SemaphoreSlim` was not an
option at the time: the code relied on re-entrancy in eight places
(`HandleIncomingMessage` holds the lock and calls `ForceChannelFault`,
which takes it again; `ForceReconnect` and `Shutdown` do the same).
`ChannelGate` replaces it at 32 sites and `DataLock` is `[Obsolete]`.
That reliance has since been removed as well — see [Removing the gate's
re-entrancy](#removing-the-gates-re-entrancy) below.

### Defects this surfaced, all fixed and regression-tested

**Detached work started inline.** Writes were started with `_ =
WriteBuffersAsync(...)`. An async method runs its prologue on the
caller's stack, so `LeaveInheritedContext` — which exists to stop
*detached* work inheriting the right to re-enter the gate — was
stripping the **caller's own** entitlement; when the send then completed
synchronously, the completion blocked on a gate that very thread was
holding. The client sent its OpenSecureChannel request and never
processed the response. Writes are now queued.

**A synchronous gate handle held across an `await`.** `Enter()` records
the acquiring thread so an inline completion callback can re-enter —
`ChannelAsyncOperation` invokes its callback both inline and detached.
That record is only sound while the holder is synchronously on that
thread; the token renewal path held it across an await, so a reused pool
thread was recognised as the holder.

**`SignAsync` rejected the policy that signs nothing.** It validated the
certificate before the algorithm, so `SecurityPolicies.None` — which
carries no certificate — threw where the synchronous `Sign` returns
`null`.

**`EnterAsync` lost the holder when contended** *(found in review)*. The
`AsyncLocal` recording ownership was written inside the awaiting method,
and .NET restores the caller's execution context when an async method
completes, so the write was discarded. The caller returned owning the
semaphore while `IsHeldByCurrentContext` reported `false` — and any
nested `Enter()` then blocked forever on a gate its own context held.
Reachable remotely: `HandleIncomingMessageAsync` → error path →
`ForceChannelFault`. The holder is now published from the caller's frame
before the wait, and only its depth is raised in the continuation.

**Queued writes lost their order** *(found in review)*. Sequence numbers
are assigned under the gate, but independently queued work items reach
the transport's FIFO send lock in arbitrary order, so a peer could
reject a chunk with `BadSequenceNumberInvalid`. Writes are now appended
to a chain: still off the caller's stack, but a write cannot start
before its predecessor finishes.

### Four more this surfaced in CI, on paths only the integration suites
reach

Queuing the writes to fix the deadlock above turned out to have moved
three implicit guarantees, and the gate had one more liveness bug. Each
was reproduced locally against a clean baseline before it was changed.

**A faulting channel's error message never reached the peer.** A
listener channel sends a UASC `Error` describing why it faulted and
closes the transport as its next statement. That worked only because the
write started on the caller's stack, so the bytes reached the socket
first; queued, the close discarded them and the client saw
`BadConnectionClosed` instead of the certificate status it was told to
expect. Nine `SecurityCertValidationTests` cases assert exactly that
status. The terminal error is written inline again, on a path that
touches the gate only to disclaim what it inherited and reports nothing
— a channel that is already faulted is owed nothing beyond its buffer.

**The certificate of a rejected sender leaked.** An asynchronous method
cannot have `out` parameters, so the asymmetric read returns a record
instead. That silently dropped an ownership guarantee: an `out`
parameter reaches the caller even when the method goes on to throw, so
the caller's `catch` disposed the sender certificate and reported it to
the audit. A return value does not — nine leaked certificates, one per
rejection case, which the leak detector fails the run on. The parsed
certificate is now handed to the caller before anything that can reject
the message, restoring both the disposal and the audit.

**The gate could strand its own permit.** It released only when the
holder's depth returned to zero, but that depth lives in an `AsyncLocal`
and is therefore shared with every context forked from the owner's — a
timer callback whose timer was created inside the region, for instance.
Such a context entering the gate raised the shared depth, so the owner's
own exit saw a non-zero depth and returned without releasing, and
nothing afterwards could: the nested exit is not the owner. Every later
entry on that channel blocked forever. `Opc.Ua.Features.Tests` hung
after its tests had finished, with a receive loop waiting on the gate
and the server unable to stop. The owner now releases when it leaves;
depth still gates re-entrancy, but liveness no longer depends on a count
another context can move.

**Write completion throttled the writer.** Reporting a completed write
sat inside the ordering chain, and the client channel implements that
callback by entering the gate — so every write queued behind a gate the
receive loop contends for on each incoming chunk. A session with fifty
subscriptions publishing continuously had its publish requests throttled
enough that the client kept topping them up past its own limit, which
`Subscriptions.Classic` asserts against. Completion is now reported off
the chain, which covers only what ordering actually requires.

### Still synchronous, and why

Certificate, certificate request and revocation list signing cannot be
made asynchronous at all: `X509SignatureGenerator.SignData` is invoked
by .NET's own builders. Service faults and the `Reconnect` override are
reached from synchronous call sites (`SendServiceFault` alone has eight)
and are left as they are behind scoped, commented suppressions. All
three are documented rather than left to be rediscovered.

## #4210 — PubSub

This one produced a finding rather than the API the issue asked for, and
the finding is the point:

> **With a standard Security Key Service the key necessarily exists in
process memory.** `GetSecurityKeys` (Part 14 §8.3.2) returns raw key
bytes over the wire, so the "key never leaves the device" property #4192
achieved for client and server **cannot** be achieved for PubSub through
the SKS pull profile. That is a property of the specification, not of
this stack.

A wrapped-key envelope would change what is on the wire and break
interoperability with third-party key services and publishers, so it was
rejected rather than built.

What is achievable is delivered: the per-message AES-CTR and HMAC route
through `ISymmetricCryptoProvider`, so a validated module performs them.
`IPubSubSecurityPolicy` is **not** modified — new members would break
every implementation of it; the provider is supplied through the policy
constructor. `PlatformSymmetricCryptoProvider` gained AES counter mode,
which the seam should have covered anyway since the algorithm enum names
it.

Key lifetime is also tightened: unpacking an SKS response copied key
material into intermediates that `ByteString.Create` then copied again,
leaving plain keys in the heap for the lifetime of the process. Those
are now zeroed.

### Two wiring gaps this depended on, both found in review

The registrations above were **inert**, so this section originally
claimed more than the code did:

- `CryptoProviderConfiguration` was applied nowhere outside tests, so
`AddCryptoProvider(configure)` never reached the registry in a real
host. The registry now applies every registered configuration when it is
first resolved — which also affects #4207's DI story.
- `PubSubSecurityWrapperResolver` selected
`PubSubAes256CtrPolicy.Instance`, the provider-less static singleton,
ignoring the provider-backed bundles registered for it. A `FipsOnly`
deployment therefore certified while the platform did the work. The
resolver now selects from the registered policies; the container and
`PubSubApplicationBuilder` both supply theirs.

A third, smaller one: `CryptoProviderBuilder.Use` published a
**policy-scoped** random source as the process-wide nonce source, so
`.For(purpose, policyUri).Use(hsm)` redirected nonce generation for
every other policy too. Only an unscoped binding does that now.

## #4206 — a provider can contribute a security policy

Added in review: the policy set was fixed at compile time, so a provider
could contribute key custody but not a *profile*. It is now table-driven
and open, and the blockers #4206 listed are gone.

```csharp
using IDisposable registration = SecurityPolicies.Register(
    new SecurityPolicyInfo("urn:vendor:SecurityPolicy#CustomProfile", "CustomProfile")
    {
        PlatformSupport = () => true,
        SupportedCertificateTypes = [ObjectTypeIds.RsaSha256ApplicationCertificateType],
        IsDefault = true
    });

services.AddOpcUa()
    .AddCryptoProvider(crypto => crypto
        .For(CryptoPurpose.ChannelSymmetric, "urn:vendor:SecurityPolicy#CustomProfile").Use(module))
    .AddSecurityPolicy(customPolicy);
```

- **The reflection is gone.** Four lookup tables were built by
reflecting over the fields of `SecurityPolicies` and
`SecurityPolicyInfo`. They are one explicit table now, which removes the
**last reflection in `Security/Constants`** — so this is a trimming and
Native AOT improvement as much as a feature.
- **`SecurityPolicyInfo` is constructible from another assembly** and
carries the metadata the helpers need, so `IsPlatformSupportedName`,
`GetDefaultUris`, `MapSecurityPolicyToCertificateTypes` and
`GetCurveFromCertificateTypeId` read that table instead of each being
hand-written. Adding a policy is one entry rather than five edits.
- **The dead `#if CURVE25519` conditional is deleted** from
`Security/Constants`.
- Registration is copy-on-write, so the read path stays lock-free.
Shadowing a built-in policy requires `replaceExisting: true` and is
reversible by disposing the registration.

`RegisterLightsUpCurvePoliciesFromOutsideCore` is the acceptance test
the issue asked for: it registers `ECC_curve25519` and `ECC_curve448`
from the test project and asserts they become discoverable through the
public API.

**Registering a policy makes it advertised and resolvable; it does not
supply the cryptography behind it.** For those two curve profiles the
in-tree key agreement is still behind a compile symbol no project
defines plus a BouncyCastle dependency, so a deployment lighting them up
provides the operations through a provider. That division is the point:
the policy set says *what* is offered, the provider says *who* performs
it.

## Removing the gate's re-entrancy

Folded in from #4242, which was merged into this branch.

`ChannelGate` was re-entrant, and that forced the design behind most of
the defects above. A holder that awaits releases its thread, so
ownership could not be tracked by thread identity — it had to live in an
`AsyncLocal<Holder?>`. A logical context is *inherited*, so anything
started while the gate was held inherited the right to re-enter and ran
inside the guarded region alongside whatever started it, unless it opted
out by hand via `LeaveInheritedContext()` at each of eight sites,
enforced by review alone. Five of the defects listed above trace to that
mechanism, including both CI hangs.

So the *requirement* was removed rather than the mechanism, and the
`AsyncLocal` then deleted itself. Every path that re-entered now calls a
lock-free `Core` method (`ForceChannelFaultCore`, `ShutdownCore`,
`ForceReconnectCore`, `CompleteConnectCore`), and three regions stopped
running foreign code under the lock: the `RequestReceived` dispatch is
deferred until the gate is released, `OnTransportError` no longer wraps
the `HandleSocketError` virtual, and the callback setters and
`EndpointDescription` publish a single reference with a volatile write
instead of locking — the last is load-bearing, because
`AsyncResultBase.OperationCompleted` invokes the reverse-hello callback
inline while the gate is held.

`ChannelGate` is now a `SemaphoreSlim(1,1)` behind a `Releaser`;
`Holder`, the thread-identity fallback, `LeaveInheritedContext`,
`IsHeldByCurrentContext` and all eight disclaimer calls are gone, with
the call shape at all 32 sites unchanged. `SaveIntermediateChunk`,
`GetSavedChunks` and `DoMessageLimitsExceeded` gained a `gateHeld`
argument, because the client reaches them both with and without the gate
and must pick the matching teardown — without it an oversized
`OpenSecureChannel` response deadlocked the receive loop against itself.

The remaining paths were not found by reading the code, since that is
what missed them originally. A temporary strict mode made every
re-entrant acquisition throw with its stack, the suite was run under it
until clean, and it was deleted with the re-entrancy it measured. It
caught two sites review had missed: the `EndpointDescription` **property
getter** taking the gate, and the `RequestReceived` dispatch to
application code happening inside the guarded region.

Two deliberate residuals are documented for reviewers: `Dispose` no
longer takes the gate (unavoidable — it is reached from `ChannelFaulted`
with the gate held, where the old re-entrant acquisition excluded
nothing anyway), and the deferred request dispatch builds
`SecureChannelContext` just after gate release rather than under it.

## Testing

New: the three seams and their platform implementations, facet discovery
and resolution precedence, `FipsOnly` refusing a provider that cannot
serve what it was bound to, AES counter mode (including a
non-block-aligned round trip and a check that the counter carries, since
one that did not would silently reuse key stream), `ChannelGate`
(exclusion, re-entrancy across an await, re-entrancy on a reused thread,
and the deadlocks above), the asynchronous channel paths, and the PubSub
policy provider.

Each review finding got a test that fails without its fix:

- `ContendedEntryStillRecordsTheHolderAsync` — established contention
deterministically, then re-entered; failed on the pre-fix gate. Removed
with the re-entrancy it covered; `ChannelGateTests` now asserts the
non-re-entrant contract instead.
- `SecureClientAndTcpListenerKeepChunkOrderUnderConcurrentRequestsAsync`
— 60 concurrent multi-chunk `SignAndEncrypt` requests over a real
loopback listener; failed 3 runs out of 3 with the previous dispatch,
passes 3 out of 3 with the chain.
-
`DependencyInjectionRoutesPubSubCryptoThroughTheRegisteredProviderAsync`
— builds a container, registers a counting provider, wraps a message and
asserts the provider actually performed the encryption and the
signature. This is the assertion the PubSub claim above now rests on.
- `PolicyScopedRandomBindingDoesNotEscapeItsPolicy`.

Two further assertions are the ones that would catch a silent defect: a
provider and the platform must produce **byte-identical** output — a
validated module that disagreed could not interoperate — and with a
software key the returned `ValueTask` must report
`IsCompletedSuccessfully`, which is what makes "ordering is unchanged"
checkable rather than merely asserted.

`SymmetricChannelCryptoBenchmarks` gains a provider-registered variant
beside the existing baseline, so the cost of the indirection is measured
rather than assumed.

Verified locally, every suite at or above its recorded baseline: `dotnet
build UA.slnx -c Release` **0 warnings, 0 errors on all six target
frameworks**; Core **4413** (net10.0); Core.Security **617**, with its
certificate-leak detector clean; PubSub **1350** plus PubSub.Diagnostics
**54** and PubSub.Udp **233**; Features **156**; Subscriptions.Classic
**32**; Server integration **4053**; Client integration **2123**;
MigrationAnalyzer **151** and MigrationAnalyzer.Core **13**. Zero
failures in each.

Core moved from 4388 to 4381 when the gate change landed — eight
re-entrancy tests were removed along with the behaviour they covered,
and one deadlock regression test added — and has since grown to 4413
with the registry isolation, provider-output and security-review tests.
`ChannelGateTests` was rewritten around the new contract — exclusion
across both entry modes, an uncontended asynchronous entry not
suspending, re-entry blocking by contract, and the property that used to
be the hazard: work started while the gate is held is excluded without
having to opt out.

Every CI failure this PR produced was reproduced locally, diagnosed
against a clean `origin/master` baseline in a second worktree, and fixed
at the source. Two hangs were found from `--blame-hang-timeout` dumps
read with `dotnet-dump`. One failure that looked like a candidate was
confirmed **not** to be: an intermittent `Opc.Ua.Aot.Tests` connect
failure, pre-existing on `origin/master` (5 of 8 baseline runs failed,
versus 3 of 14 here).

### The publish request overshoot

`Subscriptions.Classic.PublishRequestCountAsync` failed on the Windows
net10.0 leg with **207** outstanding publish requests against a cap of
`max(maxServerPublishRequest, subscriptions)` = 50. It failed in 2 of 6
pipeline builds on this branch, never on `master` in 13 sampled builds,
and never locally in 12 attempts including under deliberate CPU
contention.

The mechanism is a genuine race.
`ClassicSubscriptionEngine.QueueBeginPublish` was a **check-then-act**:
it read `GoodPublishRequestCount`, compared it against
`GetDesiredPublishRequestCount(false)`, and issued a publish if it was
below. It runs on every publish completion, so *n* completions that
overlap each read the same value, each conclude they are below the cap,
and each issue — overshooting by up to *n* per round. The read also
*lags*: a request only becomes visible to `GoodPublishRequestCount` once
`AsyncRequestStarted` has recorded it, which happens after the request
has already been sent.

That code is pre-existing and was untouched by this PR. What this PR
changed is how hard the race is hit: the server used to hold the channel
gate across request processing, which serialised every request on a
channel, so publish completions arrived one at a time. Dispatching
`RequestReceived` outside the gate — an intended improvement, since a
channel should not serialise on application request-processing time —
lets them complete concurrently.

Rather than change the publish pipeline blind, the race was first made
reproducible.
`ConcurrentPublishReEvaluationDoesNotExceedDesiredRequestCount` drives
64 barrier-released completions against a mocked context whose count
lags the send exactly the way the session's does. It issued **64
requests where 5 were desired** — the same defect the CI leg hit, now
deterministic and running in milliseconds.

The engine now tracks the requests it has in flight and reserves a slot
with a compare-exchange before sending, so the decision and the send are
one atomic step. The reservation is released when the request completes,
when the send is declined, or when it throws. The repro test then issues
at most the desired count.

`StartPublishing` is deliberately left **uncapped**. It is the recovery
valve that refills a pipeline whose requests are outstanding but no
longer expected to return, so gating it on the in-flight count would
remove the only path out of a stalled pipeline. An earlier revision of
this fix did gate it, and that is the one change here that could not be
justified on the evidence — it was reverted.

The assertion was **not** loosened, retried away, or marked flaky: it
caught a real throttling regression earlier in this PR and is worth
keeping sharp.

Validated: the repro test red before the fix and green after;
`Subscriptions.Classic` 32/32 **five** consecutive runs on net10.0 and
once on net48; `Opc.Ua.Client.Tests` 2124 on net10.0 across four
consecutive runs and 2127 on net48; `Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Tests` 604
passed with this fix in place.

### The SSH.NET advisory that turned CI red repo-wide

Partway through this work every build job began failing with `NU1903:
Package 'SSH.NET' 2025.1.0 has a known high severity vulnerability`
([GHSA-q939-rpr3-3284](https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-q939-rpr3-3284),
`<= 2025.1.0` affected, first patched `2026.0.0`).

Nothing in the dependency graph changed — the advisory was published.
Build 17026 failed on it where build 17000, two hours earlier on an
identical graph, had passed every build job. SSH.NET is not referenced
anywhere in the repository; it arrives transitively through
`Testcontainers.Kafka`.

`master` landed the remediation independently while this was being
investigated (a central transitive pin to `2026.0.0`, which
`CentralPackageTransitivePinningEnabled` exists for). This branch
briefly carried its own identical pin, which made the merge commit hold
**two** `PackageVersion` entries for SSH.NET and fail restore with
`NU1506`. The duplicate is removed and `master` is merged, so the pin
now comes from one place only.

The audit was **not** suppressed: `NuGetAudit` stays enabled and
`NU1903` stays an error. Verified after the merge — `dotnet restore
UA.slnx` reports neither NU1903 nor NU1506, and `dotnet build UA.slnx -c
Release` is **0 warnings, 0 errors** with the audit live.

The remaining red check in build 17026 was not from this change either.
`aot-ubuntu-latest` is the intermittent `Opc.Ua.Aot.Tests` failure
already noted above — `ReconnectSessionAsync` timed out at 30s with 135
of 136 passing. It remains below the `origin/master` baseline rate (4 of
15 sampled here against 5 of 8 on the baseline), and the managed
reconnect paths are green throughout: `Opc.Ua.Client.Tests` 2124 across
four consecutive runs and `Opc.Ua.Subscriptions.Tests` 604.


## Documentation

`docs/CryptoProvider.md` gains sections on substituting the symmetric
primitives, using a key served over a network, and PubSub — including
what cannot be claimed and why, the scope rule for a random-source
binding, and how to supply a provider-backed policy outside the
container. `docs/MigrationGuide.md` covers the `[Obsolete]` channel
virtuals and `DataLock`, and the non-re-entrant gate's contract for
channel subclasses. `docs/WhatsNewIn2.0.md` is updated.
`plans/cryptooffboard.md` is deleted now that the work it planned has
landed.

## Note for reviewers

This touches the secure channel handshake, which is the most
security-critical code in the stack. Nine distinct concurrency and
lifetime defects were found and fixed in it during this work — three
during development, two in review, four from CI — so `ChannelGate`, the
write path and the certificate ownership across the new suspension
points deserve the closest reading.

Five of those nine traced to the gate's `AsyncLocal`, which is why the
re-entrancy was subsequently removed and the `AsyncLocal` deleted. The
wrapper/`Core` split and the two documented residuals in that section
are the parts most worth a second reading.

The #4206 work removes the last reflection from `Security/Constants` and
rewrites the policy lookup tables, so
`SecurityConfiguration.SupportedSecurityPolicies` and the endpoint set
it feeds are worth a second look: an earlier revision of it changed that
set and broke six server tests, which is now covered by
`SecurityConfigurationBuildsExpectedSupportedPolicySet`.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4206
- Fixes #4207
- Fixes #4208
- Fixes #4210
- Follow-up #4250 — this PR makes the security policy set injectable,
but nothing in the stack resolves `ISecurityPolicyRegistry` from DI yet,
so every production path still lands on the `Default` fallback. #4250
tracks threading it through `Session` and `UaSCBinaryChannel`, which is
what makes the injection points already added here load-bearing.

## Checklist

- [x] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [x] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [x] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: copilot-swe-agent[bot] <198982749+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Co-authored-by: marcschier <11168470+marcschier@users.noreply.github.com>
Copilot-Session: 7a68ca72-83e8-496c-b2f5-3df4c718320b
Copilot-Session: 3f5ab76a-c0ba-4f47-87ac-54d1f4182c6b
2026-08-15 05:23:20 -07:00
Marc SchierandCopilot 64d2834b2f Confine capture artifact paths to the configured base folder (#4247)
## What

`CaptureSessionManager.StartAsync` validates the caller-supplied
`SessionFolder`
against the configured capture base folder, then copies `PcapFilePath`
and
`KeyLogFilePath` from the same request through **without validating
them**.

Both reach the filesystem:

| Property | Sink | Effect |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `PcapFilePath` (write) | `PcapFileWriter.OpenCurrentFile` —
`FileMode.Create`, after `EnsureParentDirectoryExists` | truncates and
overwrites the named file, creating parent directories |
| `PcapFilePath` (read) | `ReplayCaptureSource` →
`PcapFormatter.FormatAsync` → `File.ReadAllBytesAsync` | returns the
named file's bytes to the caller |
| `KeyLogFilePath` | `OpenOrCreate` + seek to end | appends key material
to the named file |

`InProcessCaptureSource.ResolveArtifactPath` returns a rooted path
unchanged and
`Path.Combine`s a relative one without normalizing, so `..` traversal is
not
contained either.

Where those values arrive from outside the process — the MCP
`start_capture`
tool passes a `StartCaptureRequest` straight through — a caller can name
any
path the process can open, in either direction.

## Why this looks like an oversight

The containment already exists and is applied consistently everywhere
else in
this package. `PacketDecodeTools.DecodePcapWithKeysAsync` and
`PacketReplayTools.ReplayPcapAsync` both run caller paths through
`McpCapturePath.ResolveAndValidate(path, allowedRoot)` before use.
`start_capture`
is the one entry point that skips it.

## Change

Adds `ValidateAndResolveArtifactPath` beside the existing
`ValidateAndResolveSessionFolder` and applies it to both artifact
properties.
Relative paths are resolved against the validated session folder,
preserving
the `StartCaptureRequest` contract, and the result is then confined to
the
configured capture base folder. Containment comparisons are
case-insensitive on
Windows and case-sensitive on non-Windows platforms. Null and empty
paths pass
through untouched so sources keep deriving their default names inside
the
session folder.

## Tests

Five added to `SessionFolderValidationTests`:

- rejects a rooted `PcapFilePath` outside the base folder
- rejects `..` traversal in `PcapFilePath`
- rejects a rooted `KeyLogFilePath` outside the base folder
- accepts artifact paths inside the base folder and resolves relative
paths beneath the session folder
- rejects a case-variant sibling path on Linux

Each was verified to **fail without the change**. MCP capture, decode,
and
replay fixtures now place valid session artifacts beneath the configured
capture root while preserving explicit outside-root rejection coverage.
`SessionFolderValidationTests` (11/11) and the complete
`Opc.Ua.Tools.Tests` suite (430/430) pass locally.

## Note

This has security relevance for hosts that expose the MCP diagnostics
tools, so
it was also reported to `securityteam@opcfoundation.org` per
`SECURITY.md`.
Happy to close this and handle it privately instead if you would prefer.

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Copilot-Session: b8ab3763-b9bd-46ae-b0ef-045db26e5782
2026-08-13 08:20:33 +00:00
Marc Schier 80db326567 Fix MCP diagnostics tool contracts and capture failures (#4241)
# Description

Fix the MCP packet-diagnostics tool contract and the capture failures
reported in #4238.

- Accept and emit canonical hyphenated capture source and format names
while preserving CLR-name and integer compatibility.
- Restore typed enum constraints in generated MCP schemas and surface
actionable diagnostics errors to MCP clients.
- Stop `list_interfaces` from reading `LinkType` on unopened SharpPcap
devices.
- Close failed SharpPcap handles before retrying NIC opens and report
permission failures immediately.
- Normalize capture roots, remove duplicated path segments, and use a
lazy secure per-user or atomic temporary fallback.
- Align MCP/diagnostics documentation and interop-agent guidance.

## Related Issues

- Fixes #4238

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed.
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.

---------

Copilot-Session: 641a4356-aa8d-45e6-9077-eeb50b9b7e0a
2026-08-12 10:33:56 +02:00
Marc SchierandCopilot fb80bfdc82 [WotCon] Track WoT Connectivity/Binding 1.1 and add projections (Section 12) (#4182)
Follow-up to #4128, which merged the WoT Connectivity 1.1 work against
**draft2** of the companion specifications. Both drafts have moved
since, and this branch tracks them through to **draft3**, adds the
projection feature they introduced, and closes the gaps a bidirectional
re-audit found.

The specifications are the private
[`OPCF-Members/spec-drafts`](https://github.com/OPCF-Members/spec-drafts)
drafts of *OPC UA — WoT Connectivity 1.1* and *OPC UA — WoT Binding
1.1*. They are still drafts, which is why this is opened as a draft PR —
see [Status](#status) at the bottom.

## What changed in the specifications

Two revisions landed upstream while #4128 was in flight.

**draft2** replaced the `eventGroup` / `actionGroup` grouping constructs
with a single **projection / view** concept, added fifteen Section 6
vocabulary terms, and made two identifier rules normative. **draft3**
([spec PR #8](https://github.com/OPCF-Members/spec-drafts/pull/8))
un-deprecated the incorporated OPC 10100-1 v1.02 surface, restructured
the conformance clause into three profiles, and tightened two security
obligations.

The draft3 NodeSet is **structurally identical** to draft2 — I diffed
all 286 nodes node-by-node. Every change is metadata: 96
`ReleaseStatus="Deprecated"` attributes removed, `PublicationDate`
advanced, and `WOTC-ProjectionMaterialization` claimed by three Type
Nodes that previously implemented it in name only.

## Projections (WoT Binding Section 12)

The substantial addition. A projection document selects affordances from
other Thing Descriptions or Thing Models and resolves to a document of
its own; materialized, it becomes an OPC UA `View` that **creates no
affordance Node** and only `Organizes` what its sources already
materialized.

| Piece | Where |
|---|---|
| Document model and validation | `Opc.Ua.Types/Wot/WotProjection.cs`,
`WotProjectionModel.cs` |
| Four-stage resolution engine |
`Opc.Ua.Types/Wot/WotProjectionResolver.cs` |
| Materialization plan |
`Opc.Ua.WotCon.Server/Materialization/WotViewProjectionPlan.cs`,
`WotProjectionViewBuilder.cs` |
| Live address-space host | `WotProjectionViewNodeManager.cs`,
`LifecycleWotViewProjectionHost.cs`, `IWotViewProjectionHost.cs` |
| Node lookup seam | `IWotMaterializedNodeIndex.cs` |

Groups reached by `ua:Organizes` become organizational Objects rather
than nested Views, only the outermost materialization is a `View`, and a
member whose source is served by another server is omitted and reported
rather than recreated — the federation case the clause calls out.

### How this is validated

The specification publishes twenty worked examples, two of which are a
**golden pair**: a projection document and the resolved view it is
defined to produce. `WotSpecExampleTests` embeds all twenty and runs the
pair through the resolver, asserting against *the specification's own
expected output* rather than against my reading of the prose. That
single document exercises all three selection forms, the bulk naming
rule, the security closure naming and the provenance term.

This is the strongest evidence in the PR, and it is worth more than the
unit tests around it: it is the same check the upstream
`validate_local.py` performs.

## Other spec work

- **Section 6 vocabulary** — fifteen missing model and platform terms
with their validation rules (`WotNodeSetConverter.ModelVocabulary.cs`).
- **Portable identifiers** — the two rules release 1.1 made normative,
with `WotNodeSetConverterOptions.AllowNonPortableIdentifiers` as a
documented downgrade-to-warning switch for documents authored against
v1.00. Defaults to `false`.
- **xRegistry §6.9 identifier construction** (`XRegistryIdentifier.cs`)
— reverse-authority symbolic identifiers; all seven published worked
examples are test cases.

## Gaps found by re-auditing against draft3

I audited in both directions — every normative requirement to code, and
every `uav:` term in code back to a spec that defines it. Three
findings, all fixed:

1. **`Wot-Con 1.02` accepted anything well-formed.** draft3 makes format
validation part of the unit, because *WoT-Con Minimal* is one unit wide
and materialization projects a *valid* document. The 1.02 upload path
only deserialized into the `ThingDescription` POCO, which happily
accepts JSON that is not a WoT document at all — every member of that
type is optional, so `{}` deserialized and was materialized. It now
parses via `WotDocument.Parse` and requires the document to identify
itself by a non-empty `name` or `title`, returning `Bad_DecodingError`
and materializing nothing otherwise. The rule lives in
`ThingDescriptionFormatValidator` and is shared with
`CreateAssetForEndpoint`, whose auto-generated Thing Descriptions §11
also treats as untrusted input.
2. **Two `WoTFile` operations were ungated.** draft3 §11 names `Write`
and `CloseAndUpdate` alongside the five management methods; both reached
the materializer without an access check. `EnforceManagementAccess` is
now wired into `WotAssetFileManager`.
3. **Two invented `uav:` terms.** `uav:NodeSet2Preservation` was
declared and never used — removed. `uav:eventFields` is read by
`OpcUaBindingPlanner` and defined in *neither* spec, while a comment
claimed it came from OPC 10101. It still works for compatibility but is
now documented as a non-standard extension at both sites rather than
misattributed.

The SSRF prohibition is satisfied by construction: there is no HTTP
client anywhere in these assemblies, and all resolution goes through the
injected `IWotThingResolver`.

## Two ambiguities fixed in the specifications themselves

The audit turned up two places where a conforming implementer had to
invent an answer. Rather than pick silently, I took both upstream — they
are pushed to [spec-drafts PR
#8](https://github.com/OPCF-Members/spec-drafts/pull/8) (all checks
green) and are now normative in *Binding* §12.6 and *Connectivity*
§7.13:

- **`ViewVersion`** had one sentence saying only *that* it changes. It
now changes iff the resolved membership changes, is updated at commit
time alongside the `NodeVersion` stamping, and is a deterministic
function of the membership alone in a canonical order — so two servers
that resolved the same membership agree, which a per-server counter
would not across a redundant pair. Explicitly **not monotonic**: compare
for inequality only.
- **"Type-level view"** was used once in §12.2 and defined nowhere,
while every other statement of materialization was universal. §12.6 now
*defines* it rather than contradicting §12.2: the NodeClass is `View` in
both cases.

Both were already what this code did, so neither changed behaviour — but
the order-insensitivity the clause added was **not** covered by any
test, and `ViewVersionIsUnchangedWhenOnlyTheOrderOfTheMembershipChanges`
now holds it. It is mutation-verified: removing the ordinal sort turns
it red.

`docs/WotBindings.md` no longer lists these as points "the specification
leaves open".

## Validation

| Suite | Result |
|---|---|
| `Opc.Ua.Types.Tests` | 8525 ✅ (8518 on net48) |
| `Opc.Ua.WotCon.Tests` | 1057 ✅ (net10.0 and net48) |
| `Opc.Ua.WotCon.Bindings.Tests` | 559 ✅ |
| `Opc.Ua.XRegistry.Tests` | 196 ✅ |
| `Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` | 4027 ✅ |
| `Opc.Ua.SourceGeneration.Core.Tests` | 3771 ✅ |
| `Opc.Ua.WotCon.Samples.Tests` | 9 ✅ |

The full `UA.slnx` builds with **0 errors and 0 warnings attributable to
this PR** on all 6 TFMs (`TreatWarningsAsErrors` is on).
`Opc.Ua.Server.Tests` and the source-generation suites are listed
because this PR now also touches `MasterNodeManager` and the WoT-Con
NodeSet.

## Compatibility

No public API is removed or broken. Everything added is new surface
using `ArrayOf<T>` / `ByteString` per the repo conventions, wired for DI
with a direct-construction fallback, and the one behavioural tightening
(`Wot-Con 1.02` format validation) rejects input that was never valid to
begin with.

One pre-existing issue is **not** addressed here because it came in with
#4128 and is out of scope: `WotAssetFileManager.OnCloseAndUpdate` uses
`.GetAwaiter().GetResult()`, which the repo rules ban. Worth a
follow-up.

## Landed since this PR was opened

- **DI upgraded to 1.05.0.** `ConnectsTo` was declared a subtype of
`HierarchicalReferences`, contradicting OPC 10000-100 §5.5 Table 48.
That is an upstream error in every official DI NodeSet up to 1.04,
corrected by the OPC Foundation in 1.05.0, so the fixture is replaced
with the verbatim 1.05.0 file rather than hand-patched. A guard test
pins the corrected form. This also closed a second gap: six DI types the
WoT model was missing are 1.05 additions.
- **The sample Pump has the type definition OPC 40223 declares for it.**
`Pump1.Identification` carried DI's `FunctionalGroupType` instead of
`PumpIdentificationType`. Every test, the sample documents and the
README agreed with each other about it, which is why it survived.
- **`WotPumpAddressSpaceComparisonTests`** compares this server against
`PumpDeviceIntegrationServer`, which builds the same OPC 40223 Pump from
generated NodeSets and hand-written wiring. An independent oracle rather
than a restatement of the same assumptions - it is what found the defect
above.
- **Error containment in `MaterializeProjectionViewsAsync`.** An
exception mid-loop discarded the applied View handles before they were
published, leaving View Nodes in the address space that nothing could
remove.
- **`HasWoTProjection`** is now created; it was documented and plumbed
but never wired.
- **The default in-memory View host** no longer deletes the View it has
just applied.
- **An undeclared NodeSet alias now says so.** It previously surfaced as
`IdentifierMissing`, naming neither the value nor the fact that an alias
was expected.
- **`ViewVersion` follows the algorithm the specification now states.**
My earlier spec text was rejected on review, correctly: it named neither
the function nor the canonical order it demanded, ignored that OPC
10000-3 §5.4 requires a value greater than zero, and its "when, and only
when" is unsatisfiable for a 32-bit value. §12.6 now specifies the
algorithm outright and this implementation follows it exactly, pinned by
an independently computed test vector. Implementing it surfaced a
further defect in the clause - joining members on U+000A is not
injective, because a NodeId string identifier may itself contain U+000A
- which is fixed in the specification by length-prefixing each member.
- **An auto-generated Thing Description is treated as untrusted input.**
§11 requires it; `CreateAssetForEndpoint` validated the endpoint but
handed whatever the discovery provider returned straight to the
materializer. The `Wot-Con 1.02` format rule now gates both paths from
one place.
- **Document bytes moved out of the registry snapshot** into a
content-addressed store, so a commit no longer rewrites the whole corpus
to edit one document. Writes stage and are promoted during the commit,
which preserves both durability-first ordering and the fail-closed rule
that a blob directory without a manifest means operator recovery.
Restoring streaming digest verification along the way closed a real gap:
content integrity had degenerated to a length comparison.
- **External references now reach a NodeManager registered later.** A
reference to a Node that does not exist yet is dropped rather than
queued, and the dynamic-registration path had no second phase to apply
them in, so registering a NodeSet before the one it points into lost the
forward edge permanently. Review of that change then found a state leak
in its rollback path, fixed with a red-to-green regression test.
- **`WOTC-Legacy` is renamed `Wot-Con 1.02`** in the specification and
here. Editorial: the NodeSet diff is `<Category>` values only.

## Status

Open for review. Two things may still move:

1. **The specifications are unpublished drafts.** Anything here can
change if the working group decides differently. The `ViewVersion`
definition has since been settled - §12.6 specifies the algorithm and
this follows it - but the same could happen to any other clause tracked
here.
2. **`uav:eventFields`** is kept as a documented non-standard extension.
That is a judgement call the WG may want to reverse, either by adopting
the term or removing it.

Two known items are recorded rather than fixed:

- `Pump1` has no hierarchical parent, so it is reachable by NodeId but
not by browsing down from `Objects`. The cross-NodeSet ordering defect
this was originally attributed to is fixed above, and cross-manager
references are now symmetric in both registration orders. The Pump
itself is still blocked on a different cause found while verifying that
fix: with the reference added, `DeviceSet` exists but the Pump has
**zero** inverse references, so the edge is dropped at *import* - before
any external-reference machinery runs. That is a separate defect in the
materialization path, not the one that was fixed, and it is left
recorded rather than guessed at.
- `WotAssetFileManager.OnCloseAndUpdate` uses
`.GetAwaiter().GetResult()`, which the repo rules ban. Pre-existing from
#4128 and out of scope here.

Review of the projection resolver and the materialization host is the
most valuable thing to look at; the vocabulary and identifier commits
are mechanical by comparison.

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot <223556219+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
Copilot-Session: 9e6a5abf-3299-4cd1-9855-010fedbf0ad8
2026-08-08 09:08:23 +02:00
Marc Schier 8538f531e7 Update paths for the consolidated repository layout 2026-07-16 06:26:05 +02:00
Marc Schier 7cec2d614d Move repository files to the consolidated layout 2026-07-16 06:25:54 +02:00