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LittleCoder
179 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
179 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
# 注册消息方法
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itchat将根据接收到的消息类型寻找对应的已经注册的方法。
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如果一个消息类型没有对应的注册方法，该消息将会被舍弃。
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在运行过程当中也可以动态注册方法，注册方式与结果不变。
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## 注册
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你可以通过两种方式注册消息方法
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```python
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import itchat
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from itchat.content import *
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# 不带具体对象注册，将注册为普通消息的回复方法
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@itchat.msg_register(TEXT)
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def simple_reply(msg):
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return 'I received: %s' % msg['Text']
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# 带对象参数注册，对应消息对象将调用该方法
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@itchat.msg_register(TEXT, isFriendChat=True, isGroupChat=True, isMpChat=True)
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def text_reply(msg):
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msg.user.send('%s: %s' % (msg.type, msg.text))
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```
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## 消息类型
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向注册方法传入的msg包含微信返回的字典的所有内容。
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本api增加`Text`、`Type`（也就是参数）键值，方便操作。
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itchat.content中包含所有的消息类型参数，内容如下表所示：
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参数 |类型 |Text键值
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:----------|:----------|:---------------
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TEXT |文本 |文本内容
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MAP |地图 |位置文本
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CARD |名片 |推荐人字典
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NOTE |通知 |通知文本
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SHARING |分享 |分享名称
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PICTURE |图片/表情 |下载方法
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RECORDING |语音 |下载方法
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ATTACHMENT |附件 |下载方法
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VIDEO |小视频 |下载方法
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FRIENDS |好友邀请 |添加好友所需参数
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SYSTEM |系统消息 |更新内容的用户或群聊的UserName组成的列表
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比如你需要存储发送给你的附件：
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```python
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@itchat.msg_register(ATTACHMENT)
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def download_files(msg):
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msg['Text'](msg['FileName'])
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```
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值得注意的是，群消息增加了三个键值：
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* isAt: 判断是否@本号
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* ActualNickName: 实际NickName
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* Content: 实际Content
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可以通过本程序测试：
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```python
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import itchat
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from itchat.content import TEXT
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@itchat.msg_register(TEXT, isGroupChat=True)
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def text_reply(msg):
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print(msg.isAt)
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print(msg.actualNickName)
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print(msg.text)
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itchat.auto_login()
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itchat.run()
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```
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## 注册消息的优先级
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优先级分别为：后注册消息先于先注册消息，带参数消息先于不带参数消息。
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以下面的两个程序为例：
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```python
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import itchat
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from itchat.content import *
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itchat.auto_login()
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@itchat.msg_register(TEXT)
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def text_reply(msg):
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return 'This is the old register'
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@itchat.msg_register(TEXT)
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def text_reply(msg):
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return 'This is a new one'
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itchat.run()
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```
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在私聊发送文本时将会回复`This is a new one`。
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```python
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import itchat
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from itchat.content import *
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itchat.auto_login()
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@itchat.msg_register
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def general_reply(msg):
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return 'I received a %s' % msg.type
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@itchat.msg_register(TEXT)
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def text_reply(msg):
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return 'You said to me one to one: %s' % msg.text
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itchat.run()
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```
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仅在私聊发送文本时将会回复`You said to me one to one`，其余情况将会回复`I received a ...`。
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## 动态注册消息
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动态注册时可以选择将`itchat.run()`放入另一线程或使用`configured_reply()`方法处理消息。
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两种方法分别是：
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```python
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# 使用另一线程，但注意不要让程序运行终止
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import thread
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thread.start_new_thread(itchat.run, ())
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# 使用configured_reply方法
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while 1:
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itchat.configured_reply()
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# some other functions
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time.sleep(1)
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```
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以下给出一个动态注册的例子：
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```python
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#coding=utf8
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import thread
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import itchat
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from itchat.content import *
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replyToGroupChat = True
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functionStatus = False
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def change_function():
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if replyToGroupChat != functionStatus:
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if replyToGroupChat:
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@itchat.msg_register(TEXT, isGroupChat=True)
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def group_text_reply(msg):
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if u'关闭' in msg['Text']:
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replyToGroupChat = False
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return u'已关闭'
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elif u'开启' in msg['Text']:
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return u'已经在运行'
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return u'输入"关闭"或者"开启"测试功能'
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else:
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@itchat.msg_register(TEXT, isGroupChat=True)
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def group_text_reply(msg):
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if u'开启' in msg['Text']:
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replyToGroupChat = True
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return u'重新开启成功'
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functionStatus = replyToGroupChat
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thread.start_new_thread(itchat.run, ())
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while 1:
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change_function()
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time.sleep(.1)
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```
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