mirror of
https://github.com/kvcache-ai/ktransformers.git
synced 2026-10-23 02:00:23 +08:00
ovowei
338 lines
16 KiB
HTML
338 lines
16 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
|
||
<html lang="zh-CN" class="light sidebar-visible" dir="ltr">
|
||
<head>
|
||
<!-- Book generated using mdBook -->
|
||
<meta charset="UTF-8">
|
||
<title>Multi-GPU Tutorial - Ktransformers</title>
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Custom HTML head -->
|
||
|
||
<meta name="description" content="">
|
||
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
|
||
<meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff">
|
||
|
||
<link rel="icon" href="../favicon.svg">
|
||
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.png">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/variables.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/general.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/chrome.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/print.css" media="print">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Fonts -->
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../FontAwesome/css/font-awesome.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../fonts/fonts.css">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Highlight.js Stylesheets -->
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" id="highlight-css" href="../highlight.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" id="tomorrow-night-css" href="../tomorrow-night.css">
|
||
<link rel="stylesheet" id="ayu-highlight-css" href="../ayu-highlight.css">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Custom theme stylesheets -->
|
||
|
||
|
||
<!-- Provide site root and default themes to javascript -->
|
||
<script>
|
||
const path_to_root = "../";
|
||
const default_light_theme = "light";
|
||
const default_dark_theme = "navy";
|
||
window.path_to_searchindex_js = "../searchindex.js";
|
||
</script>
|
||
<!-- Start loading toc.js asap -->
|
||
<script src="../toc.js"></script>
|
||
</head>
|
||
<body>
|
||
<div id="mdbook-help-container">
|
||
<div id="mdbook-help-popup">
|
||
<h2 class="mdbook-help-title">Keyboard shortcuts</h2>
|
||
<div>
|
||
<p>Press <kbd>←</kbd> or <kbd>→</kbd> to navigate between chapters</p>
|
||
<p>Press <kbd>S</kbd> or <kbd>/</kbd> to search in the book</p>
|
||
<p>Press <kbd>?</kbd> to show this help</p>
|
||
<p>Press <kbd>Esc</kbd> to hide this help</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<div id="body-container">
|
||
<!-- Work around some values being stored in localStorage wrapped in quotes -->
|
||
<script>
|
||
try {
|
||
let theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme');
|
||
let sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar');
|
||
|
||
if (theme.startsWith('"') && theme.endsWith('"')) {
|
||
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-theme', theme.slice(1, theme.length - 1));
|
||
}
|
||
|
||
if (sidebar.startsWith('"') && sidebar.endsWith('"')) {
|
||
localStorage.setItem('mdbook-sidebar', sidebar.slice(1, sidebar.length - 1));
|
||
}
|
||
} catch (e) { }
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Set the theme before any content is loaded, prevents flash -->
|
||
<script>
|
||
const default_theme = window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: dark)").matches ? default_dark_theme : default_light_theme;
|
||
let theme;
|
||
try { theme = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-theme'); } catch(e) { }
|
||
if (theme === null || theme === undefined) { theme = default_theme; }
|
||
const html = document.documentElement;
|
||
html.classList.remove('light')
|
||
html.classList.add(theme);
|
||
html.classList.add("js");
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<input type="checkbox" id="sidebar-toggle-anchor" class="hidden">
|
||
|
||
<!-- Hide / unhide sidebar before it is displayed -->
|
||
<script>
|
||
let sidebar = null;
|
||
const sidebar_toggle = document.getElementById("sidebar-toggle-anchor");
|
||
if (document.body.clientWidth >= 1080) {
|
||
try { sidebar = localStorage.getItem('mdbook-sidebar'); } catch(e) { }
|
||
sidebar = sidebar || 'visible';
|
||
} else {
|
||
sidebar = 'hidden';
|
||
sidebar_toggle.checked = false;
|
||
}
|
||
if (sidebar === 'visible') {
|
||
sidebar_toggle.checked = true;
|
||
} else {
|
||
html.classList.remove('sidebar-visible');
|
||
}
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<nav id="sidebar" class="sidebar" aria-label="Table of contents">
|
||
<!-- populated by js -->
|
||
<mdbook-sidebar-scrollbox class="sidebar-scrollbox"></mdbook-sidebar-scrollbox>
|
||
<noscript>
|
||
<iframe class="sidebar-iframe-outer" src="../toc.html"></iframe>
|
||
</noscript>
|
||
<div id="sidebar-resize-handle" class="sidebar-resize-handle">
|
||
<div class="sidebar-resize-indicator"></div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
<div id="page-wrapper" class="page-wrapper">
|
||
|
||
<div class="page">
|
||
<div id="menu-bar-hover-placeholder"></div>
|
||
<div id="menu-bar" class="menu-bar sticky">
|
||
<div class="left-buttons">
|
||
<label id="sidebar-toggle" class="icon-button" for="sidebar-toggle-anchor" title="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-label="Toggle Table of Contents" aria-controls="sidebar">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-bars"></i>
|
||
</label>
|
||
<button id="theme-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Change theme" aria-label="Change theme" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="theme-list">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-paint-brush"></i>
|
||
</button>
|
||
<ul id="theme-list" class="theme-popup" aria-label="Themes" role="menu">
|
||
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="default_theme">Auto</button></li>
|
||
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="light">Light</button></li>
|
||
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="rust">Rust</button></li>
|
||
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="coal">Coal</button></li>
|
||
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="navy">Navy</button></li>
|
||
<li role="none"><button role="menuitem" class="theme" id="ayu">Ayu</button></li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<button id="search-toggle" class="icon-button" type="button" title="Search (`/`)" aria-label="Toggle Searchbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-keyshortcuts="/ s" aria-controls="searchbar">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-search"></i>
|
||
</button>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<h1 class="menu-title">Ktransformers</h1>
|
||
|
||
<div class="right-buttons">
|
||
<a href="../print.html" title="Print this book" aria-label="Print this book">
|
||
<i id="print-button" class="fa fa-print"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/kvcache-ai/ktransformers" title="Git repository" aria-label="Git repository">
|
||
<i id="git-repository-button" class="fa fa-github"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
<a href="https://github.com/kvcache-ai/ktransformers/edit/main/doc/en/multi-gpu-tutorial.md" title="Suggest an edit" aria-label="Suggest an edit" rel="edit">
|
||
<i id="git-edit-button" class="fa fa-edit"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="search-wrapper" class="hidden">
|
||
<form id="searchbar-outer" class="searchbar-outer">
|
||
<div class="search-wrapper">
|
||
<input type="search" id="searchbar" name="searchbar" placeholder="Search this book ..." aria-controls="searchresults-outer" aria-describedby="searchresults-header">
|
||
<div class="spinner-wrapper">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</form>
|
||
<div id="searchresults-outer" class="searchresults-outer hidden">
|
||
<div id="searchresults-header" class="searchresults-header"></div>
|
||
<ul id="searchresults">
|
||
</ul>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Apply ARIA attributes after the sidebar and the sidebar toggle button are added to the DOM -->
|
||
<script>
|
||
document.getElementById('sidebar-toggle').setAttribute('aria-expanded', sidebar === 'visible');
|
||
document.getElementById('sidebar').setAttribute('aria-hidden', sidebar !== 'visible');
|
||
Array.from(document.querySelectorAll('#sidebar a')).forEach(function(link) {
|
||
link.setAttribute('tabIndex', sidebar === 'visible' ? 0 : -1);
|
||
});
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<div id="content" class="content">
|
||
<main>
|
||
<h1 id="muti-gpu"><a class="header" href="#muti-gpu">Muti-GPU</a></h1>
|
||
<p>Assume you have read the <a href="./injection_tutorial.html">Injection Tutorial</a> and have a basic understanding of how to inject a model. In this tutorial, we will show you how to use KTransformers to run a model on multiple GPUs.</p>
|
||
<p>If you have multiple GPUs, you can set the device for each module to different GPUs.
|
||
DeepseekV2-Chat got 60 layers, if we got 2 GPUs, we can allocate 30 layers to each GPU. Complete multi GPU rule examples <a href="https://github.com/kvcache-ai/ktransformers/blob/main/ktransformers/optimize/optimize_rules/DeepSeek-V3-Chat-multi-gpu.yaml">here</a>.</p>
|
||
<p align="center">
|
||
<picture>
|
||
<img alt="Inject-Struction" src="../assets/multi_gpu.png" width=60%>
|
||
</picture>
|
||
</p>
|
||
<p>First of all, for multi-GPU, we have to inject an new operator <code>KDeepseekV2Model</code>. And set division of the layers to different GPUs. For our case, we have to set the <code>transfer_map</code> in the <code>KDeepseekV2Model</code> operatoras as follows:</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="language-yaml">- match:
|
||
name: "^model$"
|
||
replace:
|
||
class: "ktransformers.operators.models.KDeepseekV2Model"
|
||
kwargs:
|
||
transfer_map:
|
||
30: "cuda:1"
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>And we have to set the device for each module in the model.</p>
|
||
<p>For example, for <code>routed experts</code>, the yaml for one GPU is:</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="language-yaml">- match:
|
||
name: "^model\\.layers\\..*\\.mlp\\.experts$"
|
||
replace:
|
||
class: ktransformers.operators.experts.KTransformersExperts # Custom MoE kernel with expert parallelism
|
||
kwargs:
|
||
generate_device: "cuda:0"
|
||
generate_op: "MLPCUDAExperts"
|
||
out_device: "cuda:0"
|
||
recursive: False # Don't recursively inject submodules of this module
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>But for two GPUs, we need to set the device for each module in the model.</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="language-yaml"># allcate 0-29 layers‘s out_device to cuda:0
|
||
- match:
|
||
name: "^model\\.layers\\.(0|[1-9]|[12][0-9])\\.mlp\\.experts$"
|
||
replace:
|
||
class: ktransformers.operators.experts.KTransformersExperts # custom MoE Kernel with expert paralleism
|
||
kwargs:
|
||
generate_device: "cpu"
|
||
generate_op: "KExpertsCPU"
|
||
out_device: "cuda:0"
|
||
recursive: False # don't recursively inject submodules of this module
|
||
|
||
# allocate 30-59 layers‘s out_device to cuda:1
|
||
- match:
|
||
name: "^model\\.layers\\.([345][0-9])\\.mlp\\.experts$"
|
||
replace:
|
||
class: ktransformers.operators.experts.KTransformersExperts # custom MoE Kernel with expert paralleism
|
||
kwargs:
|
||
generate_device: "cpu"
|
||
generate_op: "KExpertsCPU"
|
||
out_device: "cuda:1"
|
||
recursive: False # don't recursively inject submodules of this module
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>For other modules, we can set the device in the same way.</p>
|
||
<h1 id="how-to-fully-utilize-multi-gpus-vram"><a class="header" href="#how-to-fully-utilize-multi-gpus-vram">How to fully utilize multi-GPU's VRAM</a></h1>
|
||
<p>When you have multiple GPUs, you can fully utilize the VRAM of each GPU by moving more weights to the GPU.</p>
|
||
<p>For example, for DeepSeekV2-Chat, we can move the weights of the experts to the GPU.</p>
|
||
<p>For example, the yaml for two GPUs is:</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="language-yaml">- match:
|
||
name: "^model\\.layers\\.(0|[1-9]|[12][0-9])\\.mlp\\.experts$"
|
||
replace:
|
||
class: ktransformers.operators.experts.KTransformersExperts
|
||
kwargs:
|
||
generate_device: "cpu"
|
||
generate_op: "KExpertsCPU"
|
||
out_device: "cuda:0"
|
||
recursive: False
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>But we got extra 60GB VRAM on cuda:0, we can move experts in layer 4~8 to cuda:0.</p>
|
||
<pre><code class="language-yaml"># Add new rule before old rule.
|
||
- match:
|
||
name: "^model\\.layers\\.([4-8])\\.mlp\\.experts$" # inject experts in layer 4~8 as marlin expert
|
||
replace:
|
||
class: ktransformers.operators.experts.KTransformersExperts
|
||
kwargs:
|
||
generate_device: "cuda:0"
|
||
generate_op: "KExpertsMarlin"
|
||
recursive: False
|
||
|
||
- match:
|
||
name: "^model\\.layers\\.(0|[1-9]|[12][0-9])\\.mlp\\.experts$"
|
||
replace:
|
||
class: ktransformers.operators.experts.KTransformersExperts
|
||
kwargs:
|
||
generate_device: "cpu"
|
||
generate_op: "KExpertsCPU"
|
||
out_device: "cuda:0"
|
||
recursive: False
|
||
</code></pre>
|
||
<p>Adjust the layer range as you want. Note that:</p>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li>The loading speed will be significantly slower for each expert moved to the GPU.</li>
|
||
<li>You have to close the cuda graph if you want to move the experts to the GPU.</li>
|
||
<li>For DeepSeek-R1/V3, each expert moved to the GPU will consume approximately 6GB of VRAM.</li>
|
||
<li>The first matched rule in yaml will be applied. For example, if you have two rules that match the same layer, only the first rule's replacement will be valid.</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
|
||
</main>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="nav-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
|
||
<!-- Mobile navigation buttons -->
|
||
<a rel="prev" href="../en/injection_tutorial.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a rel="next prefetch" href="../en/fp8_kernel.html" class="mobile-nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<div style="clear: both"></div>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
</div>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<nav class="nav-wide-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation">
|
||
<a rel="prev" href="../en/injection_tutorial.html" class="nav-chapters previous" title="Previous chapter" aria-label="Previous chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Left">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-angle-left"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
|
||
<a rel="next prefetch" href="../en/fp8_kernel.html" class="nav-chapters next" title="Next chapter" aria-label="Next chapter" aria-keyshortcuts="Right">
|
||
<i class="fa fa-angle-right"></i>
|
||
</a>
|
||
</nav>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
<script>
|
||
window.playground_copyable = true;
|
||
</script>
|
||
|
||
<script src="../ace.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../mode-rust.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../editor.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../theme-dawn.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../theme-tomorrow_night.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<script src="../elasticlunr.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../mark.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../searcher.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<script src="../clipboard.min.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../highlight.js"></script>
|
||
<script src="../book.js"></script>
|
||
|
||
<!-- Custom JS scripts -->
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|