diff --git a/.github/workflows/check.yml b/.github/workflows/check.yml
index 03d4ab11..1ab62220 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/check.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/check.yml
@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ jobs:
           if [ "${{ matrix.plugin }}" = "mqtt" ]; then
             sudo apt-get install -y mosquitto
           fi
-          pip install -U pytest requests prometheus-client gmqtt pynng
+          pip install -U pytest requests prometheus-client gmqtt pynng sniffio
 
       - name: compile
         run: |
diff --git a/src/adapter/adapter.c b/src/adapter/adapter.c
index ad470c15..789dab89 100644
--- a/src/adapter/adapter.c
+++ b/src/adapter/adapter.c
@@ -264,16 +264,6 @@ neu_adapter_t *neu_adapter_create(neu_adapter_info_t *info, bool load)
     }
 }
 
-bool neu_adapter_reset(neu_adapter_t *adapter, neu_adapter_info_t *info)
-{
-    if (adapter->state == NEU_NODE_RUNNING_STATE_RUNNING) {
-        return false;
-    }
-    adapter->module = info->module;
-    adapter->handle = info->handle;
-    return true;
-}
-
 uint16_t neu_adapter_trans_data_port(neu_adapter_t *adapter)
 {
     return adapter->trans_data_port;
@@ -1284,13 +1274,6 @@ void neu_adapter_destroy(neu_adapter_t *adapter)
     free(adapter);
 }
 
-void neu_adapter_handle_close(neu_adapter_t *adapter)
-{
-    dlclose(adapter->handle);
-    adapter->handle = NULL;
-    adapter->module = NULL;
-}
-
 int neu_adapter_uninit(neu_adapter_t *adapter)
 {
     if (adapter->module->type == NEU_NA_TYPE_DRIVER) {
@@ -1424,16 +1407,6 @@ neu_node_state_t neu_adapter_get_state(neu_adapter_t *adapter)
     return state;
 }
 
-int neu_adapter_validate_tag(neu_adapter_t *adapter, neu_datatag_t *tag)
-{
-    const neu_plugin_intf_funs_t *intf_funs = adapter->module->intf_funs;
-    neu_err_code_e                error     = NEU_ERR_SUCCESS;
-
-    error = intf_funs->driver.validate_tag(adapter->plugin, tag);
-
-    return error;
-}
-
 neu_event_timer_t *neu_adapter_add_timer(neu_adapter_t *         adapter,
                                          neu_event_timer_param_t param)
 {
diff --git a/src/adapter/adapter_internal.h b/src/adapter/adapter_internal.h
index f2efb33c..0fd28be9 100644
--- a/src/adapter/adapter_internal.h
+++ b/src/adapter/adapter_internal.h
@@ -70,7 +70,6 @@ void neu_adapter_set_error(int error);
 uint16_t neu_adapter_trans_data_port(neu_adapter_t *adapter);
 
 neu_adapter_t *neu_adapter_create(neu_adapter_info_t *info, bool load);
-bool neu_adapter_reset(neu_adapter_t *adapter, neu_adapter_info_t *info);
 void neu_adapter_init(neu_adapter_t *adapter, neu_node_running_state_e state);
 
 int neu_adapter_rename(neu_adapter_t *adapter, const char *new_name);
@@ -84,7 +83,6 @@ neu_tag_cache_type_e neu_adapter_get_tag_cache_type(neu_adapter_t *adapter);
 
 int  neu_adapter_uninit(neu_adapter_t *adapter);
 void neu_adapter_destroy(neu_adapter_t *adapter);
-void neu_adapter_handle_close(neu_adapter_t *adapter);
 
 neu_event_timer_t *neu_adapter_add_timer(neu_adapter_t *         adapter,
                                          neu_event_timer_param_t param);
@@ -94,8 +92,6 @@ int neu_adapter_set_setting(neu_adapter_t *adapter, const char *config);
 int neu_adapter_get_setting(neu_adapter_t *adapter, char **config);
 neu_node_state_t neu_adapter_get_state(neu_adapter_t *adapter);
 
-int neu_adapter_validate_tag(neu_adapter_t *adapter, neu_datatag_t *tag);
-
 int  neu_adapter_register_group_metric(neu_adapter_t *adapter,
                                        const char *group_name, const char *name,
                                        const char *help, neu_metric_type_e type,
diff --git a/src/adapter/driver/cache.c b/src/adapter/driver/cache.c
index fa4fe395..cfc694d3 100644
--- a/src/adapter/driver/cache.c
+++ b/src/adapter/driver/cache.c
@@ -418,163 +418,6 @@ int neu_driver_cache_meta_get_changed(neu_driver_cache_t *cache,
     return ret;
 }
 
-int neu_driver_cache_get(neu_driver_cache_t *cache, const char *group,
-                         const char *tag, neu_driver_cache_value_t *value)
-{
-    struct elem *elem = NULL;
-    int          ret  = -1;
-    tkey_t       key  = to_key(group, tag);
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&cache->mtx);
-    HASH_FIND(hh, cache->table, &key, sizeof(tkey_t), elem);
-
-    if (elem != NULL) {
-        value->timestamp       = elem->timestamp;
-        value->value.type      = elem->value.type;
-        value->value.precision = elem->value.precision;
-
-        switch (elem->value.type) {
-        case NEU_TYPE_INT8:
-        case NEU_TYPE_UINT8:
-        case NEU_TYPE_BIT:
-            value->value.value.u8 = elem->value.value.u8;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_INT16:
-        case NEU_TYPE_UINT16:
-        case NEU_TYPE_WORD:
-            value->value.value.u16 = elem->value.value.u16;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_INT32:
-        case NEU_TYPE_UINT32:
-        case NEU_TYPE_DWORD:
-        case NEU_TYPE_FLOAT:
-        case NEU_TYPE_ERROR:
-            value->value.value.u32 = elem->value.value.u32;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_INT64:
-        case NEU_TYPE_UINT64:
-        case NEU_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-        case NEU_TYPE_LWORD:
-            value->value.value.u64 = elem->value.value.u64;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_BOOL:
-            value->value.value.boolean = elem->value.value.boolean;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_STRING:
-            memcpy(value->value.value.str, elem->value.value.str,
-                   sizeof(elem->value.value.str));
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_BYTES:
-            value->value.value.bytes.length = elem->value.value.bytes.length;
-            memcpy(value->value.value.bytes.bytes,
-                   elem->value.value.bytes.bytes,
-                   elem->value.value.bytes.length);
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_PTR:
-            value->value.value.ptr.length = elem->value.value.ptr.length;
-            value->value.value.ptr.type   = elem->value.value.ptr.type;
-            value->value.value.ptr.ptr =
-                calloc(1, elem->value.value.ptr.length);
-            memcpy(value->value.value.ptr.ptr, elem->value.value.ptr.ptr,
-                   elem->value.value.ptr.length);
-            break;
-        }
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < NEU_TAG_META_SIZE; i++) {
-            if (strlen(elem->metas[i].name) > 0) {
-                memcpy(&value->metas[i], &elem->metas[i],
-                       sizeof(neu_tag_meta_t));
-            }
-        }
-
-        ret = 0;
-    }
-
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&cache->mtx);
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
-int neu_driver_cache_get_changed(neu_driver_cache_t *cache, const char *group,
-                                 const char *              tag,
-                                 neu_driver_cache_value_t *value)
-{
-    struct elem *elem = NULL;
-    int          ret  = -1;
-    tkey_t       key  = to_key(group, tag);
-
-    pthread_mutex_lock(&cache->mtx);
-    HASH_FIND(hh, cache->table, &key, sizeof(tkey_t), elem);
-
-    if (elem != NULL && elem->changed) {
-        value->timestamp       = elem->timestamp;
-        value->value.type      = elem->value.type;
-        value->value.precision = elem->value.precision;
-
-        switch (elem->value.type) {
-        case NEU_TYPE_INT8:
-        case NEU_TYPE_UINT8:
-        case NEU_TYPE_BIT:
-            value->value.value.u8 = elem->value.value.u8;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_INT16:
-        case NEU_TYPE_UINT16:
-        case NEU_TYPE_WORD:
-            value->value.value.u16 = elem->value.value.u16;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_INT32:
-        case NEU_TYPE_UINT32:
-        case NEU_TYPE_FLOAT:
-        case NEU_TYPE_ERROR:
-        case NEU_TYPE_DWORD:
-            value->value.value.u32 = elem->value.value.u32;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_INT64:
-        case NEU_TYPE_UINT64:
-        case NEU_TYPE_DOUBLE:
-        case NEU_TYPE_LWORD:
-            value->value.value.u64 = elem->value.value.u64;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_BOOL:
-            value->value.value.boolean = elem->value.value.boolean;
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_STRING:
-            memcpy(value->value.value.str, elem->value.value.str,
-                   sizeof(elem->value.value.str));
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_BYTES:
-            value->value.value.bytes.length = elem->value.value.bytes.length;
-            memcpy(value->value.value.bytes.bytes,
-                   elem->value.value.bytes.bytes,
-                   elem->value.value.bytes.length);
-            break;
-        case NEU_TYPE_PTR:
-            value->value.value.ptr.length = elem->value.value.ptr.length;
-            value->value.value.ptr.type   = elem->value.value.ptr.type;
-            value->value.value.ptr.ptr =
-                calloc(1, elem->value.value.ptr.length);
-            memcpy(value->value.value.ptr.ptr, elem->value.value.ptr.ptr,
-                   elem->value.value.ptr.length);
-        }
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < NEU_TAG_META_SIZE; i++) {
-            if (strlen(elem->metas[i].name) > 0) {
-                memcpy(&value->metas[i], &elem->metas[i],
-                       sizeof(neu_tag_meta_t));
-            }
-        }
-
-        if (elem->value.type != NEU_TYPE_ERROR) {
-            elem->changed = false;
-        }
-        ret = 0;
-    }
-
-    pthread_mutex_unlock(&cache->mtx);
-
-    return ret;
-}
-
 void neu_driver_cache_del(neu_driver_cache_t *cache, const char *group,
                           const char *tag)
 {
diff --git a/src/adapter/driver/cache.h b/src/adapter/driver/cache.h
index b220b8fe..bc4c8f09 100644
--- a/src/adapter/driver/cache.h
+++ b/src/adapter/driver/cache.h
@@ -50,11 +50,6 @@ typedef struct {
     neu_tag_meta_t metas[NEU_TAG_META_SIZE];
 } neu_driver_cache_value_t;
 
-int neu_driver_cache_get(neu_driver_cache_t *cache, const char *group,
-                         const char *tag, neu_driver_cache_value_t *value);
-int neu_driver_cache_get_changed(neu_driver_cache_t *cache, const char *group,
-                                 const char *              tag,
-                                 neu_driver_cache_value_t *value);
 int neu_driver_cache_meta_get(neu_driver_cache_t *cache, const char *group,
                               const char *tag, neu_driver_cache_value_t *value,
                               neu_tag_meta_t *metas, int n_meta);
diff --git a/src/adapter/driver/driver.c b/src/adapter/driver/driver.c
index 38c4871a..dfe7bca9 100644
--- a/src/adapter/driver/driver.c
+++ b/src/adapter/driver/driver.c
@@ -306,18 +306,6 @@ void neu_adapter_driver_destroy(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver)
     neu_driver_cache_destroy(driver->cache);
 }
 
-int neu_adapter_driver_start(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver)
-{
-    (void) driver;
-    return 0;
-}
-
-int neu_adapter_driver_stop(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver)
-{
-    (void) driver;
-    return 0;
-}
-
 int neu_adapter_driver_init(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver)
 {
     (void) driver;
diff --git a/src/adapter/driver/driver_internal.h b/src/adapter/driver/driver_internal.h
index 49005323..0031a4ff 100644
--- a/src/adapter/driver/driver_internal.h
+++ b/src/adapter/driver/driver_internal.h
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 neu_adapter_driver_t *neu_adapter_driver_create();
 
 void neu_adapter_driver_destroy(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver);
-int  neu_adapter_driver_start(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver);
-int  neu_adapter_driver_stop(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver);
 int  neu_adapter_driver_init(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver);
 int  neu_adapter_driver_uninit(neu_adapter_driver_t *driver);
 
diff --git a/tests/ft/driver/test_modbus.py b/tests/ft/driver/test_modbus.py
index 671f4087..fd597fb8 100644
--- a/tests/ft/driver/test_modbus.py
+++ b/tests/ft/driver/test_modbus.py
@@ -40,21 +40,21 @@ def simulator_setup_teardown(param):
 
 
 hold_bit = [{"name": "hold_bit", "address": "1!400001.15",
-             "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_READ, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_BIT}]
+             "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_READ_SUBSCRIBE, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_BIT}]
 hold_int16 = [{"name": "hold_int16", "address": "1!400001",
-               "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_INT16}]
+               "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_SUBSCRIBE, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_INT16}]
 hold_uint16 = [{"name": "hold_uint16", "address": "1!400002",
-                "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_UINT16}]
+                "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_SUBSCRIBE, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_UINT16}]
 hold_int32 = [{"name": "hold_int32", "address": "1!400003",
-               "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_INT32}]
+               "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_SUBSCRIBE, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_INT32}]
 hold_uint32 = [{"name": "hold_uint32", "address": "1!400015",
-                "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_UINT32}]
+                "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_SUBSCRIBE, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_UINT32}]
 hold_float = [{"name": "hold_float", "address": "1!400017",
-               "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_FLOAT}]
+               "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_SUBSCRIBE, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_FLOAT}]
 hold_string = [{"name": "hold_string", "address": "1!400020.10",
-                "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_STRING}]
+                "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_SUBSCRIBE, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_STRING}]
 hold_bytes = [{"name": "hold_bytes", "address": "1!400040.10",
-               "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_BYTES}]
+               "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_SUBSCRIBE, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_BYTES}]
 
 coil_bit_1 = [{"name": "coil_bit_1", "address": "1!000001",
                "attribute": config.NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW, "type": config.NEU_TYPE_BIT}]
diff --git a/tests/ft/neuron/config.py b/tests/ft/neuron/config.py
index b0bb8d06..e62d3c88 100644
--- a/tests/ft/neuron/config.py
+++ b/tests/ft/neuron/config.py
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_SUBSCRIBE = 4
 NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_STATIC = 8
 NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW = NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_READ | NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_WRITE
 NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_STATIC = NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW | NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_STATIC
+NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW_SUBSCRIBE = NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_RW | NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_SUBSCRIBE
+NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_READ_SUBSCRIBE = NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_READ | NEU_TAG_ATTRIBUTE_SUBSCRIBE
 
 NEU_TYPE_INT8 = 1
 NEU_TYPE_UINT8 = 2