UA-.NETStandard/tests/Opc.Ua.Client.Tests/Session/SessionKeepAliveTests.cs

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using System;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Time.Testing;
using Moq;
using NUnit.Framework;
using Opc.Ua.Tests;

#pragma warning disable CA2000, CA2007

namespace Opc.Ua.Client.Tests
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Tests for the keep alive liveness bookkeeping of <see cref="Session"/>.
    /// </summary>
    /// <remarks>
    /// Regression coverage for
    /// https://github.com/OPCFoundation/UA-.NETStandard/issues/4317:
    /// <see cref="Session.RequestCompleted"/> defers the keep alive read on every
    /// good service response, so under steady request traffic the read never
    /// fires. The freshness timestamp <see cref="Session.KeepAliveStopped"/> is
    /// judged against therefore has to be refreshed by those responses as well,
    /// otherwise the first pause in traffic reports BadNoCommunication on a
    /// perfectly healthy session.
    /// </remarks>
    [TestFixture]
    [Parallelizable]
    [Category("Client")]
    [Category("Session")]
    [Category("KeepAlive")]
    public sealed class SessionKeepAliveTests
    {
        private const int kKeepAliveInterval = 5_000;

        /// <summary>
        /// KeepAliveInterval * m_keepAliveIntervalFactor (1) + m_keepAliveGuardBand (1000).
        /// </summary>
        private static readonly TimeSpan s_pastKeepAliveThreshold =
            TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(kKeepAliveInterval + 1_000 + 1);

        [Test]
        public void KeepAliveStoppedTripsWhenNothingIsHeardFromTheServer()
        {
            var timeProvider = new FakeTimeProvider();
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(timeProvider);

            Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.False);

            timeProvider.Advance(s_pastKeepAliveThreshold);

            Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.True);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Steady traffic keeps the session alive even though the keep alive read
        /// is deferred by every response and consequently never fires.
        /// </summary>
        [Test]
        public void GoodResponsesKeepTheSessionAliveWhileTheKeepAliveReadIsDeferred()
        {
            var timeProvider = new FakeTimeProvider();
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(timeProvider);

            long initialTimestamp = session.LastKeepAliveTimestamp;

            // a request every 2 s for 20 s - each response defers the keep alive
            // read by a full interval, so no keep alive read is ever sent.
            for (int ii = 0; ii < 10; ii++)
            {
                timeProvider.Advance(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
                session.CompleteRequest(StatusCodes.Good);

                Assert.That(
                    session.KeepAliveStopped,
                    Is.False,
                    $"the server answered 2000 ms ago (iteration {ii})");
            }

            Assert.Multiple(() =>
            {
                Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.False);
                Assert.That(session.LastKeepAliveTimestamp, Is.GreaterThan(initialTimestamp));
            });

            // once the traffic stops the session must still detect the silence.
            timeProvider.Advance(s_pastKeepAliveThreshold);

            Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.True);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// A good response also revives a timestamp that already went stale but
        /// has not been reported as an error yet - the keep alive read is still
        /// in flight, the worker is skipping while reconnecting, or its tick is
        /// late. Without this no traffic could rescue the session from the
        /// spurious BadNoCommunication the worker is about to raise.
        /// </summary>
        [Test]
        public void GoodResponseRevivesAStaleTimestampWhenNoErrorIsLatched()
        {
            var timeProvider = new FakeTimeProvider();
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(timeProvider);

            timeProvider.Advance(s_pastKeepAliveThreshold);
            Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.True);

            session.CompleteRequest(StatusCodes.Good);

            Assert.That(
                session.KeepAliveStopped,
                Is.False,
                "a good response must count as proof of liveness");
        }

        [Test]
        public void BadResponsesDoNotRefreshTheKeepAliveTimestamp()
        {
            var timeProvider = new FakeTimeProvider();
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(timeProvider);

            long initialTimestamp = session.LastKeepAliveTimestamp;

            timeProvider.Advance(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(3_000));
            session.CompleteRequest(StatusCodes.BadTimeout);

            Assert.That(session.LastKeepAliveTimestamp, Is.EqualTo(initialTimestamp));

            timeProvider.Advance(s_pastKeepAliveThreshold - TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(3_000));

            Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.True);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// A latched keep alive error is only cleared by an actual keep alive
        /// response, never by unrelated traffic.
        /// </summary>
        [Test]
        public void LatchedKeepAliveErrorIsNotClearedByAGoodResponse()
        {
            var timeProvider = new FakeTimeProvider();
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(timeProvider);

            session.RaiseKeepAliveError(StatusCodes.BadTimeout);
            Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.True);

            session.CompleteRequest(StatusCodes.Good);

            Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.True);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// After BadNoCommunication was reported the recovery branch of
        /// OnKeepAlive must still run, i.e. good responses arriving before the
        /// keep alive read completes must not silently mark the session as
        /// healthy again.
        /// </summary>
        [Test]
        public void RecoveryAfterBadNoCommunicationIsHandledByTheKeepAliveResponse()
        {
            var timeProvider = new FakeTimeProvider();
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(timeProvider);

            timeProvider.Advance(s_pastKeepAliveThreshold);
            session.RaiseKeepAliveError(StatusCodes.BadNoCommunication);

            // the keep alive read itself completes as a good response first.
            session.CompleteRequest(StatusCodes.Good);
            Assert.That(
                session.KeepAliveStopped,
                Is.True,
                "the keep alive error must survive until OnKeepAlive handled it");

            session.RaiseKeepAlive();

            Assert.Multiple(() =>
            {
                Assert.That(
                    session.KeepAliveStoppedOnEnteringOnKeepAlive,
                    Is.True,
                    "OnKeepAlive must take the recovery branch");
                Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.False);
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Once the transport channel is detached the keep alive read fails with
        /// BadSecureChannelClosed, which the keep alive worker reports through
        /// OnKeepAliveError, and the next tick reports BadNoCommunication.
        /// Neither report may dereference the missing channel: the endpoint url
        /// in the log comes from the configured endpoint, not from the channel.
        /// </summary>
        [Test]
        public void KeepAliveReadFailureIsReportedAfterTheChannelIsDetached()
        {
            AssertKeepAliveErrorIsReportedAfterTheChannelIsDetached(
                StatusCodes.BadSecureChannelClosed);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// See <see cref="KeepAliveReadFailureIsReportedAfterTheChannelIsDetached"/>;
        /// BadNoCommunication additionally logs KEEP ALIVE LATE with the endpoint url.
        /// </summary>
        [Test]
        public void KeepAliveLateIsReportedAfterTheChannelIsDetached()
        {
            AssertKeepAliveErrorIsReportedAfterTheChannelIsDetached(
                StatusCodes.BadNoCommunication);
        }

        private static void AssertKeepAliveErrorIsReportedAfterTheChannelIsDetached(
            StatusCode statusCode)
        {
            var timeProvider = new FakeTimeProvider();
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(timeProvider);
            StatusCode reported = StatusCodes.Good;
            session.KeepAlive += (_, e) => reported = e.Status?.StatusCode ?? StatusCodes.Good;

#pragma warning disable CS0618 // DetachChannel is obsolete
            session.DetachChannel();
#pragma warning restore CS0618

            timeProvider.Advance(s_pastKeepAliveThreshold);
            Assert.DoesNotThrow(() => session.RaiseKeepAliveError(statusCode));

            Assert.Multiple(() =>
            {
                Assert.That(reported, Is.EqualTo(statusCode));
                Assert.That(session.KeepAliveStopped, Is.True);
            });
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// The keep alive read on a detached channel fails with a service error
        /// the keep alive worker handles, not with an unexpected exception.
        /// </summary>
        [Test]
        public async Task KeepAliveReadAfterTheChannelIsDetachedFailsWithBadSecureChannelClosed()
        {
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(new FakeTimeProvider());

#pragma warning disable CS0618 // DetachChannel is obsolete
            session.DetachChannel();
#pragma warning restore CS0618

            ServiceResultException sre = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<ServiceResultException>(
                async () => await session.ReadAsync(
                    new RequestHeader(),
                    0,
                    TimestampsToReturn.Neither,
                    new[]
                    {
                        new ReadValueId
                        {
                            NodeId = VariableIds.Server_ServerStatus_State,
                            AttributeId = Attributes.Value
                        }
                    }.ToArrayOf(),
                    default).ConfigureAwait(false));

            Assert.That(sre.StatusCode, Is.EqualTo(StatusCodes.BadSecureChannelClosed));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Responses do not move the keep alive timer each time; the timer moves
        /// itself when it fires. The keep alive read must still be sent exactly
        /// one interval after the last response, and not while responses keep
        /// arriving.
        /// </summary>
        [Test]
        [CancelAfter(30000)]
        public async Task TheKeepAliveReadIsSentOneIntervalAfterTheLastResponseAsync()
        {
            var timeProvider = new FakeTimeProvider();
            using var readSent = new SemaphoreSlim(0);
            using KeepAliveTestSession session = CreateSession(
                timeProvider,
                channel => channel
                    .Setup(c => c.SendRequestAsync(It.IsAny<IServiceRequest>(), It.IsAny<CancellationToken>()))
                    .Returns((IServiceRequest request, CancellationToken _) =>
                    {
                        readSent.Release();
                        return new ValueTask<IServiceResponse>(CreateKeepAliveResponse(request));
                    }));
            session.SessionCreated(new NodeId(1u, 1), new NodeId(2u, 1));

            // the first keep alive read is sent right away.
            await session.StartKeepAliveTimerAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
            Assert.That(await readSent.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10)).ConfigureAwait(false), Is.True);

            // a response every 2 s for 20 s: no keep alive read.
            for (int ii = 0; ii < 10; ii++)
            {
                timeProvider.Advance(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));
                session.CompleteRequest(StatusCodes.Good);
                Assert.That(
                    await readSent.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(100)).ConfigureAwait(false),
                    Is.False,
                    $"the last response was received {ii * 2000} ms after the previous one");
            }

            // traffic stops: nothing until a full interval after the last response.
            timeProvider.Advance(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(kKeepAliveInterval - 10));
            Assert.That(
                await readSent.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(200)).ConfigureAwait(false),
                Is.False);

            timeProvider.Advance(TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(20));
            Assert.That(await readSent.WaitAsync(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10)).ConfigureAwait(false), Is.True);
        }

        private static ReadResponse CreateKeepAliveResponse(IServiceRequest request)
        {
            return new ReadResponse
            {
                ResponseHeader = new ResponseHeader
                {
                    RequestHandle = request.RequestHeader.RequestHandle,
                    ServiceResult = StatusCodes.Good,
                    Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow
                },
                Results = new[] { new DataValue(new Variant((int)ServerState.Running)) }.ToArrayOf()
            };
        }

        private static KeepAliveTestSession CreateSession(
            TimeProvider timeProvider,
            Action<Mock<ITransportChannel>>? setupChannel = null)
        {
            ITelemetryContext telemetry = NUnitTelemetryContext.Create();
            ApplicationConfiguration configuration = CreateClientConfiguration(telemetry);
            IServiceMessageContext messageContext = configuration.CreateMessageContext();
            var channel = new Mock<ITransportChannel>();
            channel.SetupGet(c => c.MessageContext).Returns(messageContext);
            setupChannel?.Invoke(channel);

            var session = new KeepAliveTestSession(
                channel.Object,
                configuration,
                CreateEndpoint(),
                timeProvider)
            {
                KeepAliveInterval = kKeepAliveInterval
            };

            // establish the initial liveness baseline the keep alive timer start
            // would normally provide, then forget what that call observed.
            session.RaiseKeepAlive();
            session.ResetKeepAliveObservation();

            return session;
        }

        private static ApplicationConfiguration CreateClientConfiguration(
            ITelemetryContext telemetry)
        {
            return new ApplicationConfiguration(telemetry)
            {
                ApplicationName = "SessionKeepAliveTests",
                ApplicationType = ApplicationType.Client,
                ApplicationUri = "urn:localhost:SessionKeepAliveTests",
                ProductUri = "urn:localhost:SessionKeepAliveTests",
                ClientConfiguration = new ClientConfiguration
                {
                    DefaultSessionTimeout = 60000,
                    MinSubscriptionLifetime = 10000
                },
                SecurityConfiguration = new SecurityConfiguration
                {
                    ApplicationCertificate = new CertificateIdentifier()
                },
                TransportQuotas = new TransportQuotas { OperationTimeout = 6000 }
            };
        }

        private static ConfiguredEndpoint CreateEndpoint()
        {
            var description = new EndpointDescription
            {
                EndpointUrl = "opc.tcp://localhost:4840",
                SecurityMode = MessageSecurityMode.None,
                SecurityPolicyUri = SecurityPolicies.None,
                TransportProfileUri = Profiles.UaTcpTransport,
                UserIdentityTokens =
                [
                    new UserTokenPolicy
                    {
                        PolicyId = "anonymous",
                        TokenType = UserTokenType.Anonymous,
                        SecurityPolicyUri = SecurityPolicies.None
                    }
                ]
            };
            description.Server.ApplicationUri = description.EndpointUrl;
            description.Server.ApplicationType = ApplicationType.Server;

            return new ConfiguredEndpoint(
                null,
                description,
                new EndpointConfiguration { OperationTimeout = 6000 })
            {
                UpdateBeforeConnect = false
            };
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Exposes the protected keep alive hooks so the handling of service
        /// responses can be driven without a server.
        /// </summary>
        private sealed class KeepAliveTestSession : Session
        {
            public KeepAliveTestSession(
                ITransportChannel channel,
                ApplicationConfiguration configuration,
                ConfiguredEndpoint endpoint,
                TimeProvider timeProvider)
                : base(channel, configuration, endpoint, timeProvider: timeProvider)
            {
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// The value of <see cref="Session.KeepAliveStopped"/> observed when
            /// <see cref="OnKeepAlive"/> was entered the last time.
            /// </summary>
            public bool? KeepAliveStoppedOnEnteringOnKeepAlive { get; private set; }

            /// <summary>
            /// Discards what <see cref="OnKeepAlive"/> observed so far.
            /// </summary>
            public void ResetKeepAliveObservation()
            {
                KeepAliveStoppedOnEnteringOnKeepAlive = null;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Simulates a completed service call with the given service result.
            /// </summary>
            public void CompleteRequest(StatusCode serviceResult)
            {
                RequestCompleted(
                    new ReadRequest { RequestHeader = new RequestHeader() },
                    new ReadResponse
                    {
                        ResponseHeader = new ResponseHeader { ServiceResult = serviceResult }
                    },
                    nameof(Read));
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Simulates a successful keep alive read response.
            /// </summary>
            public void RaiseKeepAlive()
            {
                OnKeepAlive(ServerState.Running, DateTime.UtcNow);
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Simulates a failed keep alive read.
            /// </summary>
            public void RaiseKeepAliveError(StatusCode statusCode)
            {
                OnKeepAliveError(new ServiceResult(statusCode));
            }

            protected override void OnKeepAlive(ServerState currentState, DateTime currentTime)
            {
                KeepAliveStoppedOnEnteringOnKeepAlive = KeepAliveStopped;
                base.OnKeepAlive(currentState, currentTime);
            }
        }
    }
}