UA-.NETStandard/samples/OpenUsd/GeneratorServer/DATASHEET.md

GenX-500 Diesel Generating Set — Technical Data

SimGen Systems · 400 kW Prime / 440 kW Standby · 50 Hz · 400/230 V

This is a simulated device. SimGen Systems and the GenX-500 do not exist. The data below are ordinary engineering parameters for a mid-size industrial diesel generating set, chosen so that the simulation in GeneratorServer is physically self-consistent. They describe no real product.

Every value here is also a constant in GeneratorDatasheet.cs, which the server uses to build the address space and drive the simulation. GeneratorDatasheetConformanceTests fails the build if this document and the code ever disagree.

---

1 Product description

The GenX-500 is a skid-mounted, radiator-cooled diesel generating set for prime and standby duty. A turbocharged and aftercooled inline-six drives a four-pole brushless alternator through a flexible coupling; both are mounted on a welded steel base frame with anti-vibration mounts and an integral fuel tank.

A single control panel provides start/stop, mode selection, metering, protection and an OPC UA interface conforming to the Generators companion specification.

---

2 Nameplate

Field	Value	OPC UA browse path
Manufacturer	SimGen Systems	2:Identification/2:Manufacturer
Model	GenX-500	2:Identification/2:Model
Product code	GX500-400-50-4W	2:Identification/2:ProductCode
Serial number	SG-500-<nnn>	2:Identification/2:SerialNumber
Device class	GeneratingSet	2:Identification/3:DeviceClass
Hardware revision	3.1	2:Identification/2:HardwareRevision
Software revision	5.4.2	2:Identification/2:SoftwareRevision
Device revision	3.1/5.4.2	2:Identification/2:DeviceRevision
Manufacturer URI	https://simgen.example.com	2:Identification/2:ManufacturerUri
Year of construction	2025	2:Identification/3:YearOfConstruction
Month of construction	4	2:Identification/3:MonthOfConstruction

Namespace prefixes: 2: = http://opcfoundation.org/UA/DI/, 3: = http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Machinery/, 4: = http://opcfoundation.org/UA/Generators/.

---

3 Ratings (ISO 8528)

Duty	Real power	Apparent power	Application
PRP — Prime	400 kW	500 kVA	Unlimited hours, variable load
ESP — Standby	440 kW	550 kVA	Emergency use, varying load

Parameter	Value
Rated power factor	0.8 lagging
Rated line-to-line voltage	400 V
Rated line-to-neutral voltage	230 V
Rated line current at PRP	721.7 A
Frequency	50 Hz
Phases / wires	3 / 4
Reference ambient	25 °C
Reference altitude	150 m

Rated current is not tabulated independently — it is I = S / (√3 · V_LL), so it cannot drift away from the rating it derives from.

---

4 Engine

Parameter	Value
Configuration	Inline 6-cylinder, 4-stroke
Aspiration	Turbocharged, air-to-air aftercooled
Displacement	12.5 L
Bore × stroke	130 × 157 mm
Compression ratio	16.5 : 1
Rated speed	1500 min⁻¹
Governor	Electronic, isochronous
Oil pressure at rated speed	4.8 bar
Thermostat opening	82 °C
Cooling	Radiator, engine-driven fan

Rated speed follows from the pole count and output frequency: N = 120 · f / p = 120 · 50 / 4 = 1500 min⁻¹.

---

5 Alternator

Parameter	Value
Type	Brushless, self-excited, 4-pole
Connection	Star (wye), 4-wire
Insulation class	H
Voltage regulation	±0.5 % steady state
Phases	L1, L2, L3 individually metered

---

6 Fuel system

Parameter	Value
Fuel	Diesel
Base tank capacity	1000 L
Reference fuel density	0.832 kg/L
Reference lower heating value	42.7 MJ/kg
Usable energy per litre	9.868 kWh/L

---

7 Physical

Parameter	Value
Length × width × height	4.00 × 1.50 × 2.20 m
Dry mass	4500 kg
Sound pressure at 1 m (enclosed)	75 dB(A)

---

8 Characteristic curves

Load fraction x — electrical output as a fraction of prime power — is the only independent variable. Everything else follows from these curves, which is what keeps the published values mutually consistent at every tick.

8.1 Fuel consumption

The classic affine generating-set fuel map:

V̇_f(x) = 3.67 + 100.00 · x        [L/h]

8.2 Electrical efficiency

η(x) = P(x) / (V̇_f(x) · ρ · LHV)

with ρ · LHV = 9.868 kWh/L. Efficiency is therefore never an independent number: it always reconciles with the published power and fuel rate.

8.3 Thermal

T_coolant(x) = 82 + 13 · x        [°C]
T_exhaust(x) = 250 + 300 · x      [°C]

8.4 Electrical

S = P / PF                        [VA]
I = S / (√3 · V_LL)               [A]
f = N · p / 120                   [Hz]

---

9 Performance table

Derived from the curves in §8 — this table is generated by them, not independently asserted.

Load	Real power	Fuel rate	Efficiency	Coolant	Exhaust
10 %	40 kW	13.7 L/h	29.65 %	83.3 °C	280 °C
25 %	100 kW	28.7 L/h	35.34 %	85.2 °C	325 °C
50 %	200 kW	53.7 L/h	37.76 %	88.5 °C	400 °C
75 %	300 kW	78.7 L/h	38.64 %	91.8 °C	475 °C
100 %	400 kW	103.7 L/h	39.10 %	95.0 °C	550 °C
110 %	440 kW	113.7 L/h	39.22 %	96.3 °C	580 °C

At 1000 L usable capacity and full prime load the set runs for approximately 9.6 hours on a full tank.

---

10 Instrumentation

Measurement	Unit published	Engineering range	Browse path
Engine speed	min⁻¹	0 … 2000	4:Engine/4:Speed
Oil pressure	Pa	0 … 8 bar	4:Engine/4:OilPressure
Coolant temperature	K	0 … 120 °C	4:Engine/4:CoolantTemperature
Exhaust temperature	K	0 … 700 °C	4:Engine/4:ExhaustTemperature
Fuel rate	m³/s	0 … 120 L/h	4:Engine/4:FuelRate
Engine hours	h	—	4:Engine/4:EngineHours
Frequency	Hz	45 … 55	4:Alternator/4:Frequency
Total real power	W	0 … 550 kW	4:Alternator/4:TotalRealPower
Average voltage	V	0 … 480	4:Alternator/4:AverageLineVoltage
Average current	A	0 … 800	4:Alternator/4:AverageCurrent
Power factor	—	0 … 1	4:Alternator/4:AveragePowerFactor
Load percent	%	0 … 120	4:Alternator/4:LoadPercent
Per-phase V/I/P/PF	V/A/W/—	as above	4:Alternator/4:L1 … 4:L3
Fuel level	%	0 … 100	4:FuelSystem/4:FuelLevel
Battery voltage	V	0 … 32	4:StartingSystem/4:BatteryVoltage

OPC UA publishes SI throughout: temperatures in kelvin, pressures in pascal, volumetric rates in cubic metres per second. The datasheet's own engineering units are converted on the way out.

---

11 Protection trip points

Protection	Trip	Effect
Low oil pressure	< 1.7 bar	Shutdown
High coolant temperature	> 98 °C	Shutdown
Overspeed	> 1725 min⁻¹ (115 %)	Shutdown
Overload	> 110 % of PRP	Alarm
Low fuel level	< 15 %	Warning
Low battery voltage	< 22 V	Warning

Protection events are reported as 4:GeneratorProtectionAlarmType, a subtype of OffNormalAlarmType, carrying the ProtectionFunction, severity, whether the event is a shutdown, and the originating subsystem.

---

12 Operating states

OperatingState is a 4:GeneratorStateMachineType with twelve states:

stateDiagram-v2
  [*] --> Off
  Off --> Ready
  Ready --> Starting
  Ready --> Off
  Starting --> Warmup
  Starting --> Fault
  Warmup --> Running
  Running --> Loaded
  Running --> Cooldown
  Running --> Fault
  Loaded --> Cooldown
  Loaded --> Fault
  Cooldown --> Stopping
  Stopping --> Off
  Fault --> Off
  Running --> EmergencyStopped
  Loaded --> EmergencyStopped
  EmergencyStopped --> Off

OperatingMode reflects the panel selector: Off, Manual, Auto, Test, Exercise, RemoteStart, Maintenance, Lockout.

---

13 Process schematic

flowchart LR
  TANK[("Fuel tank<br/>1000 L")] -->|"V̇_f(x)"| ENG
  AIR([Intake air]) --> TC[Turbocharger]
  TC --> AC[Aftercooler] --> ENG
  ENG[["Engine<br/>12.5 L inline-6<br/>1500 min⁻¹"]] --> CPL{{Coupling}}
  CPL --> ALT[["Alternator<br/>4-pole brushless<br/>400 V 50 Hz"]]
  ENG -->|exhaust| SIL[Silencer] --> STK([Stack])
  ENG <-->|jacket water| RAD[Radiator + fan]
  ALT --> BRK[/Breaker/] --> BUS([Load bus])
  BATT[("Battery<br/>24 V")] --> STR[Starter] --> ENG
  CTRL[Controller] -.->|start / stop / mode| ENG
  ALT -.->|V, I, f, PF| CTRL
  ENG -.->|speed, oil, coolant| CTRL

---

14 Simulation profile

The server does not replay a recording. It integrates the model above:

1. Load fraction is driven around a nominal 72 % with an 18 % swing, phase shifted per set so no two sets in a plant report the same duty point.
2. Real power, apparent power, per-phase voltage and current, frequency, fuel rate, efficiency, coolant and exhaust temperature all follow from that single value through §8.
3. Engine hours, total real energy and fuel consumed are integrated over time.
4. Protection states are evaluated against §11 with hysteresis, so an alarm latches and clears cleanly rather than chattering on the threshold.
5. The operating state machine advances through §12, staged per set so that a plant shows sets in different states simultaneously.

Because power and fuel rate are both functions of the same load fraction, η = P / (V̇_f · ρ · LHV) and P = √3 · V · I · PF hold at every published sample — which is exactly what the conformance tests assert.