Files
Marc Schier ae34b02938 Fuzzing coverage expansion (Full Encoders / Certificates / Network) (#3867)
# Description

Broadens fuzz coverage across the highest-value untrusted-input surfaces
in the stack, refactors the per-area scaffolding so adding a new fuzz
area is a copy-paste-replace operation, and integrates everything into
`UA.slnx`, `Fuzzing/Fuzzing.md`, and `Docs/README.md`.

**Totals**: 143 files, +4961 / −289. Source plan:
`plans/27-fuzzing-coverage-expansion.md` (added in this PR).

### Shared scaffolding (refactor, no behaviour change)

* Extract generic NUnit replay harness from
`Encoders/Fuzz.Tests/EncoderTests.cs` into
`Fuzzing/common/Fuzz.Tests/{FuzzTargetTestsBase,FuzzTargetFunction,TestcaseAsset,TestAssetUtils}.cs`.
* Each area's `Fuzz.Tests` becomes a thin subclass binding its own
`FuzzableCode` type.
* Hardcoded testcase-suffix arrays replaced with `Testcases.*` directory
discovery at runtime.
* New `Fuzzing/scripts/fuzz-menu.ps1`: dynamic target menu enumerating
`FuzzableCode` statics via reflection — no more hardcoded target lists
in `libfuzz.bat` / `aflfuzz.sh`.

### Encoders area hardening

* **Bug fix**: `AflfuzzXmlEncoder` was re-encoding via `JsonEncoder`;
now uses `XmlEncoder` (the `LibfuzzXmlEncoder` variant was already
correct).
* Add idempotent JSON / XML targets mirroring the existing Binary
idempotent pattern.
* Add compact-JSON encoder option coverage (`JsonEncoderOptions.None`
alongside `Verbose`).
* New `FuzzableCode.BuiltInTypes.cs` (48 targets): `NodeId`,
`ExpandedNodeId`, `Variant`, `ExtensionObject`, `DataValue`,
`DiagnosticInfo`, `QualifiedName`, `LocalizedText` × Binary/JSON/XML
decoders.
* Enrich `Encoders.Testcases.cs` seed corpus with `BrowseRequest` +
`WriteRequest`.
* New `Fuzzing/dictionaries/binary.dict`.

### String parsers (folded into Encoders area)

* New `FuzzableCode.Parsers.cs` (12 targets): `NodeId.Parse`,
`ExpandedNodeId.Parse`, `RelativePathFormatter.Parse`,
`QualifiedName.Parse`, `NumericRange.Parse`, `Uuid` round-trip (both
afl-string and libFuzzer-span signatures).
* New `Fuzzing/dictionaries/nodeid.dict`.

### Certificates / CRL / ASN.1 (NEW area)

* New `Fuzzing/Certificates/{Fuzz,Fuzz.Tests,Fuzz.Tools}` referencing
`Opc.Ua.Security.Certificates` + `Opc.Ua.Core`.
* Targets (20 total): `X509CRL(byte[])` → `EnsureDecoded`,
`X509SubjectAltNameExtension` / `X509AuthorityKeyIdentifierExtension` /
`X509CrlNumberExtension` raw-ASN.1 decoders,
`PEMReader.ImportPublicKeysFromPEM` / `ImportRsaPrivateKeyFromPEM`,
`Pkcs10CertificationRequest`, `AsnUtils.ParseX509Blob` + `AsnReader`
sequence/integer helpers.
* `Certificates.Testcases.cs` builds an RSA cert / CRL / CSR with the
existing builders and emits raw DER + PEM seeds.
* New `Fuzzing/dictionaries/asn1.dict` (DER tags, context-class tags,
length-form sentinels, OID prefixes).

### Network area via `Opc.Ua.Bindings.Pcap` (NO Core changes, NEW area)

* New `Fuzzing/Network/{Fuzz,Fuzz.Tests,Fuzz.Tools}`, multi-targeted
`net8.0;net9.0;net10.0` to match the pcap binding matrix (excluded from
net48/net472).
* **Stateless targets**: `OpcUaFrameParser.Process` (TCP segment → UA-SC
chunk splitter), `TcpStreamReassembler.Process` (raw TCP reassembly),
`OfflineSecureChannel.ReadChunk` (UA-SC symmetric decrypt + verify via
`UaSCUaBinaryChannel.ReadSymmetricMessage` → every security profile
covered through the binding), `ServiceCallReassembler.Push` (chunk →
decoded service call).
* **Stateful libFuzzer-only targets**: `MockServerReplay` /
`MockClientReplay` drivers in a separate target list so cheap stateless
targets dominate throughput.
* Deterministic test-only `ChannelKeyMaterial` via
`SecurityPolicies.None`.
* `Network.Testcases.cs` emits synthetic Hello/Ack/Err/Rhe/MSG seeds via
`LoopbackFrameBuilder`. Live handshake recorder is out of scope for this
PR (degraded mode documented).
* `Network.Fuzz` host does **not** instantiate `NicCaptureSource` — the
AFL/libFuzzer process never opens raw sockets.
* New `Fuzzing/dictionaries/uasc.dict` (MSG/OPN/CLO/HEL/ACK/ERR/RHE
magic + chunk-type bytes + security-policy URI prefixes) and `tcp.dict`
(Ethernet/IPv4/TCP framing markers).

### `Opc.Ua.Core` UA-SC parse seam (complements 4a)

* New `Stack/Opc.Ua.Core/Stack/Tcp/TcpMessageParsers.cs` — `internal
static` helpers for the pre-crypto, pre-auth chunk surface NOT covered
by the pcap binding: `TryParseChunkHeader`, `ReadHelloMessage`,
`ReadAcknowledgeMessage`, `ReadErrorMessage`, `ReadReverseHelloMessage`,
`ReadAsymmetricMessageHeader`.
* **No production-code refactor** (Strategy B): the new internal helpers
are an independent parse seam, not a refactor of the entangled private
channel methods. Existing `ProcessHelloMessage` /
`ProcessReverseHelloMessage` / asym-header decode paths are untouched.
Behaviour is byte-identical (verified — Opc.Ua.Core.Tests Tcp subset 7/7
passing).
* Surface via `<InternalsVisibleTo Include="Network.Fuzz" />` (+
matching Tools and Tests entries because the linked
`FuzzableCode.Transport.cs` compiles from all three host projects).
* New `Fuzzing/Network/Fuzz/FuzzableCode.Transport.cs` (12 targets) +
`Fuzzing/Network/Fuzz.Tools/Transport.Testcases.cs` (seeds under
`Testcases.Tcp.*`).

### Integration

* `UA.slnx`: add the 6 new fuzz projects, 4 new shared harness `.cs`
files, 5 new dictionaries, and the new `fuzz-menu.ps1` script — all
under the right `/Fuzzing/<Area>/` solution folders.
* Rewrite `Fuzzing/Fuzzing.md`: areas table, per-area dictionaries,
dynamic target-menu, step-by-step "how to add a new fuzz area" recipe,
Network area's replay-driven seed pipeline + key-material discipline,
pcap binding dependency note.
* Cross-link from `Docs/README.md` to `Fuzzing/Fuzzing.md`.
* Fix `.Order()` → `.OrderBy()` in shared scaffolding
(`.Order(IComparer)` is net7+; the harness compiles on net48/net472 for
the Encoders + Certificates test matrices).

## Verification

| Project | TFM | Tests | Result |
|---|---|---|---|
| `Encoders.Fuzz.Tests` | net10.0 | 4131 | ✅ 0 failed |
| `Certificates.Fuzz.Tests` | net10.0 | 220 | ✅ 0 failed |
| `Network.Fuzz.Tests` | net10.0 | 330 | ✅ 0 failed |
| **Total** |  | **4681** | **✅ 0 failed** |

* Full `dotnet build UA.slnx` (all TFMs, including
net48/net472/net8/net9/net10): **0 errors**, warning count unchanged
from baseline.
* `Network.Fuzz` multi-TFM build: **net8.0 + net9.0 + net10.0** all
green.
* `Opc.Ua.Core` build: **0 errors, 0 warnings** after Phase 4b seam
addition.

## Notes for reviewers

* **Base branch**: `channelrefinements2`, not `master`. The pcap binding
(`Stack/Opc.Ua.Bindings.Pcap`) only exists on the channelrefinements
line.
* **Real keylog / key material**: never committed. All Network seed
corpora use deterministic material generated from fixture test
certificates via the binding's own replay helpers.
* **`.der` test assets**: force-added with `git add -f` (consistent with
the existing intentional exception at
`Tests/Opc.Ua.Security.Certificates.Tests/Assets/OPC Foundation Root CA
[...].der`); the repo-wide `*.der` gitignore otherwise excludes them.
* **Out of scope** (documented as fold-ins for future work):
`PcapFileReader` / `PcapNgFileWriter` / `UaKeyLogTextReader` /
`UaKeyLogJsonReader` defensive parser fuzzing; live handshake recorder
for `Network.Testcases.cs`; real loopback replay drivers (current
implementation uses synthetic replay).

## Checklist

- [ ] I have signed the
[CLA](https://opcfoundation.org/license/cla/ContributorLicenseAgreementv1.0.pdf)
and read the
[CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md)
doc.
- [x] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my
feature works and increased code coverage.
- [x] I have added all necessary documentation.
- [x] I have verified that my changes do not introduce (new) build or
analyzer warnings.
- [ ] I ran **all** tests locally using the **UA.slnx** solution against
at least .net **framework** and .net **10**, and all passed. _(Fuzz
suites verified on net10.0: 4681/4681 passing. Full UA.slnx build green
on all TFMs. Full repo-wide test run not yet executed on net48 —
pre-existing tests unaffected by these changes; only
`Stack/Opc.Ua.Core/Stack/Tcp/TcpMessageParsers.cs` is new and is gated
behind `<InternalsVisibleTo>`.)_
- [ ] I fixed **all** failing and flaky tests in the CI pipelines and
**all** CodeQL warnings.
- [ ] I have addressed **all** PR feedback received.
2026-06-12 10:15:28 +02:00

185 lines
6.8 KiB
C#

/* ========================================================================
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*
* OPC Foundation MIT License 1.00
*
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* HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY,
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* ======================================================================*/
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Diagnostics.Metrics;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Serilog;
using Serilog.Events;
using Serilog.Templates;
namespace Opc.Ua.Fuzzing
{
/// <summary>
/// Simple console based telemetry
/// </summary>
public sealed class Logging : ITelemetryContext, IDisposable
{
public Logging(Action<ILoggingBuilder> configure = null)
{
LoggerFactory = Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LoggerFactory
.Create(builder =>
{
builder.SetMinimumLevel(LogLevel.Information);
configure?.Invoke(builder);
});
try
{
LoggerFactory = LoggerFactory.AddSerilog(Log.Logger);
}
catch
{
LoggerFactory.Dispose();
throw;
}
ActivitySource = new ActivitySource("Fuzzing", "1.0.0");
m_logger = LoggerFactory.CreateLogger("Main");
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += CurrentDomain_UnhandledException;
TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException += Unobserved_TaskException;
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public ILoggerFactory LoggerFactory { get; internal set; }
/// <inheritdoc/>
public Meter CreateMeter()
{
return new Meter("Fuzzing", "1.0.0");
}
/// <inheritdoc/>
public ActivitySource ActivitySource { get; }
/// <inheritdoc/>
public void Dispose()
{
CreateMeter().Dispose();
ActivitySource.Dispose();
LoggerFactory.Dispose();
AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException -= CurrentDomain_UnhandledException;
TaskScheduler.UnobservedTaskException -= Unobserved_TaskException;
}
/// <summary>
/// Configure the logging providers.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Replaces the Opc.Ua.Core default ILogger with a
/// Microsoft.Extension.Logger with a Serilog file, debug and console logger.
/// The debug logger is only enabled for debug builds.
/// The console logger is enabled by the logConsole flag at the consoleLogLevel.
/// The file logger uses the setting in the ApplicationConfiguration.
/// The Trace logLevel is chosen if required by the Tracemasks.
/// </remarks>
/// <param name="context">The context name for the logger. </param>
/// <param name="outputFilePath">The output file.</param>
/// <param name="logConsole">Enable logging to the console.</param>
/// <param name="consoleLogLevel">The LogLevel to use for the console/debug.<
/// /param>
public void Configure(
string context,
string outputFilePath,
bool logConsole,
LogLevel consoleLogLevel)
{
LoggerConfiguration loggerConfiguration = new LoggerConfiguration().Enrich
.FromLogContext();
if (logConsole)
{
loggerConfiguration.WriteTo.Console(
restrictedToMinimumLevel: (LogEventLevel)consoleLogLevel,
formatProvider: CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
}
#if DEBUG
else
{
loggerConfiguration.WriteTo.Debug(
restrictedToMinimumLevel: (LogEventLevel)consoleLogLevel,
formatProvider: CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
}
#endif
const LogLevel fileLevel = LogLevel.Information;
// add file logging if configured
if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(outputFilePath))
{
loggerConfiguration.WriteTo.File(
new ExpressionTemplate(
"{UtcDateTime(@t):yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss.fff} [{@l:u3}] {@m}\n{@x}"),
Utils.ReplaceSpecialFolderNames(outputFilePath),
restrictedToMinimumLevel: (LogEventLevel)fileLevel,
rollOnFileSizeLimit: true
);
}
// adjust minimum level
if (fileLevel < LogLevel.Information || consoleLogLevel < LogLevel.Information)
{
loggerConfiguration.MinimumLevel.Verbose();
}
// create the serilog logger
Serilog.Core.Logger serilogger = loggerConfiguration.CreateLogger();
// create the ILogger for Opc.Ua.Core
LoggerFactory = LoggerFactory.AddSerilog(serilogger);
m_logger = LoggerFactory.CreateLogger("Main");
}
private void CurrentDomain_UnhandledException(
object sender,
UnhandledExceptionEventArgs args)
{
m_logger.LogCritical(
"Unhandled Exception: {ExceptionObject} IsTerminating: {IsTerminating}",
args.ExceptionObject,
args.IsTerminating);
}
private void Unobserved_TaskException(
object sender,
UnobservedTaskExceptionEventArgs args)
{
m_logger.LogCritical(args.Exception,
"Unobserved Exception: Observed: {Observed}",
args.Observed);
}
private Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.ILogger m_logger;
}
}